A randomized prospective long-term (\u3e 1 year) clinical trial comparing the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation to 980nm laser ablation of the great saphenous vein

Purpose To compare the short- and long-term (\u3e1 year) efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (ClosureFAST™) versus endovenous laser ablation (980 nm diode laser) for the treatment of superficial venous insufficiency of the great saphenous vein. Materials and methods Two hundred patients with superficial venous insufficiency of the great saphenous vein were randomized to receive either radiofrequency ablation or endovenous laser ablation (and simultaneous adjunctive therapies for surface varicosities when appropriate). Post-treatment sonographic and clinical assessment was conducted at one week, six weeks, and six months for closure, complications, and patient satisfaction. Clinical assessment of each patient was conducted at one year and then at yearly intervals for patient satisfaction. Results Post-procedure pain (p \u3c 0.0001) and objective post-procedure bruising (p = 0.0114) were significantly lower in the radiofrequency ablation group. Improvements in venous clinical severity score were noted through six months in both groups (endovenous laser ablation 6.6 to 1; radiofrequency ablation 6.2 to 1) with no significant difference in venous clinical severity score (p = 0.4066) or measured adverse effects; 89 endovenous laser ablation and 87 radiofrequency patients were interviewed at least 12 months out with a mean long-term follow-up of 44 and 42 months (p = 0.1096), respectively. There were four treatment failures in each group, and every case was correctable with further treatment. Overall, there were no significant differences with regard to patient satisfaction between radiofrequency ablation and endovenous laser ablation (p = 0.3009). There were no cases of deep venous thrombosis in either group at any time during this study. Conclusions Radiofrequency ablation and endovenous laser ablation are highly effective and safe from both anatomic and clinical standpoints over a multi-year period and neither modality achieved superiority over the other

Space charged region in GaN and InN nanocolumns investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy

High quality InN and GaN nanocolumns of different length and diameter grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) were electrically characterized directly and non-destructively by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) as a function of the column diameter. The “exact” column diameter was determined from AFM images by Blind Tip Estimation (BTE) and subsequent image reconstruction in order to avoid artefacts due to the finite AFM tip radius. In GaN, the conductivity rises up to a “critical” diameter due to a depletion region at the surface of the nanocolumns and remains constant above. In contrast, the electron accumulation at the surface causes decreasing conductivity in InN nanocolumns with increasing diameter. Thus, the nanocolumn surface acts as the preferential conduction path. These facts prove that there is electron accumulation in as-grown non-polar InN surfaces, according to calculations of the Fermi level pinning in InN

Homotransplantation of the liver in a patientwith hepatoma and hereditary tyrosinemia

A girl with hereditary tyrosinemia, diagnosed at 6 months of age, was treated with a diet restricted inphenylalanine and tyrosine. At 91/2 years of age she developed an acutely enlarged liver and spleen, and the diagnosis of hepatocarcinoma was made. The patient received a liver transplant and tyrosine metabolites became normal while she was receiving a regular diet. Three months later, an infected thrombosis of the portal vein caused her death. Liver transplant appears to be an effective method of enzyme replacement in tyrosinemia and should be considered for prevention of hepatoma. © 1978 The C. V. Mosby Company

Eradication of chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells: a novel mathematical model predicts no therapeutic benefit of adding G-CSF to imatinib

Imatinib mesylate induces complete cytogenetic responses in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), yet many patients have detectable BCR-ABL transcripts in peripheral blood even after prolonged therapy. Bone marrow studies have shown that this residual disease resides within the stem cell compartment. Quiescence of leukemic stem cells has been suggested as a mechanism conferring insensitivity to imatinib, and exposure to the Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF), together with imatinib, has led to a significant reduction in leukemic stem cells in vitro. In this paper, we design a novel mathematical model of stem cell quiescence to investigate the treatment response to imatinib and G-CSF. We find that the addition of G-CSF to an imatinib treatment protocol leads to observable effects only if the majority of leukemic stem cells are quiescent; otherwise it does not modulate the leukemic cell burden. The latter scenario is in agreement with clinical findings in a pilot study administering imatinib continuously or intermittently, with or without G-CSF (GIMI trial). Furthermore, our model predicts that the addition of G-CSF leads to a higher risk of resistance since it increases the production of cycling leukemic stem cells. Although the pilot study did not include enough patients to draw any conclusion with statistical significance, there were more cases of progression in the experimental arms as compared to continuous imatinib. Our results suggest that the additional use of G-CSF may be detrimental to patients in the clinic

Relevance conversation between host and guest in Joe Rogan podcast

ENGLISH: Communication is very important and useful in everyday life. From communication, people can interact with each other and do many positive things in the world. Communication is an inseparable part of interaction and language. In this world, there are many varieties of languages spreaded throughout the world with their own uniqueness and characteristics. People, have to improve at least their own language to continue their activity in life. From the many languages spread in the world, English has an important role as a Lingua Franca which makes international interests use English as a means of communication. Regarding the research that the researcher did in this thesis, people need to know the relevance in conversation to understand the relevance of their conversation with the interlocutor. In order to know the relevance of a conversation, this is a function of relevance theory explaining this. The researcher examined the Relevance Conversation between Host and Guest in Podcast based on Relevance Theory. According to Sperber & Wilson (1995) Relevance theory is based on the definition of relevance and two principles of relevance, cognitive and communicative principles. The definition of relevance is "an assumption is relevant in a context if and only if it has some contextual effect in that context", The human brain is programmed to support the most relevant stimuli, thoughts, and ways of thinking, to produce maximum cognitive effect with the least amount of effort. This study aims to find out how relevance is represented between hosts and actors in podcasts, specifically Joe Rogan and Elon Musk. This research uses descriptive qualitative research method to explain the representation of relevance in conversation. The data source is taken from the Youtube platform with the code Joe Rogan Podcast#1470. INDONESIA: Komunikasi sangat penting dan berguna dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dari komunikasi, orang dapat berinteraksi satu sama lain dan melakukan banyak hal positif di dunia. Komunikasi merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari interaksi dan bahasa. Di dunia ini terdapat banyak ragam bahasa yang tersebar di seluruh dunia dengan keunikan dan ciri khasnya masing-masing. Orang-orang, harus meningkatkan setidaknya bahasa mereka sendiri untuk melanjutkan hidup mereka. Dari sekian banyak bahasa yang tersebar di dunia, bahasa Inggris memiliki peran penting sebagai Lingua Franca yang membuat kepentingan internasional menggunakan bahasa Inggris sebagai alat komunikasi. Mengenai penelitian yang peneliti lakukan dalam tesis ini, orang perlu mengetahui relevansi percakapan untuk memahami relevansi percakapan mereka dengan lawan bicara. Untuk mengetahui relevansi suatu percakapan, inilah fungsi dari teori relevansi yang menjelaskan hal tersebut. Peneliti mengkaji Relevansi Percakapan antara Host dan Tamu di Podcast berdasarkan Teori Relevansi. Menurut Sperber & Wilson (1995) Teori relevansi didasarkan pada definisi relevansi dan dua prinsip relevansi, prinsip kognitif dan komunikatif. Definisi relevansi adalah "suatu asumsi relevan dalam suatu konteks jika dan hanya jika memiliki beberapa efek kontekstual dalam konteks itu", Otak manusia diprogram untuk mendukung rangsangan, pemikiran, dan cara berpikir yang paling relevan, untuk keluaran kognitif maksimum. . efek dengan sedikit usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana relevansi direpresentasikan antara pembawa acara dan aktor dalam podcast, khususnya Joe Rogan dan Elon Musk. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif untuk menjelaskan representasi relevansi dalam percakapan. Sumber data diambil dari platform Youtube dengan kode Joe Rogan Podcast#1470. ARABIC: التواصل مهم جدا ومفيد في الحياة اليومية. من خلال التواصل ، يمكن للناس التفاعل مع بعضهم البعض والقيام بالعديد من الأشياء الإيجابية في العالم. التواصل جزء لا يتجزأ من التفاعل واللغة. يوجد في هذا العالم العديد من أنواع اللغات المنتشرة في جميع أنحاء العالم مع تميزها وخصائصها. يجب على الناس تحسين لغتهم على الأقل للمضي قدمًا في حياتهم. من بين العديد من اللغات المنتشرة في العالم ، تلعب اللغة الإنجليزية دورًا مهمًا باعتبارها Lingua Franca مما يجعل الاهتمامات الدولية تستخدم اللغة الإنجليزية كوسيلة للتواصل. فيما يتعلق بالبحث الذي أجراه الباحث في هذه الأطروحة ، يحتاج الناس إلى معرفة أهمية المحادثة لفهم أهمية محادثتهم مع الشخص الآخر. لمعرفة مدى ملاءمة المحادثة ، هذه هي وظيفة نظرية الصلة التي تشرحها. يفحص الباحث أهمية المحادثات بين المضيفين والضيوف في ملفات البودكاست بناءً على نظرية الصلة. وفقًا لـ Sperber & Wilson (1995) ، تستند نظرية الصلة إلى تعريف الصلة ومبدأين يتعلقان بالموضوع ، والمبادئ المعرفية والتواصلية. تعريف الصلة هو "الافتراض المناسب في سياق ما إذا كان له بعض التأثير السياقي في هذا السياق فقط" ، تمت برمجة الدماغ البشري لدعم المحفزات والأفكار وطرق التفكير الأكثر صلة ، لتحقيق أقصى قدر من المخرجات المعرفية . . تأثير بأقل جهد. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة كيفية تمثيل الصلة بين المقدمين والممثلين في البودكاست ، وتحديداً جو روجان وإيلون ماسك. تستخدم هذه الدراسة مناهج بحثية وصفية نوعية لشرح تمثيل الصلة بالموضوع في المحادثة. مصدر البيانات مأخوذ من منصة Youtube برمز .Joe Rogan Podcast # 147