Multivariate geographical characterisation of Slovak fruit distillates through mineral elements profile

Mg, Ca, Zn, Cu, K and Na were determined in some species of Slovakian fruit distillates by atomic absorption spectrometry with the aim to differentiate the spirit drinks according to geographical origin. Potassium, sodium and copper were found as markers with the highest concentrations and variability in the distillates, namely in the apricot and grape brandy. Using the multivariate statistics of principal component and canonical discriminant analysis enabled relative effective differentiation of samples according to their regional origin. Prediction ability of the model resulted in more than 80% of correctly classified samples of the fruit distillates into the relevant Slovakian regions.

Design of Differential Current Transformer

Import 03/11/2016Úkolem této práce bylo navrhnout součtový transformátor pro diferenciální ochranu generátoru. Parametry tohoto transformátoru určuje generátor a digitální ochrana. Generátor, pro který jsou uvedeny výpočty, je umístěn na elektrárenském bloku Jaderné elektrárny Dukovany. V této práci je také proveden rozbor přístrojových transformátorů proudu a diferenciálních ochran generátorů.The task of this work was to design a differential transformer for differential protection of generator. The parameters of the transformer determines the generator and digital protection. Generator, for which calculations are listed, is on block nuclear power station Dukovany. This work is also done analysis Instrument current transformer ad differential protection of generator.410 - Katedra elektroenergetikyvýborn

FEM Analysis of Differential Current Transformer

Import 05/08/2014Tato bakalářská práce je zaměřena na FEM analýzu. Tato analýza byla provedena na součtovém transformátoru. Jelikož se bude hovořit o transformátoru, je potřeba také uvést základy elektrických strojů, historie transformátorů a jejich funkce, princip součtových transformátorů a jejich aplikace v proudových chráničích. Pro analýzu byl zde použit program Ansof Maxwell. Program je založen na metodě konečných prvků. V tomto programu byl vytvořen celý model a provedena analýza. Jednotlivé výsledky byly uvedeny, popřípadě srovnány.This bachelor work focuses on the FEM analysis. This analysis was performed on differential current transformer. As will be discussed on the transformer is also required to state the basics of electrical machines, history of transformers and their functions, principle differential current transformer and their application in residual current device. For analysis was used here program Ansof Maxwell. The program is based on the finite element method. In this program was created entire model and performed analysis. Individual results were shown optionally compared.410 - Katedra elektroenergetikyvelmi dobř

Az extrém fizikai aktivitás élettani és immunológiai hatásai

Many researches have proven that prolonged endurance exercise like long distance running causes acute, unfavorable effects including damages in kidney, musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system or gastrointestinal system. Several attempts were made to prevent or modulate these unwanted effects. To better understand the physiological and immunological background of damages caused by prolonged endurance exercise, studies were made on 8 healthy, trained male volunteer during a 2 hour training protocol. The protocol included 1 hour intensive cycling and 1 hour intensive running under medical control. Studies focused on the measurements of clinical chemistry parameters, also on the global gene expression changes of neutrophil granulocytes. Blood samples were collected before exercise (baseline), and 3, 48 and 96 hours following exercise. Based on the results, the intensive physical exercise dramatically changes several parameters in the blood. Many of these parameters return to the baseline within a few hours, while many of them requires several days for the recovery. One of the aims of the future studies is to develop food supplements that may prevent or alleviate the unwanted physiological damages.Számos kutatás bizonyította, hogy a hosszútávfutást sajnos számos átmeneti, kedvezőtlen hatás is kíséri, melyek közül a legfontosabbak a vesét, a mozgásszerveket, valamint a szív- és érrendszert, illetve a gasztrointesztinális traktust érintő, káros hatások voltak. Orvosi szempontból lényeges lenne ezeknek a kedvezőtlen hatásoknak a megelőzése, enyhítése, illetve modulálása. A testedzés okozta károsodások élettani és immunológiai hátterének pontosabb megértése érdekében 8 egészséges, edzett, önkéntes férfi alanyon végeztek egy tanulmányt, melyben egy 2 órás protokollt követtek. Ez a protokoll 1 óra intenzív kerékpározást, valamint 1 óra intenzív futást foglalt magába, folyamatos orvosi ellenőrzés mellett, kontrollált körülmények között. A vizsgálatok a futók klinikai kémiai paraméterei változásának, illetve a neutrofil granulocitákban lezajló globális génexpresszió változásoknak a leírására összpontosulnak. Ezeket a vizsgálatokat közvetlenül a fizikai terhelés előtt („baseline”), illetve 3, 48 és 96 órával utána végezték. Az eredmények alapján elmondhatjuk, hogy az intenzív sport számos paraméter változását eredményezi, melyek egy része néhány órán belül visszaáll az eredeti alapértékre, számos paraméter viszont csak több nap elteltével áll helyre. A kutatások egyik jövőbeni célja a kedvezőtlen élettani hatások megelőzésére, illetve enyhítésére szolgáló táplálékkiegészítők kifejlesztése

Acrylamide content and antioxidant capacity in thermally processed fruit products

Acrylamide as a known processing contaminant was determined in various heat-treated plum products purchased from a local market using LC/ESI-MS-MS. The highest level of acrylamide in the range up to 60 μg/kg was detected in a plum stew known as a "povidla", and in prunes, respectively. These products typically undergo intensive heat treatment that may take from several hours to days. Using a fruit dehydrator in home production of prunes, a low level of acrylamide under LOQ (15 μg/kg) was detected in comparison to most commercial products. Only in one of the prune samples from the market was the acrylamide content near to LOQ. The highest content of acrylamide (46 μg/kg) was detected in the Slovak sample of prune originated in Nitra region. High acrylamide content, in the range from 23 to 45 μg/kg, was observed in prunes from South America. In the rest of analysed heat-treated plum products such as plum juice, plum compote or baby food with plum puree, acrylamide was not detected due to moderate conditions during thermal processing: temperature below 120 °C and a shorter time of thermal exposure. The total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of prunes were analysed using a UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer and an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Home-prepared prunes were characterized by the highest content of phenolics (4780 mg GAE/kg) and antioxidant capacity (14.6 mmol TEAC/kg). Commercial samples of prunes reached phenolics in the range from 1619 to 3461 mg GAE /kg, and antioxidant capacity was observed between 6.1 and 12.1 mmol TEAC/kg. Antioxidant capacity of prunes strongly correlated with total phenolic content and yellow and red colours measured in a CIELab system. However, no significant correlation between the acrylamide and antioxidative or organoleptic properties of prunes was observed. Moreover, it was noticed that bio production of plums did not demonstrate any positive impact on final acrylamide content or antioxidant capacity in comparison to conventional technology

In vitro studies on the relationship between the antioxidant activities of some berry extracts and their binding properties to serum albumin

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility to use the bioactive components from cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana), blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum), and cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) extracts as a novel source against oxidation in food supplementation. The quantitative analysis of bioactive compounds (polyphenols, flavonoids, flavanols, carotenoids, and chlorophyll) was based on radical scavenging spectrophometric assays and mass spectrometry. The total phenolic content was the highest (P < 0.05) in water extract of blueberries (46.6 ± 4.2 mg GAE/g DW). The highest antioxidant activities by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay and Cupric reducing antioxidant capacity were in water extracts of blueberries, showing 108.1 ± 7.2 and 131.1 ± 9.6 μMTE/g DW with correlation coefficients of 0.9918 and 0.9925, and by β-carotene linoleate assay at 80.1 ± 6.6 % with correlation coefficient of 0.9909, respectively. The water extracts of berries exhibited high binding properties with human serum albumin in comparison with quercetin. In conclusion, the bioactive compounds from a relatively new source of gooseberries in comparison with blueberries and cranberries have the potential as food supplementation for human health. The antioxidant and binding activities of berries depend on their bioactive compounds

The effects of a complex yoga-based intervention on healthy psychological functioning

BackgroundYoga based interventions were found to have a positive impact on various indicators of psychological functioning, such as perceived stress, satisfaction with life, positive and negative affectivity. Additionally, such interventions improved bodily or interoceptive awareness and spirituality.MethodsThe present study assessed the effects of a 3-month long complex yoga-based intervention compared to a passive control group in a Hungarian community sample. The final sample consisted of 44 intervention (Mage = 47.5, SD = = 8.76) and 29 control participants (Mage = 47.4, SD = 9.47). The aforementioned constructs were measured 1 week before and after the intervention.ResultsThe intervention reduced participants’ perceived stress (p = &lt;0.001, ηp2 = 0.153) and negative affectivity (p = 0.019, ηp2 = 0.113), improved spirituality (p = 0.048, ηp2 = 0.054) and various aspects of interoceptive awareness such as noticing (p = &lt;0.001, ηp2 = 0.169) attention regulation (p = &lt;0.001, ηp2 = 0.211), self-regulation (p = 0.002, ηp2 = 0.190) body listening (p = 0.010, ηp2 = 0.097), trusting (p = 0.026, ηp2 = 0.070), but did not impact positive affectivity and satisfaction with life.ConclusionA 3-months long complex yoga-based intervention has a positive impact on many aspects of healthy psychological functioning

Structured pharmacist-led intervention programme to improve medication adherence in COPD patients : a randomized controlled study

Background: COPD, a progressive, partly reversible condition with airflow limitation particularly warrants the inclusion of pharmacists in the healthcare team. Extreme physician scarcity severely limits the implementation of quality healthcare in India. Pharmacist-led educational intervention achieves smoking cessation and improves medication adherence. Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a clinical pharmacist-led intervention on medication adherence in COPD patients in a teaching hospital. Methods: In an open-labelled randomized controlled study at Kasturba Medical College Hospital, Manipal, India, patients were randomly assigned to two groups (Intervention group [IG] and Control group [CG]), and were matched for socio-demographics and clinical characteristics. Medication adherence was assessed by the Morisky, Green and Levine Medication Adherence Questionnaire (MAQ). In IG, pharmacist intervention placed emphasis on (1) compliance, (2) smoking cessation, (3) exercise, (4) inhaler use and (5) need for timely follow up. The MAQ assessment was repeated at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Data were analysed statistically by SPSS version 20.0. Results: Out of 328 patients screened during March 2012 to June 2013, 260 were recruited. Of these, 206 completed the follow-up (98 in CG and 104 in IG). Medication adherence improved significantly after pharmacist intervention in IG at all follow-up time points (P<0.001). It increased from 49% at the baseline to 80% after 24 months (P<0.001). Carelessness about taking medicines was one of the main reasons for non-adherence in COPD patients, but was effectively reduced by the intervention. Conclusions: This is the first randomized controlled trial in India that demonstrates the pivotal role of pharmacist-led educational intervention in improving medication adherence in COPD. Involving non-physician health professionals could be the best strategy, for resource-poor nations like India, because the current physician-centric healthcare has no emphasis on patient education and counseling