Nonlinear elasticity and friction of liquid-crystalline polymer monolayers

In the present paper we consider nonlinear elasticity and friction of grafted persistent chains, which are highly stretched in the normal to the surface direction due to orientational interactions. We examine the normal and the lateral forces both in equilibrium and under shear sliding when the monolayer is confined by a bare surface. We show that in the confined monolayer in equilibrium the tilted orientation of the director becomes stable. In the sliding regime the friction force passes through a maximum value. The additional normal force in the sliding regime, when the distance between the surfaces is fixed, is also considered. We show that this force is attractive for small velocities and becomes repulsive for high velocities after the friction force passes through the maximum value

The Role of Personal and Immune Variables in the Development of Co-Morbid Affective and Related Psychopathological Syndromes in Partial Epilepsies in Relation to Handedness

The current study was performed in order to find the influence of premorbid personality traits and immune variables on psychopathological constructs including affective and related syndromes in patients with epilepsy separately for right-handers and left-handers. Ninety two patients with epilepsy have been included into the study. There were 85 right-handers and 7 left-handers. Assessment of psychopathological status of patients has been performed by using of Symptom Check List −90 (SCL-90) and the Hamilton rating scales for Depression and Anxiety. The Munich Personality test (MPT) was used for the assessment of personality trait. The amounts of different lymphocytes clusters were calculated. The multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to find the relationships between personality, immunity variables and affective and related psychopathological syndromes separately for right-handers and left-handers.In the right-handers significant relationships between the Neuroticism level (MPT) and value of HAM-D, Depression construct (SCL-90), Anxiety (SCL-90), Obsessions (SCL-90) and Phobia construct (SCL-90) have been obtained. In the left-handers stochastically significant correlations between Regulatory Index (CD4/CD8) with Depression construct (SCL-90) and Obsession construct (SCL-90) were revealed. Premorbid personality traits determine the affective, anxiety, obsessive and phobia syndromes strictly in right-handed patients with epilepsy, while immunity variables (CD4/CD) quite the contrary predispose to affective and obsessive syndromes strictly in left-handed patients

Normal families of functions and groups of pseudoconformal diffeomorphisms of quaternion and octonion variables

This paper is devoted to the specific class of pseudoconformal mappings of quaternion and octonion variables. Normal families of functions are defined and investigated. Four criteria of a family being normal are proven. Then groups of pseudoconformal diffeomorphisms of quaternion and octonion manifolds are investigated. It is proven, that they are finite dimensional Lie groups for compact manifolds. Their examples are given. Many charactersitic features are found in comparison with commutative geometry over $\bf R$ or $\bf C$.Comment: 55 pages, 53 reference

ПЭТ-КТ КАРТИНА ДИССЕМИНАЦИИ ДОБРОКАЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ЛЕЙОМИОМЫ

The ability to metastasize is considered to be one of the key features of malignant tumors. However, the literature describes the possibility of dissemination of histologically verified benign tumors – uterine leiomyoma. Diagnosis of metastatic leiomyoma is a challenging task for the doctor, due to the extreme rarity of this disease, at the same time revealing the purity of the process is determining the further tactics of treatment, significantly different from the treatment of malignancies. Case report. We presented a rare case of dissemination of benign tumors – leiomyomas. The female patient of 72 years old had signs of typical malignant tumors of the ovaries, such as nodules of the abdominal cavity, ascites and metastases in the body of the lumbar vertebra, increased level of CA-125. PET-CT revealed increased FDG uptake in soft-tissue neoplasm that destruct the body of the lumbar vertebrae and the nodules in the abdominal cavity with increased metabolic activity, typical for malignant tumors. However, histological examination with immunohistochemical verification confirmed the presence of dissemination of benign tumors. Conclusion. The presence of signs, typical for the malignant tumor, such as the presence of distant metastases of various localizations, a high level of CA-125 tumor marker, increased metabolic activity on PET scan in rare cases, may occur with benign tumors. Therefore, diagnosis of tumors should always be integrated, with the obligatory account all available clinical, laboratory and instrumental data.Актуальность. Способность к метастазированию считается одним из ключевых признаков злокачественных опухолей. Однако в литературе описана возможность диссеминации гистологически верифицированных доброкачественных опухолей – лейомиом матки. Диагностика метастазирующей лейомиомы является сложной задачей из-за исключительной редкости данной патологии, в то же время выявление доброкачественности процесса определяет тактику лечения, которая существенно отличается от подходов к терапии злокачественных новообразований. Описание клинического случая. Приводим наблюдение редкого случая диссеминации лейомиомы. У пациентки 72 лет имелись признаки, типичные для злокачественного образования яичников: узловые образования брюшной полости, асцит, метастаз в тело поясничного позвонка, высокий уровень СА-125. По данным ПЭТ-КТ в мягкотканном образовании, разрушающем тело поясничного позвонка, и крупнейшем образовании брюшной полости имелось повышение метаболической активности, типичное для злокачественных опухолей. Однако гистологическое и иммуногистохимическое исследования подтвердили диссеминацию доброкачественной опухоли. Заключение. Наличие признаков, свидетельствующих о наличии злокачественного новообразования, таких как отдаленные метастазы и высокий уровень онкомаркера СА-125, повышенная метаболическая активность по данным ПЭТ в редких случаях может наблюдаться при доброкачественных опухолях.

Impact of Anesthesia Method on Immune Response in Patients Undergoing Radical Surgery for Breast Cancer (a Meta-Analysis of Comparative Clinical Studies)

Introduction and aim. Recent evidence suggests that inhalation anesthesia (IA) is associated with higher cancer mortality than total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), possibly due to a modulation of the immune response.The aim of this study was to determine the impact of anesthesia techniques on selected parameters of patient immunity considering the evidence of relationship between the anesthesia methods and immune status and, consequently, the incidence of cancer recurrence.Methods. We performed a meta-analysis of clinical studies published in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases, aimed at assessing the impact of anesthesia on the postoperative immune status of patients undergoing breast cancer (BC) surgery. Five randomized and three observational studies were included (a total of 637 patients, of which 320 (50.2%) in the TIVA group). Data on leukocyte counts, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 9 and 3, interleukins (IL) 6 and 10 levels, and neutrophil-lymphocyte index (NLI) values were retrieved.Results. Patients after breast cancer surgery who underwent TIVA had significantly lower white blood cell counts (standardized mean difference (SMD)=–0.32; 95% CI: –0.58 to –0.06; I2=58%, P=0.020) and MMP-9 (SMD=–0.35; 95% CI: –0.67 to –0.03; P=0.030; I2=0%) in the postoperative period compared with patients receiving IA. No significant differences in the levels of MMP-3, IL-6, IL-10, and NLI values were found between the two groups.Conclusion. The patients who underwent breast cancer surgery under TIVA had lower blood leukocyte counts and levels of MMP-9, which is involved in the remodeling of extracellular matrix, compared with those operated on under IA, suggesting that the anesthesia method may have an impact on the immunity of breast cancer patients

Хроническое воспаление и микрофлора ЛОР-органов у больных с рассеянным склерозом

The paper presents the results of the analysis of nasal cavity and stomatopharynx condition in the group of patients with multiple sclerosis. Microflora, immunological status and inflammatory changes of mucous membranes are studied. In the group of patients with multiple sclerosis the frequency of dysbiotical changes and chronic ENT diseases is higher than in the group of comparison. The correlation between frequency of dysbiosis and immunological status disturbances is shown.Проведен анализ состояния полости носа и ротоглотки у больных с рассеянным склерозом путем изучения микрофлоры, оценки воспалительных изменений слизистых оболочек с исследованием иммунологического статуса. Выявлена большая частота хронических ЛОР-заболеваний в сравнении с группой контроля, коррелирующая с дисбиотическими изменениями. Количество дисбиозов коррелирует с выраженностью аутоиммунного процесса, и имеется взаимосвязь между дисбиозами и показателями системного иммунитета

Особенности клинических проявлений отдаленных последствий закрытой черепно-мозговой травмы

The clinical characteristic of the remote consequences of the closed cranio-cerebral trauma оn the basis of complex neurological, psychophysiological, electrophysiological inspection 171 patients was given. The big variety of clinical symptoms is stacked in displays of a syndrome of intracranial hypertensia, vegetovascular and neurotic syndromes. Allocation of the specified syndromes was proved by results of laboratory researches of patients. It is established, that at younger age (25—35 years old) at patients after the closed craniocerebral trauma it is formed a syndrome of intracranial hypertensia, in more senior period of a life (35—45 years old) displays of vegetovascular and neurotic syndromes take place.На основании комплексного неврологического, психофизиологического, электрофизиологического обследования 171 больного дана клиническая характеристика отдаленных последствий закрытой черепно-мозговой травмы. Большое разнообразие клинических симптомов укладываются в проявления гипертензионно-гидроцефального, вегетативно-сосудистого и астеноневротического синдромов. Выделение указанных синдромов обосновывалось результатами лабораторных исследований больных (КТ, МРТ, РЭГ, ЭЭГ, офтальмоскопия, вегетативные пробы). Установлено, что в более молодом возрасте (25-35 лет) у больных после ЗЧМТ формируется гипертензионно-гидроцефальный синдром, в более старшем периоде жизни (35-45 лет) имеют место проявления вегетативно-сосудистого и астеноневротического синдромов