A Modified Differential Transform Method for Solving Nonlinear Systems

Many natural phenomena are now being modelled by fractional calculus, however, there is still need for improvements of the present numerical approaches due to the non-local property of the fractional derivative and difficulty in solving problems related to physical units. In this paper, we present an improved numerical method based on Newton-Raphson fractional method (NFM) for solution of some nonlinear systems in complex space. Unlike in the Newton-Raphson fractional method, the commands of fractional derivatives are replaced with functions which is valid for one and several variables. The conformable fractional derivative of fractional order was employed to replace the first order derivative in the Newton method. Numerical results have been presented which show that the proposed numerical approach is efficient and promising

Conformable Fractional Differintegral Method For Solving Fractional Equations

The standard approaches to the problem of conformable fractional calculus has been studied extensively. Many researchers have shown that the obtained conditions for the theorem describing the general solution of; y a ( x ) y b ( x ) are generally weaker than those derived by using the classical norm-type expansion and compression theorem. In this paper, we propose conformable method for the fractional differential transform and established the prove for basic properties of differintegrals. Some solved examples have been reported to illustrate the possible application of the obtained results.The authors wish to thank A, B, C. This work was supported in part by a grant from XYZ

The effect of holmium on microstructure and mechanical properties of light metal alloy

The thesis project investigates the effect of Holmium addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cast ZRE1 magnesium alloy. In the advancement of automotive and aerospace industries, the next generation of light metal alloy is magnesium due to its manufacturing abilities and lightweight material. The main limitation of Mg alloys is the ability to improve its mechanical properties. Rare earth elements were used as alloying elements for improving the mechanical properties and producing a new Mg-RE alloy with modified structure and strength. In this studies, it demonstrates the addition of RE at specific amount, which could be considered as main alloy element that may lead to extend limitation of RE application. The amount of Holmium (Ho) at 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 wt. % were added separately to ZRE1 magnesium alloy. The Optical Microsope, FESEM coupled with EDX, and XRD were used to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties, including tensile and hardness tests. The results showed that the Ho content at 0.2wt. % increased the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength compared to others Ho composition. Finally, the hardness value was increased and the additive had a significant improvement of mechanical properties, thus the ZRE1 magnesium alloy has been improved with Holmium addition

Half-sweep Newton-SOR iteration with quadrature scheme to solve nonlinear Fredholm integral equations

This paper aims to propose an efficient and fast iterative method to solve the nonlinear Fredholm integral equations of the second kind (NFIE-2). For this starting point, we discretize the general NFIE-2 using a quadrature scheme into a corresponding nonlinear quadrature approximation equation to generate a system of nonlinear equations. Then, we convert the nonlinear system into a linear form using Newton’s method so the linear system can be solved using iterative methods. To speed up the convergence rate in solving the linear system, we proposed the hybridization of the Newton-Successive Overrelaxation (NSOR) method with the half-sweep (HS) complexity reduction technique to boost its convergence rate, called half-sweep NSOR (HSNSOR) method. Also, we used the standard form of Newton-Gauss– Seidel and NSOR called FSNGS and FSNSOR, respectively as control methods to test the ability of this iterative method. Based on the output of numerical experiments, we found that the application of half-sweep to the existing NSOR provides us with a method that converge faster than the FSNGS and FSNSOR

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia (Bandos) Dengan Model Problem Based Introduction (PBI) Berbasis Multimedia Untuk Kelas VII SMP

This study aims to study the results of the development of multimedia-based learning media in Sambi 1 Public Middle School, which was then to find out the feasibility of the media being developed and to help improve the effective results of the learning media developed. The population in this study were students of class VII A State Junior High School 1 Sambi Boyolali 2018/2019 total registrants 28 students. Data is obtained through questionnaires, observation and registration. Research and Development (R & D) is a method used by researchers, with the proposed analysis, Analysis, Design, Implementation, Testing and Maintenance (Waterfall) expected to develop media that are easy to use and increase interest in learning. The average results of the product feasibility percentage developed from media experts amounting to 78.12% are categorized as feasible and from material experts 84% are categorized as very feasible. Based on the results of experts related to media and materials in the media, it can be concluded that multimedia-based Indonesian language learning media with problem-based model recognition for class VII SMP can be categorized as feasible for use in learning. Effectiveness test results are the average results of students showing the number 0.71 so that the increase can be categorized high so that the learning media developed prove effective for use in learning. Discussing the use of media problem-based learning (PBI) learning methods, the experimental class in this study managed to make students more interested, more active, and make the comfort class more conducive

Perspectives on the role of National Fatwa Committee in handling food issues in Malaysia based on Maqasid Syariah

The National Fatwa Committee (NFC) is a body responsible for issuing fatwa in Malaysia. It has an important role in determining a fatwa on a certain issue whether permissible or not. Among the popular issue in the current community are food issues. These include the issues of swine DNA in food, consuming fish oil and other several significant food issues. This study aimed to study fatwa production of these issues by NFC. This fatwa tried to use the Maqasid Syariah and its understanding through scientific views and understanding. It was also noted that before a fatwa is produced, it will have to go through several processes before it is distributed to the public. This study used the qualitative method, by referring to files or documents, journals, and interviews. The study also found that most of the fatwa was made by referring to al-Shafie school of teaching and several methods in deriving laws based on illah (reason) as relevant fiqh methodology to understand the Maqasid Syariah through a scientific study. Therefore, the fatwa has been made by referring to not only the fiqh but also the science information obtained through the lab work

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance

INTRODUCTION Investment in Africa over the past year with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing has led to a massive increase in the number of sequences, which, to date, exceeds 100,000 sequences generated to track the pandemic on the continent. These sequences have profoundly affected how public health officials in Africa have navigated the COVID-19 pandemic. RATIONALE We demonstrate how the first 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Africa have helped monitor the epidemic on the continent, how genomic surveillance expanded over the course of the pandemic, and how we adapted our sequencing methods to deal with an evolving virus. Finally, we also examine how viral lineages have spread across the continent in a phylogeographic framework to gain insights into the underlying temporal and spatial transmission dynamics for several variants of concern (VOCs). RESULTS Our results indicate that the number of countries in Africa that can sequence the virus within their own borders is growing and that this is coupled with a shorter turnaround time from the time of sampling to sequence submission. Ongoing evolution necessitated the continual updating of primer sets, and, as a result, eight primer sets were designed in tandem with viral evolution and used to ensure effective sequencing of the virus. The pandemic unfolded through multiple waves of infection that were each driven by distinct genetic lineages, with B.1-like ancestral strains associated with the first pandemic wave of infections in 2020. Successive waves on the continent were fueled by different VOCs, with Alpha and Beta cocirculating in distinct spatial patterns during the second wave and Delta and Omicron affecting the whole continent during the third and fourth waves, respectively. Phylogeographic reconstruction points toward distinct differences in viral importation and exportation patterns associated with the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants and subvariants, when considering both Africa versus the rest of the world and viral dissemination within the continent. Our epidemiological and phylogenetic inferences therefore underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic on the continent and highlight key insights and challenges, for instance, recognizing the limitations of low testing proportions. We also highlight the early warning capacity that genomic surveillance in Africa has had for the rest of the world with the detection of new lineages and variants, the most recent being the characterization of various Omicron subvariants. CONCLUSION Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve. This is important not only to help combat SARS-CoV-2 on the continent but also because it can be used as a platform to help address the many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats in Africa. In particular, capacity building for local sequencing within countries or within the continent should be prioritized because this is generally associated with shorter turnaround times, providing the most benefit to local public health authorities tasked with pandemic response and mitigation and allowing for the fastest reaction to localized outbreaks. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century