The role of the respiratory microbiome in asthma

Asthma is a common airways disease and the human microbiome plays an increasingly recognised role in asthma pathogenesis. Furthermore, the respiratory microbiome varies with asthma phenotype, endotype and disease severity. Consequently, asthma therapies have a direct effect on the respiratory microbiome. Newer biological therapies have led to a significant paradigm shift in how we treat refractory Type 2 high asthma. While airway inflammation is the generally accepted mechanism of action of all asthma therapies, including both inhaled and systemic therapies, there is evidence to suggest that they may also alter the microbiome to create a more functionally balanced airway microenvironment while also influencing airway inflammation directly. This downregulated inflammatory cascade seen biochemically, and reflected in improved clinical outcomes, supports the hypothesis that biological therapies may in fact affect the microbiome-host immune system dynamic and thus represent a therapeutic target for exacerbations and disease control

Aplikasi Image Retrieval Menggunakan Kombinasi Metode Color Moment Dan Gabor Texture

Pencarian gambarmenggunakan keyword berupa teks telah dirasakan kurang efektif. Hal inidisebabkan karena adanya batasan kemampuan teks dalam mewakili keseluruhan isidari gambar, terutama pada basisdata gambar yang besar. Keterbatasan tersebutmeliputi penilaian yang subjektif dalam mengartikan gambar dan pemberian namaberkas gambar yang belum tentu dapat mendeskripsikan isi gambar sepenuhnya.Pendekatan lain yang dilakukan dalam pencarian gambar adalah berdasarkan isidari gambar (content based imageretrieval). Penelitian ini membangun sebuah aplikasi untuk mencari gambarmelalui pendekatan content based imageretrieval dengan menggunakan kombinasi fitur warna dan tekstur. Fitur warnadiperoleh dengan menggunakan algoritma colormoment berdasarkan distribusi warna, yaitu nilai mean, variance dan skewness. Terdapat dua cara untukmendapatkan fitur warna yaitu secara global (whole) dan berdasarkan region.Fitur tekstur diperoleh dengan menggunakan algoritma Gabor texture. Fitur warna dan tekstur juga dikombinasikan untukmengetahui kemampuannya dalam proses pencarian gambar. Proses pengukurankemiripan gambar dihitung dengan menggunakan Conberra Distance. Hasil evaluasi diperoleh dengan membandingkannilai presisi dan recall pada saat proses pencarian gambar pada dataset. Hasileksperimen menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi colormoment region dan gabor texturedapat menampilkan hasil pencarian gambar yang lebih relevan yang ditunjukkandengan nilai presisi dan recall yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kombinasilainny

APLIKASI IMAGE RETRIEVAL MENGGUNAKAN KOMBINASI METODE COLOR MOMENT DAN GABOR TEXTURE

Pencarian gambarmenggunakan keyword berupa teks telah dirasakan kurang efektif. Hal inidisebabkan karena adanya batasan kemampuan teks dalam mewakili keseluruhan isidari gambar, terutama pada basisdata gambar yang besar. Keterbatasan tersebutmeliputi penilaian yang subjektif dalam mengartikan gambar dan pemberian namaberkas gambar yang belum tentu dapat mendeskripsikan isi gambar sepenuhnya.Pendekatan lain yang dilakukan dalam pencarian gambar adalah berdasarkan isidari gambar (content based imageretrieval). Penelitian ini membangun sebuah aplikasi untuk mencari gambarmelalui pendekatan content based imageretrieval dengan menggunakan kombinasi fitur warna dan tekstur. Fitur warnadiperoleh dengan menggunakan algoritma colormoment berdasarkan distribusi warna, yaitu nilai mean, variance dan skewness. Terdapat dua cara untukmendapatkan fitur warna yaitu secara global (whole) dan berdasarkan region.Fitur tekstur diperoleh dengan menggunakan algoritma Gabor texture. Fitur warna dan tekstur juga dikombinasikan untukmengetahui kemampuannya dalam proses pencarian gambar. Proses pengukurankemiripan gambar dihitung dengan menggunakan Conberra Distance. Hasil evaluasi diperoleh dengan membandingkannilai presisi dan recall pada saat proses pencarian gambar pada dataset. Hasileksperimen menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi colormoment region dan gabor texturedapat menampilkan hasil pencarian gambar yang lebih relevan yang ditunjukkandengan nilai presisi dan recall yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kombinasilainny

Quickly understanding on progressive muscle relaxation with video-based learning in secondary school students

Progressive muscle relaxation can improve students' learning performance in the classroom because it provides a good focus during classroom learning sessions in developing technical communication for educational institutions. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of video-based learning on the understanding of secondary school students related to Progressive Muscle Relaxation. The research was a quantitative descriptive method. Based on research that has been done, researchers found differences in students' understanding between before and after watching videos related to progressive muscle relaxation. In this study, respondents need to answer questions raised by researchers before viewing the video and after watching the video. The respondents in this study were only six students. The percentage of respondents who answered the question correctly after seeing the video provided by the researcher rose quite significantly. Respondents are interested in the video provided, and respondents can understand the video content they want to convey. The use of video in teaching and learning is beneficial for students to increase their interest and demand Progressive Muscle Relaxation knowledge. Video-based learning can be implemented in teaching and learning in various fields of education. Visual lessons are more quickly remembered and understood by students. Learning to use videos can increase student's interest in learning new things

The multifaceted presentation of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: a series of 486 cases from the Eurofever international registry

Objectives: Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) or chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an autoinflammatory disorder characterized by sterile bone osteolytic lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic data and clinical, instrumental and therapeutic features at baseline in a large series of CNO/CRMO patients enrolled in the Eurofever registry. Methods: A web-based registry collected retrospective data on patients affected by CRMO/CNO. Both paediatric and adult centres were involved. Results: Complete baseline information on 486 patients was available (176 male, 310 female). The mean age of onset was 9.9 years. Adult onset (>18 years of age) was observed in 31 (6.3%) patients. The mean time from disease onset to final diagnosis was 1 year (range 0-15). MRI was performed at baseline in 426 patients (88%), revealing a mean number of 4.1 lesions. More frequent manifestations not directly related to bone involvement were myalgia (12%), mucocutaneous manifestations (5% acne, 5% palmoplantar pustulosis, 4% psoriasis, 3% papulopustular lesions, 2% urticarial rash) and gastrointestinal symptoms (8%). A total of 361 patients have been treated with NSAIDs, 112 with glucocorticoids, 61 with bisphosphonates, 58 with MTX, 47 with SSZ, 26 with anti-TNF and 4 with anakinra, with a variable response. Conclusion: This is the largest reported case series of CNO patients, showing that the range of associated clinical manifestations is rather heterogeneous. The study confirms that the disease usually presents with an early teenage onset, but it may also occur in adults, even in the absence of mucocutaneous manifestations

Wearable Kinesthetic System In Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: A Review Of Sensor In Body Motions Detection

This paper presents a system with various kinematics parameters considered to capture and classify body gestures for user’s recovery. The concepts involved are briefly explained in this paper. Basically, two devices concepts are explained, which are the Upper Limb Kinesthetic Garment (ULKG) and OPAL technologies. The method of literature search used is discussed in methodology, while detailed information from reviews on particular devices is analysed. Then, the performance and feedback from users are compiled to indicate usability on both devices under the results section. Both ULKG that used conductive elastomer (CE) and OPAL sensor are compared to figure out which sensor is more appropriate for users

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy

Morphology of the Auroral Tail of Io, Europa, and Ganymede From JIRAM L-Band Imager

Jupiter hosts intense auroral activity associated with charged particles precipitating into the planet's atmosphere. The Galilean moons orbiting within the magnetosphere are swept by the magnetic field: the resulting perturbation travels along field lines as Alfven waves, which are able to accelerate electrons toward the planet, producing satellite-induced auroral emissions. These emissions due to the moons, known as footprints, can be detected in various wavelengths (UV, visible, IR) outside the main auroral emission as multiple bright spots followed by footprint tails. Since 2016 the Juno spacecraft orbiting Jupiter has surveyed the polar regions more than 30 times at close distances. Onboard the spacecraft, the Jovian InfraRed Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) is an imager and spectrometer with an L-band imaging filter suited to observe auroral features at unprecedented spatial resolution. JIRAM revealed a rich substructure in the footprint tails of Io, Europa, and Ganymede, which appear as a trail of quasi-regularly spaced bright sub-dots whose intensity fades away along the emission trail as the spatial separation from the footprint increases. The fine structure of the Europa and Ganymede footprint tails is reported in this work for the first time. We will also show that the typical distance between subsequent sub-dots is the same for all three moons at JIRAM resolution in both hemispheres. In addition, the sub-dots observed by JIRAM are static in a frame corotating with Jupiter. A feedback mechanism between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere is suggested as a potential candidate to explain the morphology of the footprint tails

Effects of antiplatelet therapy after stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage (RESTART): a randomised, open-label trial

Background: Antiplatelet therapy reduces the risk of major vascular events for people with occlusive vascular disease, although it might increase the risk of intracranial haemorrhage. Patients surviving the commonest subtype of intracranial haemorrhage, intracerebral haemorrhage, are at risk of both haemorrhagic and occlusive vascular events, but whether antiplatelet therapy can be used safely is unclear. We aimed to estimate the relative and absolute effects of antiplatelet therapy on recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage and whether this risk might exceed any reduction of occlusive vascular events. Methods: The REstart or STop Antithrombotics Randomised Trial (RESTART) was a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint, parallel-group trial at 122 hospitals in the UK. We recruited adults (≥18 years) who were taking antithrombotic (antiplatelet or anticoagulant) therapy for the prevention of occlusive vascular disease when they developed intracerebral haemorrhage, discontinued antithrombotic therapy, and survived for 24 h. Computerised randomisation incorporating minimisation allocated participants (1:1) to start or avoid antiplatelet therapy. We followed participants for the primary outcome (recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage) for up to 5 years. We analysed data from all randomised participants using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for minimisation covariates. This trial is registered with ISRCTN (number ISRCTN71907627). Findings: Between May 22, 2013, and May 31, 2018, 537 participants were recruited a median of 76 days (IQR 29–146) after intracerebral haemorrhage onset: 268 were assigned to start and 269 (one withdrew) to avoid antiplatelet therapy. Participants were followed for a median of 2·0 years (IQR [1·0– 3·0]; completeness 99·3%). 12 (4%) of 268 participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy had recurrence of intracerebral haemorrhage compared with 23 (9%) of 268 participants allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (adjusted hazard ratio 0·51 [95% CI 0·25–1·03]; p=0·060). 18 (7%) participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy experienced major haemorrhagic events compared with 25 (9%) participants allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (0·71 [0·39–1·30]; p=0·27), and 39 [15%] participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy had major occlusive vascular events compared with 38 [14%] allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (1·02 [0·65–1·60]; p=0·92). Interpretation: These results exclude all but a very modest increase in the risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage with antiplatelet therapy for patients on antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of occlusive vascular disease when they developed intracerebral haemorrhage. The risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage is probably too small to exceed the established benefits of antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention