4 research outputs found
Intervention and Outcomes of Children in Different Types of Listening and Spoken Language Programs
This study explores the impact of the type and dosage of listening and spoken language (LSL) services on speech and language outcomes in children with cochlear implants or hearing aids in two LSL programs. Identical demographic variables were collected across the two programs for use in the statistical analyses. Speech and language outcomes were examined at ages 3 and 5 using standardized test measures. At age 3, significant differences in LSL outcomes existed between programs for children using cochlear implants but not for children using binaural hearing aids. However, at age five, outcomes were similar between the different LSL programs for children with hearing aids and cochlear implants. Total hours of LSL services do not serve as a predictor of LSL outcomes at five years of age. However, early identification of hearing loss, early amplification, and early enrollment in a LSL program were highly influential factors affecting LSL outcomes at three and five years of age. Non-verbal IQ and maternal education levels also influence LSL outcomes. Children with earlier access to hearing technology and LSL intervention may need fewer hours of LSL services to achieve age-appropriate LSL outcomes. Overall, both of these LSL programs supported age-appropriate speech and language outcomes by age 5
Morphological and physiological changes in tetrahymena pyriformis for the in vitro cytotoxicity assessment of triton X-100
Non-ionic surfactants such as Triton X-100 have been widely used in industrial processing and in cleaning products for almost 50
years, being effective and economic emulsifying, wetting agents, dispersants and solubilizers. Cleaning products containing these
surfactants are disposed of mainly by discharge into wastewater, which receives biological treatment in wastewater treatment systems.
However, surface-active agents interact with eukaryotic cell membranes leading to biological damage at high concentrations.
Tetrahymena pyriformis was used here as model organism to assess the effects of Triton X-100 through a series of in vitro cytotoxicity
tests. Growth rates and morphological changes were, by their simplicity and reproducibility, the simplest toxicological
assays. Cytoskeleton analysis seemed to be related with phagocytosis rate. Viability was evaluated by two different tests. Calcein
AM/EthD-1 was used to assess T. pyriformis membrane damage during the 48-h experiment. The colorimetric MTT assay proved
to be highly sensitive even at very short periods of Triton X-100 exposure. Tests performed in this study included simple and fast
bioassays that provide overall information on the morphological and physiological state of cells exposed to different non-lytic and
lytic concentrations of Triton X-100.Fundação para a CiĂŞncia e a Tecnologia (FCT) - PRAXIS XXI/BD/20328/99 - Instituto de Biotecnologia e QuĂmica Fina (IBQF).
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de SP (FAPESP).
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientĂfico e TecnolĂłgico (CNPq).
Revista de Atualização Médica ( RAM)