The Potential of Some Plant Powders as Biopesticides against Sitophilus Zeamais (Motsch.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) On Stored Grains: A Review

Powders prepared from parts of different plant species indigenous to Nigeria were tested by various Nigerian scientists under laboratory conditions for their insecticidal activities against the common insect pests of maize and cowpea, i.e. Sitophilus zeamais and Callosobruchus maculatus during storage. Results showed that at certain concentrations, the plant materials had both ovicidal and larvicidal effects. They also reduced adult emergence, progeny development and increased mortality of the adults. Some have anti-feedant effects on the insect pests. Looking into the side effects of synthetic pesticides, the studies demonstrated that these plant parts can play an important role in protection of stored grains from insect invasion during storage.Key words: Biopesticides, Callosobruchus maculatus, Plant powders, Sitophilus zeamais Stored grain

N′-[(2-Methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)methyl­idene]-4-methyl­benzohydrazide

In the title compound, C20H18N2O2, the mean planes of the naphthyl system and the benzene ring form a dihedral angle of 88.48 (10)°. In the crystal, N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into C(4) chains, which propagate along the b-axis direction

Impact of childhood mental health disorders on the family: A Case report

Background: Care of the children with mental health disorders is fraught with challenges particularly in developing countries and, where the family isthe major source of care. Consequently assessing the impact of these disorders on the family is relevant to providing these children with optimal care.Objective: To assess the impact of childhood mental health disorderson family function and parental burden.Method: A monogamous family that had 3 children diagnosed as having childhood onset schizophrenia using the International Classification of Disease version 10(ICD 10) Classification was studied. Family function was assessed using the Family APGAR Score and the Zarit Burden Interview(ZBI) Score used in assessing parental burden.\Results: The Family APGAR Scores were low (highly dysfunctional family) and the ZBI Scores high (highly burdened) in the family. Areas of serious dysfunction in the family were in adaptation, partnership and growth.In the ZBI Scores feelings about quality and cost of care offered, stress and other negative attributes associated with providing care, inability to meet other parental obligations and uncertainty about the future, were the major contributors to the highly burdensome outcome.Conclusion: The study highlights significant family burden and dysfunctionin a family who had three children with schizophrenia. It underscored the need for provision of more comprehensive health and social support  services to children with mental health disorders and their families.Key Words: Childhood, Schizophrenia, Parent, Burden, Family functio

2-Fluoro-N′-[(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylidene]benzohydrazide

In the title mol­ecule, C18H13FN2O2, the hy­droxy group is involved in an intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond. The naphthyl ring system and the benzene ring form a dihedral angle of 31.0 (2)°. In the crystal, N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into chains propagating in [101]

The production of hydrogen through the use of a 77 wt% Pd 23 wt% Ag membrane water gas shift reactor

Hydrogen as an energy carrier has the potential to decarbonize the energy sector. This work presents the application of a palladium-silver (PdeAg) membrane-based reactor. The membrane reactor which is made from PdeAg film supported by porous stainless steel (PSS) is evaluated for the production of hydrogen and the potential replacement of the current two-stage Water-Gas Shift (WGS) reaction by a single stage reaction. The permeability of a 20 mmPdeAg membrane reactor was examined at 320° C, 380° C and 430° C. The effect of continuous hydrogen exposure on the PdeAg membrane at high temperature and low temperature was examined to investigate the thermal stability and durability of the membrane. During continuous operation to determine thermal stability, the membrane reactor exhibited stable hydrogen permeation at 320° C for 120 h and unstable hydrogen permeation at 430° C was observed. For the WGS reaction, the reactor was loaded with Ferrochrome catalyst. The membrane showed the ability to produce high purity hydrogen, with a CO conversion and an H2 recovery of 84% and 88%, respectively. The membrane suffered from hydrogen embrittlement due to desorption and adsorption of hydrogen on the membrane surface. SEM analysis revealed cracks that occurred on the surface of the membrane after hydrogen exposure. XRD analysis revealed lattice expansion after hydrogen loading which suggests the occurrence of phase change from a-phase to the more brittle b-phase.DHE

Childhood Lead Exposure in the Palestinian Authority, Israel, and Jordan: Results from the Middle Eastern Regional Cooperation Project, 1996–2000

In the Middle East, the major sources of lead exposure have been leaded gasoline, lead-contaminated flour from traditional stone mills, focal exposures from small battery plants and smelters, and kohl (blue color) in cosmetics. In 1998–2000, we measured blood lead (PbB) levels in children 2–6 years of age in Israel, Jordan, and the Palestinian Authority (n = 1478), using a fingerstick method. Mean (peak; percentage > 10 μg/dL) PbB levels in Israel (n = 317), the West Bank (n = 344), Jordan (n = 382), and Gaza (n = 435) were 3.2 μg/dL (18.2; 2.2%), 4.2 μg/dL (25.7; 5.2%), 3.2 μg/dL (39.3; < 1%), and 8.6 μg/dL (> 80.0; 17.2%), respectively. High levels in Gaza were all among children living near a battery factory. The findings, taken together with data on time trends in lead emissions and in PbB in children in previous years, indicate the benefits from phasing out of leaded gasoline but state the case for further reductions and investigation of hot spots. The project demonstrated the benefits of regional cooperation in planning and carrying out a jointly designed project

La detección de trastornos mentales en la infancia en atención primaria en varios países en desarrollo .

Los autores resaltan la importancia creciente de la detección e intervención precoz en los trastornos mentales. La investigación se desarrolla por varios departamentos universitarios de forma colaboradora con la OMS. Es un estudio de screening en doble fase, donde se exponen los resultados comparados para valorar la fiabilidad como instrumento del Reporting Ouestionnaire for Children (ROC), exponen la metodología de la investigación y el trabajo desarrollado por la atención primaria y su resultado comparado con los psiquiatras

La detección de trastornos mentales en la infancia en atención primaria en varios países en desarrollo .

Los autores resaltan la importancia creciente de la detección e intervención precoz en los trastornos mentales. La investigación se desarrolla por varios departamentos universitarios de forma colaboradora con la OMS. Es un estudio de screening en doble fase, donde se exponen los resultados comparados para valorar la fiabilidad como instrumento del Reporting Ouestionnaire for Children (ROC), exponen la metodología de la investigación y el trabajo desarrollado por la atención primaria y su resultado comparado con los psiquiatras

Corrosion Resistance of AA6063-Type Al-Mg-Si Alloy by Silicon Carbide in Sodium Chloride Solution for Marine Application

The present work focused on corrosion inhibition of AA6063 type Al-Mg-Si alloy in sodium chloride (NaCl) solution with a silicon carbide inhibitor, using the potentiodynamic electrochemical method. The aluminium alloy surface morphology was examined, in the as-received and as-corroded in the un-inhibited state, with scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The results obtained via linear polarization indicated a high corrosion potential for the unprotected as-received alloy. Equally, inhibition efficiency as high as 98.82% at 10.0 g/v silicon carbide addition was obtained with increased polarization resistance (Rp), while the current density reduced significantly for inhibited samples compared to the un-inhibited aluminium alloy. The adsorption mechanism of the inhibitor aluminium alloy follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. This shows that the corrosion rate of aluminium alloy with silicon carbide in NaCl environment decreased significantly with addition of the inhibito