Modenhetsmodell For Måling Av Datadrevenhet i Organisasjoner

Med en økende grad av tilgjengelig data skapes det en forventing til organisasjoner om at de skal bli datadrevne. En datadreven organisasjon kjennetegnes av at de lykkes i å bruke data for å ta valg og skape verdi for organisasjonen. Organisasjoner har ofte en forståelse av hvorfor man burde være datadrevne. Det er allikevel uklart hvordan man skal gå frem for å skape en datadreven organisasjon. Vi har utviklet en modenhetsmodell som kan kartlegge organisasjoners modenhet, når det kommer til å ta i bruk data og analyse i beslutningstagning. Modellen er utviklet etter forskningsmetoden "Design Science Research" og evaluert grundig i samarbeid med en casebedrift. Formålet til modellen er å gi en indikasjon på graden av analytisk modenhet innenfor ulike enheter i en organisasjon, som kan brukes for å utvikle et overordnet veikart for videre utvikling

Improving Coping Skills and Promoting Social and Emotional Competence in Pre-Schoolers: A Pilot Study on COPE-R Program

Developing children’s ability to manage or cope with difficult situations and problems at a young age prepares them for future challenges, and enables them to experience greater success in life. Positive social interactions and self-regulation of emotions are two key competencies in helping a child cope effectively. This paper reports the change in the coping strategies that four to five years old preschool children demonstrated in challenging situations, and in behaviours that reflected their social emotional competence, after participating in a five-week teacher-led COPE-R program. The COPE-R program focuses on developing empathy and prosocial skills in young children. The outcome of the program was evaluated based on the development of social and emotional competence, measured by rating scales completed by parents and teachers. In addition, the development of coping skills was evaluated based on young children’s personal responses to six age-appropriate challenging situations through a semi-structured interview, and by rating scales completed by parents and teachers. The results of this pilot study provide support for the benefits of an early childhood program such as COPE-R, which promotes development in preschoolers’ social-emotional competence as well as their repertoire of coping strategies in challenging situations

Changes in weight and health behaviors after pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus: The CARDIA Study

We compared pre- to post-pregnancy change in weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, diet and physical activity in women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Using the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study we identified women with at least one pregnancy during 20 years of follow-up (n=1,488 with 3,125 pregnancies). We used linear regression with generalized estimating equations to compare pre- to post-pregnancy changes in health behaviors and anthropometric measurements between 137 GDM pregnancies and 1,637 non GDM pregnancies, adjusted for parity, age at delivery, outcome measure at the pre-pregnancy exam, race, education, mode of delivery, and interval between delivery and post-pregnancy examination.Compared with women without GDM in pregnancy, women with GDM had higher pre-pregnancy mean weight (158.3 vs. 149.6 lb, p=0.011) and BMI (26.7 vs. 25.1 kg/m2, p=0.002), but non-significantly lower total daily caloric intake and similar levels of physical activity. Both GDM and non GDM groups had higher average postpartum weight of 7–8 lbs and decreased physical activity on average 1.4 years after pregnancy. Both groups similarly increased total caloric intake but reduced fast food frequency. Pre- to post- pregnancy changes in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, physical activity and diet did not differ between women with and without GDM in pregnancy.Following pregnancy women with and without GDM increased caloric intake, BMI and weight, decreased physical activity, but reduced their frequency of eating fast food. Given these trends, postpartum lifestyle interventions, particularly for women with GDM, are needed to reduce obesity and diabetes risk

MyEcoCost - forming the nucleus of a novel environmental accounting system: vision, prototype and way forward

The innovative software system "myEcoCost" enables to gather and communicate resource and environmental data for products and services in global value chains. The system has been developed in the consortium of the European research project myEcoCost and forms a basis of a new, highly automated environmental accounting system für companies and consumers. The prototype of the system, linked to financial accounting of companies, was developed and tested in close collaboration with large and small companies. This brochure gives a brief introduction to the vision linked to myEcoCost: a network formed by collaborative environmental accounting nodes collecting environmental data at each step in a product's value chains. It shows why better life cycle data are needed and how myEcoCost addresses and solves this problem. Furthermore, it presents options for a future upscaling of highly automated environmenal accounting for prodcuts and services

Efficacy of EGFR Inhibition Is Modulated by Model, Sex, Genetic Background and Diet: Implications for Preclinical Cancer Prevention and Therapy Trials

Molecule-targeted therapies are being widely developed and deployed, but they are frequently less effective in clinical trials than predicted based upon preclinical studies. Frequently, only a single model or genetic background is utilized using diets that are not relevant to that consumed by most cancer patients, which may contribute to the lack of predictability of many preclinical therapeutic studies. Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in colorectal cancer was used to investigate potential causes for low predictive values of many preclinical studies. The efficacy of the small molecule EGFR inhibitor AG1478 was evaluated using two mouse models, ApcMin/+ and azoxymethane (AOM), both sexes on three genetic backgrounds, C57BL/6J (B6) and A/J (A) inbred strains and AB6F1 hybrids, and two diets, standard chow (STD) or Western-style diet (WD). AG1478 has significant anti-tumor activity in the B6-ApcMin/+ model with STD but only moderately on the WD and in the AOM model on an A background with a WD but not STD. On the F1 hybrid background AG1478 is effective in the ApcMin/+ model with either STD or WD, but has only moderate efficacy in the AOM model with either diet. Sex differences were also observed. Unexpectedly, the level of liver EGFR phosphorylation inhibition by AG1478 was not positively correlated with inhibition of tumor growth in the AOM model. Model-dependent interactions between genetic background and diet can dramatically impact preclinical results, and indicate that low predictive values of preclinical studies can be attributed to study designs that do not account for the heterogeneous patient population or the diets they consume. Better-designed preclinical studies should lead to more accurate predictions of therapeutic response in the clinic

Copy number variant discrepancy resolution using the ClinGen dosage sensitivity map results in updated clinical interpretations in ClinVar

Conflict resolution in genomic variant interpretation is a critical step toward improving patient care. Evaluating interpretation discrepancies in copy number variants (CNVs) typically involves assessing overlapping genomic content with focus on genes/regions that may be subject to dosage sensitivity (haploinsufficiency (HI) and/or triplosensitivity (TS)). CNVs containing dosage sensitive genes/regions are generally interpreted as â likely pathogenicâ (LP) or â pathogenicâ (P), and CNVs involving the same known dosage sensitive gene(s) should receive the same clinical interpretation. We compared the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) Dosage Map, a publicly available resource documenting known HI and TS genes/regions, against germline, clinical CNV interpretations within the ClinVar database. We identified 251 CNVs overlapping known dosage sensitive genes/regions but not classified as LP or P; these were sent back to their original submitting laboratories for reâ evaluation. Of 246 CNVs reâ evaluated, an updated clinical classification was warranted in 157 cases (63.8%); no change was made to the current classification in 79 cases (32.1%); and 10 cases (4.1%) resulted in other types of updates to ClinVar records. This effort will add curated interpretation data into the public domain and allow laboratories to focus attention on more complex discrepancies.The ClinGen Dosage Sensitivity (DS) Map provides evidenceâ based assessments of the haploinsufficiency and triplosensitivity of genes/genomic regions. We identified 251 clinical copy number variants (CNVs) in ClinVar that overlapped known DS genes/regions but were not interpreted as â likely pathogenicâ or â pathogenic;â these were sent back to their original laboratories for reâ evaluation. Of the 246 that were reâ evaluated, 63.0% resulted in updated classifications, showing that the ClinGen DS Map can be an effective initial step in CNV classification discrepancy resolution.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146425/1/humu23610_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146425/2/humu23610.pd

Draxin acts as a molecular rheostat of canonical Wnt signaling to control cranial neural crest EMT

Neural crest cells undergo a spatiotemporally regulated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that proceeds head to tailward to exit from the neural tube. In this study, we show that the secreted molecule Draxin is expressed in a transient rostrocaudal wave that mirrors this emigration pattern, initiating after neural crest specification and being down-regulated just before delamination. Functional experiments reveal that Draxin regulates the timing of cranial neural crest EMT by transiently inhibiting canonical Wnt signaling. Ectopic maintenance of Draxin in the cranial neural tube blocks full EMT; while cells delaminate, they fail to become mesenchymal and migratory. Loss of Draxin results in premature delamination but also in failure to mesenchymalize. These results suggest that a pulse of intermediate Wnt signaling triggers EMT and is necessary for its completion. Taken together, these data show that transient secreted Draxin mediates proper levels of canonical Wnt signaling required to regulate the precise timing of initiation and completion of cranial neural crest EMT

Correction to:A two million year record of low-latitude aridity linked to continental weathering from the Maldives (Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, (2018), 5, 1, (86), 10.1186/s40645-018-0238-x)

In the original version of this article (Kunkelova et al. 2018), published on 18 December 2018, there was 1 error in the author name of Dr. Yu