Study of the treatment of tuberculosis cutis with calciferol

1. Calciferol treatment produced clinical and histological healing in fifteen out of forty cases of tuberculosis cutis (lupus vulgaris). 2. Effective therapeutic action was found on the tubercle systems of Lupus Vulgaris. 3. The findings tend to indicate that this action is nonspecific. 4. Histopathological assay of the disease at intervals during treatment revealed the structural changes involved in the chemotherapeutic effect of the drug. 5. Histologically the action of calciferol on tuberculosis cutis is found to be resolution of the tubercle systems, starting with the epithelioid cells and followed by the lymphocytic and mononuclear cell exudates, leaving a variable residuum of fibrous connective tissue. 6. The findings support the view that the mode of action of calciferol is by promoting the cellular metabolic disposal of irritant substances arising from tubercle bacilli; that it occurs in the cytoplasm of the phagocytic cells; and that this is adequate only in dealing with small quantities of such substances. 7. No special or characteristic type of fibrosis follows calciferol therapy but there is no apparent resolution of fibrous or scar tissue already created by the disease process. 8. The disease is capable of reactivation from persistent microscopic foci remaining after apparent clinical healing if treatment is insufficiently prolonged. It is necessary to continue treatment or to give a repeat course of the drug to ensure against such relapses. 9. Doses of 150,000 i.u. daily of calciferol are well tolerated by the average case and can be safely com- bined with ultraviolet light irradiation without causing toxic effects. 10. Local application of calciferol to the diseased area in a concentration of 5000 i.u. per gm. of cold cream base is found to accelerate clinical healing in lupus vulgaris. 11. In Lupus Vulgaris the period of administration is primarily governed by the clinical state of the patient. In the absence of any toxic manifestations the average case may continue treatment for 6 -12 months by which time any significant benefit should have resulted. 12. Confirmation of healing is made by histopathological examination of biopsy material from the lesions. 13. All treated cases should be reviewed at intervals of three to six months for at least several years, if not for life

Deer-from field to table

W. C. Stringer, Viola Smith, and H. D. Naumann (Food Science and Nutrition Department, College of Agriculture)New 12/7

Deer--from field to table

"One of the problems facing a deer hunter is what to do with the deer after it is killed. Most hunters want a trophy as well as the meat. Deer meat, or venison, is nutritious and as versatile as beef; however, the eating quality or acceptability is greatly influenced by the hunter's actions immediately after the deer is killed. The hunter needs a sharp hunting knife with at least a four-inch blade, some strong twine or string, and a nylon or other strong rope for hanging or transporting the carcass."--First page.W.C. Stringer, Viola Smith, H.D. Naumann (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture)Reviewed and reprinted 8/87/10

Deer-from field to table

W. C. Stringer, Viola Smith, and H. D. Naumann (Food Science and Nutrition Department, College of Agriculture)Revised 11/81/10

Християнсько-демократичні ідеї та деструктивні дії функціонерів ХДПУ

У статті аналізуються та вивчаються деструктивні дії політичних функціонерів у діяльності Християнсько-демократичної партії України.The paper contains the analysis and the research of political functionaries’ destructive actions in activity of the Christian Democratic Party of Ukraine

Resting state connectivity and cognitive performance in adults with cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy

Cognitive impairment is an inevitable feature of cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), affecting executive function, attention and processing speed from an early stage. Impairment is associated with structural markers such as lacunes, but associations with functional connectivity have not yet been reported. Twenty-two adults with genetically-confirmed CADASIL (11 male; aged 49.8 ± 11.2 years) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging at rest. Intrinsic attentional/executive networks were identified using group independent components analysis. A linear regression model tested voxel-wise associations between cognitive measures and component spatial maps, and Pearson correlations were performed with mean intra-component connectivity z-scores. Two frontoparietal components were associated with cognitive performance. Voxel-wise analyses showed an association between one component cluster and processing speed (left middle temporal gyrus; peak −48, −18, −14; ZE = 5.65, pFWEcorr = 0.001). Mean connectivity in both components correlated with processing speed (r = 0.45, p = 0.043; r = 0.56, p = 0.008). Mean connectivity in one component correlated with faster Trailmaking B minus A time (r = −0.77, p < 0.001) and better executive performance (r = 0.56, p = 0.011). This preliminary study provides evidence for associations between cognitive performance and attentional network connectivity in CADASIL. Functional connectivity may be a useful biomarker of cognitive performance in this population

Beef carcass grading and evaluation

Evaluation of beef quality and composition is important to cattle producers, meat packers and retailers, and consumers. Consumers desire cuts of beef which are lean, nutritious, and possess desirable eating characteristics. Meat researchers have developed reliable methods for measuring the factors that influence eating characteristics and factors affecting yield of lean cuts. Using these evaluation techniques, producers and packers can produce and sell carcasses that meet consumer demand. This guide has information about standard U.S. Department of Agriculture beef carcass yield and quality grading systems. Other useful and accurate evaluation procedures will also be introduced. Beef carcass grading is divided into quality grading and yield grading.David R. Jones and W. C. Stringer (Food Science and Nutrition Department, College of Agriculture)New 4/79/8

Trail Pheromone Disruption of Argentine Ant Trail Formation and Foraging

Trail pheromone disruption of invasive ants is a novel tactic that builds on the development of pheromonebased pest management in other insects. Argentine ant trail pheromone, (Z)-9-hexadecenal, was formulated as a microencapsulated sprayable particle and applied against Argentine ant populations in 400 m2 field plots in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. A widely dispersed point source strategy for trail pheromone disruption was used. Traffic rates of ants in bioassays of treated filter paper, protected from rainfall and sunlight, indicated the presence of behaviorally significant quantities of pheromone being released from the formulation for up to 59 days. The proportion of plots, under trade wind conditions (2–3 m s−1), with visible trails was reduced for up to 14 days following treatment, and the number of foraging ants at randomly placed tuna-bait cards was similarly reduced. The success of these trail pheromone disruption trials in a natural ecosystem highlights the potential of this method for control of invasive ant species in this and other environments

Genomic and physiological variability within Group II (non-proteolytic) Clostridium botulinum

BACKGROUND: Clostridium botulinum is a group of four physiologically and phylogenetically distinct bacteria that produce botulinum neurotoxin. While studies have characterised variability between strains of Group I (proteolytic) C. botulinum, the genetic and physiological variability and relationships between strains within Group II (non-proteolytic) C. botulinum are not well understood. In this study the genome of Group II strain C. botulinum Eklund 17B (NRP) was sequenced and used to construct a whole genome DNA microarray. This was used in a comparative genomic indexing study to compare the relatedness of 43 strains of Group II C. botulinum (14 type B, 24 type E and 5 type F). These results were compared with characteristics determined from physiological tests. RESULTS: Whole genome indexing showed that strains of Group II C. botulinum isolated from a wide variety of environments over more than 75 years clustered together indicating the genetic background of Group II C. botulinum is stable. Further analysis showed that strains forming type B or type F toxin are closely related with only toxin cluster genes targets being unique to either type. Strains producing type E toxin formed a separate subset. Carbohydrate fermentation tests supported the observation that type B and F strains form a separate subset to type E strains. All the type F strains and most of type B strains produced acid from amylopectin, amylose and glycogen whereas type E strains did not. However, these two subsets did not differ strongly in minimum growth temperature or maximum NaCl concentration for growth. No relationship was found between tellurite resistance and toxin type despite all the tested type B and type F strains carrying tehB, while the sequence was absent or diverged in all type E strains. CONCLUSIONS: Although Group II C. botulinum form a tight genetic group, genomic and physiological analysis indicates there are two distinct subsets within this group. All type B strains and type F strains are in one subset and all type E strains in the other

Pan-Genomic Analysis of Clostridium botulinum Group II (Non-Proteolytic C. botulinum) Associated with Foodborne Botulism and Isolated from the Environment

The neurotoxin formed by Clostridium botulinum Group II is a major cause of foodborne botulism, a deadly intoxication. This study aims to understand the genetic diversity and spread of C. botulinum Group II strains and their neurotoxin genes. A comparative genomic study has been conducted with 208 highly diverse C. botulinum Group II strains (180 newly sequenced strains isolated from 16 countries over 80 years, 28 sequences from Genbank). Strains possessed a single type B, E, or F neurotoxin gene or were closely related strains with no neurotoxin gene. Botulinum neurotoxin subtype variants (including novel variants) with a unique amino acid sequence were identified. Core genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis identified two major lineages—one with type E strains, and the second dominated by subtype B4 strains with subtype F6 strains. This study revealed novel details of population structure/diversity and established relationships between whole-genome lineage, botulinum neurotoxin subtype variant, association with foodborne botulism, epidemiology, and geographical source. Additionally, the genome sequences represent a valuable resource for the research community (e.g., understanding evolution of C. botulinum and its neurotoxin genes, dissecting key aspects of C. botulinum Group II biology). This may contribute to improved risk assessments and the prevention of foodborne botulism