The existence of common fixed point theorems of generalized contractive mappings in cone metric spaces

The purpose of this paper is to the study of the existence of common fixed point theorem for a sequence of self maps satisfying generalized contractive condition for a cone metrice space and obtains some new results in it. Also the paper contains generalized fixed point theorems of [10, 13, 19] and many others from the current literature.

Unique Fixed Point Theorems for Generalized Weakly Contractive Condition in Ordered Partial Metric Spaces

The aim of this paper to prove some fixed point theorems for generalized weakly contractive condition in ordered partial metric spaces. The result extend the main theorems of Nashine and altun[17] on the class of ordered partial metric ones. Keywords: - Partial metric, ordered set, fixed point, common fixed point. AMS subject classification: - 54H25, 47H10, 54E5

Variation in brachial plexus formation, branching pattern and relation with major vessels

Background: Anatomical variations in the formation, branching pattern and relations of the brachial plexus have been described in humans by many authors; however these have not been extensively catalogued. The aim of the study was to describe variations in brachial plexus formation, branching pattern and relation with major vessels.Methods: This study included thorough dissection of 60 brachial plexuses which belonged to 30 cadavers (male: female ratio = 28:02 ) with age range of 20-60 years, obtained from the Department of Anatomy, College of Medical Sciences (CMS-TH), following standard guidelines. Results: Out of 60 limbs dissected in present study, the variation in formation was found in 20 limbs (33.3%), out of which 12 limbs (20%) had variations in the trunk and 8 limbs (13.3%) had variations in the cord, remaining 40 limbs (66.6%) were normal in the formation of brachial plexus. Normal branching pattern of the posterior cord was encountered in 52 (86.67%) limbs, the remaining 8 (13.33%) being variants in one form or the other. The upper subscapular nerve, the thoracodorsal nerve, the lower subscapular nerve and the axillary nerve were found to arise normally in 91.66%, 96.66%, 96.66% and 98.33% of the limbs respectively.Conclusion: The present study carried out on adult human cadavers revealed some rare variations in the formation, branching pattern and relations of the brachial plexus. These variations are of clinical significance for the surgeons, radiologists and the anesthesiologists.

Effect of PEM on thyroid status, serum total protein and A/G ratio in pre-school going children

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare serum total protein, serum albumin and thyroid hormones in children with Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) and in healthy controls.Methods: Present study was a cross sectional hospital based case control study, total 75 children of age group 1-5 years were included in this study. Triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was estimated by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay method, serum total protein by biuret method, albumin by BCG method and plasma hemoglobin by CMG method. Result: In malnourished children, there is significant decrease in serum total protein (4.76 gm %), albumin (2.24 gm %) and Hb (10.57 gm %) as compared to normal healthy children. Serum T3 (0.51 ng/ml), and T4 (3.93 µg/ml) levels were significantly decreased and non-significant changes in TSH (4.26 µUI/ml) levels in children with PEM was observed as compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: The reduction in protein is due to decreased intake of proteins and reduced biosynthesis. The decreased in T3 and T4 levels in malnourished children is probably due to a decrease in circulating plasma proteins

Drowsy Driver Detection System (DDDS)

Driver weariness is one of the key causes of road mishaps in the world. Detecting the drowsiness of the driver can be one of the surest ways of quantifying driver fatigue. In this project we have developed an archetype drowsiness detection system. This mechanism works by monitoring the eyes of the driver and sounding an alarm when he/she feels heavy eyed. The system constructed is a non-intrusive real-time perceiving system. The priority is on improving the safety of the driver. In this mechanism the eye blink of the driver is detected. If the driver?s eyes remain closed for greater than a certain period of time, the driver is deemed to be tired and an alarm is sounded. The programming for this is carried out in OpenCV using the Haar cascade library for the detection of facial features

Drowsy Driver Detection System

Driver weariness is one of the key causes of road mishaps in the world. Detecting the drowsiness of the driver can be one of the surest ways of quantifying driver fatigue. In this project we aim to develop an archetype drowsiness detection system. This mechanism works by monitoring the eyes of the driver and sounding an alarm when he/she feels heavy eyed. The system so constructed is a non-intrusive real-time observing system. The primacy is on improving the safety of the driver. In this mechanism the eye blink of the driver is detected. If the driver’s eyes remain closed for more than a certain span of time, the driver is believed to be tired and an alarm is sounded. The programming for this is carried out in OpenCV using the Haar cascade library for the detection of facial features

Baryon squishing in synthetic dimensions by effectiveSU(M)gauge fields

The “synthetic dimension” proposal [A. Celi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 043001 (2014)] uses atoms with M internal states (“flavors”) in a one dimensional (1D) optical lattice, to realize a hopping Hamiltonian equivalent to the Hofstadter model (tight-binding model with a given magnetic flux per plaquette) on an M-sites-wide square lattice strip. We investigate the physics of SU (M) symmetric interactions in the synthetic dimension system. We show that this system is equivalent to particles [with SU (M) symmetric interactions] experiencing a SU (M) Zeeman field at each lattice site and a non-Abelian SU (M) gauge potential that affects their hopping. This equivalence brings out the possibility of generating nonlocal interactions between particles at different sites of the optical lattice. In addition, the gauge field induces a flavor-orbital coupling, which mitigates the “baryon breaking” effect of the Zeeman field. For M particles, concomitantly, the SU (M) singlet baryon which is site localized in the usual 1D optical lattice, is deformed to a nonlocal object (“squished baryon”). We conclusively demonstrate this effect by analytical arguments and exact (numerical) diagonalization studies. Our study promises a rich many-body phase diagram for this system. It also uncovers the possibility of using the synthetic dimension system to laboratory realize condensed-matter models such as the SU (M) random flux model, inconceivable in conventional experimental systems

Synthetic-Gauge-Field-Induced Resonances and Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov States in a One-Dimensional Optical Lattice

Coherent coupling generated by laser light between the hyperfine states of atoms, loaded in a one-dimensional (1D) optical lattice, gives rise to the “synthetic dimension” system which is equivalent to a Hofstadter model in a finite strip of square lattice. An SU(M) symmetric attractive interaction in conjunction with the synthetic gauge field present in this system gives rise to unusual effects. We study the two-body problem of the system using the T-matrix formalism. We show that the two-body ground states pick up a finite momentum and can transform into two-body resonancelike features in the scattering continuum with a large change in the phase shift. As a result, even for this 1D system, a critical amount of attraction is needed to form bound states. These phenomena have spectacular effects on the many-body physics of the system analyzed using the numerical density matrix renormalization group technique. We show that the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) states form in the system even for a “balanced” gas and the FFLO momentum of the pairs scales linearly with flux. Considering suitable measures, we investigate interesting properties of these states. We also discuss a possibility of realization of a generalized interesting topological model, called the Creutz ladder

Unconventional Phases of Attractive Fermi Gases in Synthetic Hall Ribbons

An innovative way to produce quantum Hall ribbons in a cold atomic system is to use M hyperfine states of atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice to mimic an additional “synthetic dimension.” A notable aspect here is that the SU(M) symmetric interaction between atoms manifests as “infinite ranged” along the synthetic dimension. We study the many-body physics of fermions with SU(M) symmetric attractive interactions in this system using a combination of analytical field-theoretic and numerical density-matrix renormalization-group methods. We uncover the rich ground-state phase diagram of the system, including unconventional phases such as squished baryon fluids, shedding light on many-body physics in low dimensions. Remarkably, changing the parameters entails interesting crossovers and transition; e.g., we show that increasing the magnetic field (that produces the Hall effect) converts a “ferrometallic” state at low fields to a “squished baryon superfluid” (with algebraic pairing correlations) at high fields. We also show that this system provides a unique opportunity to study quantum phase separation in a multi flavor ultracold fermionic system

Observing the Evolution of the Universe

How did the universe evolve? The fine angular scale (l>1000) temperature and polarization anisotropies in the CMB are a Rosetta stone for understanding the evolution of the universe. Through detailed measurements one may address everything from the physics of the birth of the universe to the history of star formation and the process by which galaxies formed. One may in addition track the evolution of the dark energy and discover the net neutrino mass. We are at the dawn of a new era in which hundreds of square degrees of sky can be mapped with arcminute resolution and sensitivities measured in microKelvin. Acquiring these data requires the use of special purpose telescopes such as the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT), located in Chile, and the South Pole Telescope (SPT). These new telescopes are outfitted with a new generation of custom mm-wave kilo-pixel arrays. Additional instruments are in the planning stages.Comment: Science White Paper submitted to the US Astro2010 Decadal Survey. Full list of 177 author available at http://cmbpol.uchicago.ed