Smoothing estimates for non-dispersive equations

This paper describes an approach to global smoothing problems for non-dispersive equations based on ideas of comparison principle and canonical transformation established in authors' previous paper, where dispersive equations were treated. For operators $a(D_x)$ of order $m$ satisfying the dispersiveness condition $\nabla a(\xi)\neq0$ for $\xi\not=0$, the global smoothing estimate $$\|\langle x\rangle^{-s}|D_x|^{(m-1)/2}e^{ita(D_x)} \varphi(x)\|_{L^2(\mathbb R_t\times\mathbb R^n_x)} \leq C\|\varphi\|_{L^2(\mathbb R^n_x)} \quad {\rm(}s>1/2{\rm)}$$ is well-known, while it is also known to fail for non-dispersive operators. For the case when the dispersiveness breaks, we suggest the estimate in the form $$\|{\langle{x}\rangle^{-s}|\nabla a(D_x)|^{1/2} e^{it a(D_x)}\varphi(x)}\|_{L^2({\mathbb R_t\times\mathbb R^n_x})} \leq C\|{\varphi}\|_{L^2({\mathbb R^n_x})}\quad{\rm(}s>1/2{\rm)}$$ which is equivalent to the usual estimate in the dispersive case and is also invariant under canonical transformations for the operator $a(D_x)$. We show that this estimate and its variants do continue to hold for a variety of non-dispersive operators $a(D_x)$, where $\nabla a(\xi)$ may become zero on some set. Moreover, other types of such estimates, and the case of time-dependent equations are also discussed.Comment: 24 pages; the paper is to appear in Math. Ann. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:math/061227

Trace theorems: critical cases and best constants

The purpose of this paper is to present the critical cases of the trace theorems for the restriction of functions to closed surfaces, and to give the asymptotics for the norms of the traces under dilations of the surface. We also discuss the best constants for them.Comment: 11 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:math/061227

The inclusion relation between Sobolev and modulation spaces

The inclusion relations between the $L^p$-Sobolev spaces and the modulation spaces is determined explicitly. As an application, mapping properties of unimodular Fourier multiplier $e^{i|D|^\alpha}$ between $L^p$-Sobolev spaces and modulation spaces are discussed.Comment: 21 page

The dilation property of modulation spaces and their inclusion relation with Besov spaces

We consider the dilation property of the modulation spaces $M^{p,q}$. Let $D_\lambda:f(t)\mapsto f(\lambda t)$ be the dilation operator, and we consider the behavior of the operator norm $\|D_\lambda\|_{M^{p,q}\to M^{p,q}}$ with respect to $\lambda$. Our result determines the best order for it, and as an application, we establish the optimality of the inclusion relation between the modulation spaces and Besov space, which was proved by Toft.Comment: 23 page