3,300 research outputs found
Ultrafast harmonic mode-locking of monolithic compound-cavity laser diodes incorporating photonic-bandgap reflectors
We present the first demonstration of reproducible harmonic mode-locked operation from a novel design of monolithic semiconductor laser comprising a compound cavity formed by a 1-D photonic-bandgap (PBG) mirror. Mode-locking (ML) is achieved at a harmonic of the fundamental round-trip frequency with pulse repetition rates from 131 GHz up to a record high frequency of 2.1 THz. The devices are fabricated from GaAs-Al-GaAs material emitting at a wavelength of 860 nm and incorporate two gain sections with an etched PBG reflector between them, and a saturable absorber section. Autocorrelation studies are reported which allow the device behavior for different ML frequencies, compound cavity ratios, and type and number of intra-cavity reflectors to be analyzed. The highly reflective PBG microstructures are shown to be essential for subharmonic-free ML operation of the high-frequency devices. We have also demonstrated that the single PBG reflector can be replaced by two separate features with lower optical loss. These lasers may find applications in terahertz; imaging, medicine, ultrafast optical links, and atmospheric sensing
Endocrine disrupting chemicals: Current understanding, new testing strategies and future research needs
A Monitoring Campaign for Luhman 16AB. I. Detection of Resolved Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Variability
[abbreviated] We report resolved near-infrared spectroscopic monitoring of
the nearby L dwarf/T dwarf binary WISE J104915.57-531906.1AB (Luhman 16AB), as
part of a broader campaign to characterize the spectral energy distribution and
temporal variability of this system. A continuous 45-minute sequence of
low-resolution IRTF/SpeX data spanning 0.8-2.4 micron were obtained, concurrent
with combined-light optical photometry with ESO/TRAPPIST. Our spectral
observations confirm the flux reversal of this binary, and we detect a
wavelength-dependent decline in the relative spectral fluxes of the two
components coincident with a decline in the combined-light optical brightness
of the system over the course of the observation. These data are successfully
modeled as a combination of brightness and color variability in the T0.5 Luhman
16B, consistent cloud variations; and no significant variability in L7.5 Luhman
16A. We estimate a peak-to-peak amplitude of 13.5% at 1.25 micron over the full
lightcurve. Using a two-spot brightness temperature model, we infer an average
cloud covering fraction of ~30-55% for Luhman 16B, varying by 15-30% over a
rotation period. A Rhines scale interpretation for the size of the variable
features explains an apparent correlation between period and amplitude for
three highly variable T dwarfs, and predicts relatively fast winds (1-3 km/s)
for Luhman 16B consistent with lightcurve evolution on an advective time scale
(1-3 rotation periods). Our observations support the model of a patchy
disruption of the mineral cloud layer as a universal feature of the L dwarf/T
dwarf transition.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in Astrophysical
Journa
Spectrum of Sizes for Perfect Deletion-Correcting Codes
One peculiarity with deletion-correcting codes is that perfect
-deletion-correcting codes of the same length over the same alphabet can
have different numbers of codewords, because the balls of radius with
respect to the Levenshte\u{\i}n distance may be of different sizes. There is
interest, therefore, in determining all possible sizes of a perfect
-deletion-correcting code, given the length and the alphabet size~.
In this paper, we determine completely the spectrum of possible sizes for
perfect -ary 1-deletion-correcting codes of length three for all , and
perfect -ary 2-deletion-correcting codes of length four for almost all ,
leaving only a small finite number of cases in doubt.Comment: 23 page
The Capaciousness of No: Affective Refusals as Literacy Practices
© 2020 The Authors. Reading Research Quarterly published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Literacy Association The authors considered the capacious feeling that emerges from saying no to literacy practices, and the affective potential of saying no as a literacy practice. The authors highlight the affective possibilities of saying no to normative understandings of literacy, thinking with a series of vignettes in which children, young people, and teachers refused literacy practices in different ways. The authors use the term capacious to signal possibilities that are as yet unthought: a sense of broadening and opening out through enacting no. The authors examined how attention to affect ruptures humanist logics that inform normative approaches to literacy. Through attention to nonconscious, noncognitive, and transindividual bodily forces and capacities, affect deprivileges the human as the sole agent in an interaction, thus disrupting measurements of who counts as a literate subject and what counts as a literacy event. No is an affective moment. It can signal a pushback, an absence, or a silence. As a theoretical and methodological way of thinking/feeling with literacy, affect proposes problems rather than solutions, countering solution-focused research in which the resistance is to be overcome, co-opted, or solved. Affect operates as a crack or a chink, a tiny ripple, a barely perceivable gesture, that can persist and, in doing so, hold open the possibility for alternative futures
Literacy under and over the desk: oppositions and heterogeneity
In this paper I argue that a dominant theme in New Literacy Studies research, the differences between literacy practices inside and outside school, has sometimes involved conflating âhome literacyâ with private, unregulated âvernacular literacyâ, and the use of an idealised abstract notion of schooled literacy to represent studentsâ actual everyday experience in the classroom. Drawing on linguistic ethnographic research in two British primary schools, I use examples of âunofficialâ and âofficialâ literacy activities from 10-11 year-olds to show that a wide range of different forms of literacy can be found in the classroom and I argue that the division between âvernacularâ and âschooledâ is not as clear-cut as is sometimes assumed. My analysis of childrenâs literacy activities suggests that, on the one hand, unofficial activities orientate towards and index official knowledges and the macro-level institutional order and, on the other hand, official activities are interpenetrated with informal practices and procedures. I also comment on some implications of using the New Literacy Studies âevents and practicesâ conceptual framework for understanding what is going on in classrooms
Ab initio estimate of temperature dependence of electrical conductivity in a model amorphous material: hydrogenated amorphous silicon
We present an ab initio calculation of the DC conductivity of amorphous
silicon and hydrogenated amorphous silicon. The Kubo-Greenwood formula is used
to obtain the DC conductivity, by thermal averaging over extended dynamical
simulation. Its application to disordered solids is discussed. The conductivity
is computed for a wide range of temperatures and doping is explored in a naive
way by shifting the Fermi level. We observed the Meyer-Neldel rule for the
electrical conductivity with E_MNR = 0.06 eV and a temperature coefficient of
resistance, TCR ~ -2.0% K^-1 for a-Si:H. In general, experimental trends are
reproduced by these calculations, and this suggests the possible utility of the
approach for modeling carrier transport in other disordered systems.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, submitted to PRB Comments: corrected typos,
referee's comments include
Strategies to improve the signal and noise performance of active matrix, flatĂą panel imagers for diagnostic xĂą ray applications
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134928/1/mp8831.pd
The Serre spectral sequence of a noncommutative fibration for de Rham cohomology
For differential calculi on noncommutative algebras, we construct a twisted
de Rham cohomology using flat connections on modules. This has properties
similar, in some respects, to sheaf cohomology on topological spaces. We also
discuss generalised mapping properties of these theories, and relations of
these properties to corings. Using this, we give conditions for the Serre
spectral sequence to hold for a noncommutative fibration. This might be better
read as giving the definition of a fibration in noncommutative differential
geometry. We also study the multiplicative structure of such spectral
sequences. Finally we show that some noncommutative homogeneous spaces satisfy
the conditions to be such a fibration, and in the process clarify the
differential structure on these homogeneous spaces. We also give two explicit
examples of differential fibrations: these are built on the quantum Hopf
fibration with two different differential structures.Comment: LaTeX, 33 page
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