Estadística en la toma de decisiones

El objetivo de la aplicación de cualquier técnica estadística va a estar orientado siempre hacia la mejora del nivel de eficiencia en la toma de decisiones. En este sentido, una gestión óptima se caracterizará por una utilización racional y sensible de estos recursos, tanto económicos como naturales será compatible con la maximización de beneficios

Aproximación al paratexto de las ediciones del siglo XVI de las Obras de Boscán y algunas de Garcilaso de la Vega

De acuerdo con la codificación del paratexto de G.Genette, se analizan los elementos paratextuales de las ediciones de esta obra (prólogos, dedicatorias e índices) publicadas en las distintas tipografías europeas durante el siglo xvi. Se han cotejado fundamentalmente ejemplares depositados en la Biblioteca Nacional de España. Dicho análisis desvela aspectos relativos al contexto cultural y editorial y se infiere que tales ediciones, con escaso cuidado en la tipografía, formaron parte de un circuito de producción editorial de «consumo» en el que es capital la intermediación del editor/impresor y la competitividad en el mercado de la edición de la época.This essay analyzes, according to G. Genette's definition of paratext, the paratextual elements (prologues, dedications, indexes) of the different editions of the Boscan's work published in 16th century European printing houses. Through the comparison of copies in the Biblioteca Nacional de España, this analysis reveals several aspects of the cultural and editorial context and concludes that these editions, that present a poor typography, were devoted to an editorial consuming market where the mediation of the editor / printer and the competitiveness in the editorial marked of the century were capital

Fragmentos de una reflexión sobre literatura y fotografía

La interrelación literatura/fotografía supone un campo de investigación muy amplio y complejo, por lo que este trabajo consiste en un trazado general señalando los momentos más significativos de la historia de dicha interrelación en nuestra cultura europea más inmediata. Se parte de la perspectiva de la literatura y de la fotografía como medios de comunicación. Su diferente naturaleza pone de manifiesto una confluencia básica: el arte y la industria. Se considera como antecedente y referente inmediato la relación literatura/pintura para analizar el impacto causado por la aparición de la fotografía. Se perfila un itinerario que va desde la desconfianza inicial de los escritores (al no ser este nuevo medio un producto artístico), hasta su plena aceptación y enriquecimientos recíprocos entre ambos medios. En este camino se deducen dos líneas de interacción literatura/fotografía hasta desembocar en un producto híbrido con autonomía propia: la fotonovela. Se concluye con la reflexión sobre un nuevo destino para ambos medios en el campo común del mundo digital.The interrelation between literature and photography is a wide and complex field of study. This is a general overview in which the main aspects of this interrelation are highlighted. The history of literature and photography as mass media is taken as a point of departure and their overlapping aspects are studied in order to see the connexion between arts and industry. This relationship is seen as both an antecedent as well as an immediate reference for this appearance of photography. A path can be traced from the first writers suspiciouness (due to the fact that photography was not considered an artistic product), until the whole acceptance and following success of both means. Two lines can be observed between this interaction of literature and photography to finally give origin to a new independent genre: the «photonovel». It ends with the reflection about a new kind of interaction between both media in the common ground for digital world

La Reconstrucció de la memòria escolar a través de les autobiografies = The reconstruction of school memory through autobiographies

En aquest article l'autora rememora el seu passat escolar i, al seu torn, ens invita a un viatge a la nostra infància per tal de reviure els nostres records escolars. D'una banda, destaca la importància de les nostres veus, de la nostra veu, en el procés de creació de coneixement pedagògic. Per una altra banda, posa de relleu les possibilitats de les experiències escolars —de les pròpies, però també de les d'altri— per tal de reviure un passat escolar que s'afaiçona a manera d'un ric cabal d'informació historicopedagògica. En aquest sentit, es palesa la rellevància dels llibres que, a través de la memòria, han reconstruït la vida en les aules, a la vegada que emfasitza el paper dels càstigs en els records escolars.In this article the author recalls her school life and in turn invites us to take a trip back to our own childhood to relive our school memories. On the one hand, she emphasises the importance of our voices, of our voice, in the process of creation of pedagogical knowledge. Moreover, she emphasises the possibilities of school experiences —our own, but also those of others— in order to relive a school past which is moulded into a rich source of historical and pedagogical information. In this sense, particular prominence is afforded to the relevance of books which, through memory, have reconstructed life in the classroom, while underlining the role of punishment in school memories

Presencia cavalcantiana en dos sonetos de Francisco de Figueroa.

Sin resume

Menores en el campo migratorio transnacional. Los niños del centro (Drari d'sentro)

El artículo analiza el estudio de caso de «menores no acompañados» de Marruecos para mostrar cómo ha prevalecido, tanto en la investigación académica como en la gestión política, una concepción de los menores que migran sólos que no incorpora la agencia como sujetos que su novilidad a través de las fronteras manifiesta, generando una deficiente e ineficaz construcción de los mismos bien como víctimas o como criminales. A partir de una propuesta teórica y metodológica que conceptualiza estos menores como nuevos actores migratorios, el trabajo presenta los resultados de la investigación sobre sus vínculos familiares, las relaciones con sus padres, y sus procesos migratorios como configurados a través de una tensa relación entre la Ley de Extranjería y la Ley de Protección del Menor. El artículo se basa en el trabajo de campo realizado en España y Marruecos, y muestra el modo en que los estados involucrados manipulan la dependencia y/o autonomía de estos menores a través de acuerdos políticos, creando una tendencia de exclusión creciente de estos menores de un sistema de protección en el país receptor del que ellos se reivindican como titulares.The article analyzes the study case of «Non Accompanied Minors» from Morocco to show how a conception of minors who migrate alone without actively incorporating their agency as subject crossing international borders, precludes a correct and efficient work in both academic research and policies which informs dominant conceptions of them as wither victims or criminals. A new theoretical and methodological proposal of these minors as new migratory actors thus informs the findings of our research on their familial networks, the relations with their parents, and their migratory processes as shaped by a strained articulation of Alien Law and Minor Protection Law. The article is based on fieldwork in Spain and Morocco, and shows how the States involved manipulate minors' dependency or autonomy through political agreements creating an even-increasing exclusionary tendency of minors from the protection system they are claiming to be entitled to

La recepción del Petrarquismo en España a través de los comentaristas: hipótesis de trabajo

Our aim is to continue the studies on the handwritten and printed copies of the Canzoniere in the Iberian Peninsula, paying special attention to the internal order of the compositions, not analyzed by previous critics. During the Renaissance, the important structural innovation accomplished by Petrarch in his book was not always appreciated nor respected: in different anthologies the metrical criterion was given priority over the original structure, which was then desintegrated, its adeguate transmission being consequently hindered. Most editions follow the Malatesta order, and from the Aldo edition in 1501 onwards the Vatican order is the most frequent. In the second Aldo edition the title of the second part was changed, focusing on the love story, and not on the moral and ethic reflexions of the author. It does not seem that the several commentators, whose diffusion in Spain has been very wide, although this question still deserves a serious study, have contributed to the transmission of the original and complete structure; neither Filelfo, nor Gesualdo, nor Vellutello thought that the order of the poems was due to Petrarch, so they felt free to introduce modifications, as Vellutello’ s tripartition

Consumer Dynamics in a Nonmature Generic Drugs Market: A Causal Model Explaining Intention to Purchase in Spain

El título de la revista pasó a ser Therapeutic Innovation & RegulatoryGovernments concerned with the rising cost of pharmaceuticals are striving to promote the use of generic drugs. To develop non-mature markets, demand-side policies are essential in considering the consumer's active role in the decision-making process. Our model studies the causal relationships influencing consumer purchase intention, including: perceived risk, experience, information provided by a physician and pharmacist as antecedents. The main results of a survey of 560 individuals indicate that perceived risk and experience directly influences the purchase motivation. Experience reduces the risk and physicians' advice slightly increases perceived risk. Market developers of generic drugs should coordinate strategies to include the three agents involved (physicians, pharmacists and consumers), in order to decrease perceived risk and so increase consumer trust in generic drugs.This research was carried out within the framework of two research projects: "Relationship Marketing: from brand equity to customer equity" financed by the Spanish Ministry of Education (ECO2008-00488) and "INNOGROUP-CM" financed by the Autonomous Community of Madrid (S2007/HUM-0413)

Store brands: shelf space in different categories and retail chains

This paper analyses if the shelf space occupied by store brands in the points of sale is excessive confirming the national brands manufacturers’ opinions. Data were collected from 40 product categories in 55 retail stores. We draw conclusions about the existence of differences among product categories and chains. We also observe if the distribution companies hare arrived a maximum shelf space point and if the space occupied by their brands has a correspondence with their market share. The results allow us to understand retailers’ behaviour in their outlets. We point out some marketing actions that retailers and manufacturers could follow in order to get a better management of their own brands.Store brands, national brands, categories, retail chains

Minerales del grupo de la alunita en el yacimiento de caolinita de Tamame de Sayago (Zamora)

Depto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEArcillas y Feldespatos Río Pirón (Tamame, Zamora)Castilla y León. Juntapu