COLECISTODUODENOSTOMIA DEVIDO OBSTRUÇÃO TOTAL DE DUCTO BILIAR COMUM EM FELINO – RELATO DE CASO

As doenças do trato biliar são as patologias hepato-biliares de maior ocorrência em felinos, comumente associadas a processos inflamatórios intestinais e pancreáticos. A obstrução do ducto biliar comum está associada a alta mortalidade e morbidade e pode ocorrer devido doenças inflamatórias, colelitiases, neoplasias, dentre outras causas menos comum. As manifestações clinicas iniciais são inespecíficas, mas a progressão da doença leva a icterícia, emese, anorexia, perda de peso e fezes acolicas. O diagnóstico se dá através de exames laboratoriais e ultrassonografia. A definição de obstrução total do ducto biliar comum requer intervenção cirúrgica, e a definição da técnica irá depender da possível desobstrução do ducto ou restabelecimento do fluxo biliar através da colecistoduodenostomia, ou colecistojejunostomia, associadas a um grande risco cirúrgico e anestésico. Este relato apresenta um caso de um paciente com obstrução total do ducto biliar comum, diagnosticado através da ultrassonografia, sinais clínicos e exames laboratoriais e sua resolução cirúrgica através da técnica de colecistoduodenostomia, que se mostrou efetiva para a melhora clínica do paciente

Clinical characteristics and comorbidities of elderly asthmatics who attend allergy clinics

Background: To date, few studies have focused on the clinical and allergic characteristics of asthma in the elderly, defined as asthma in people aged 60 or over. Thus, we propose to identify and study the clinical and allergic characteristics and comorbidities of patients with asthma among the elderly.Methods: A retrospective, observational, descriptive study was developed in five clinics and hospitals in Argentina. Allergy Physicians analyzed their patients? medical records in 2014 and included those adults over the age of 60, who had been diagnosed with asthma according to the GINA guidelines. Clinical and allergic characteristics were analyzed.Results: A total of 152 patients diagnosed with asthma, of whom 73% were women and 11% ex-smokers, were included in this study, with a mean age of 66 years. Only 10.5% of the participants had onset asthma past the age of 60. Regarding asthma severity, 74.3% were diagnosed with moderate persistent asthma, and 7.2% with severe persistent asthma. Eighty-four percent of the patients were treated with an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) along with a long-acting β 2-adrenergic agent (LABA). More than half of the patients had two or more comorbidities simultaneously. Allergic comorbidities were the most frequent comorbidities, followed by arterial hypertension. Among allergic comorbidities, most patients presented allergies at the nasal level. There were no significant differences between the subpopulations of patients with late-onset asthma (LOA) and asthma with onset before the age of 60, i.e. early onset asthma (EOA) in most of their clinical characteristics. However, it was observed that EOA accounted for a higher percentage of patients with nasal allergies as compared to LOA (71% vs 46%, p < 0.05).It is worth mentioning that almost half of the patients with LOA had allergies at the nasal level.Conclusion: These results may provide a better understanding of the clinical characteristics of asthma in the elderly in Argentina, thus, enabling the development of future therapeutic strategies and a better quality of life for our elderly asthma patients.Fil: Yáñez, Anahí. Investigaciones En Alergia y Enfermedades Respiratoria; ArgentinaFil: Soria, Marcela. Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez". Departamento de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: de Barayazarra, Norma Susana. Gobierno de la Provincia de Cordoba. Nuevo Hospital San Roque.; ArgentinaFil: Recuero, Nancy. Gobierno de la Provincia de Cordoba. Nuevo Hospital San Roque.; ArgentinaFil: Rovira, Francisco. No especifíca;Fil: Jares, Edgardo. No especifíca;Fil: Stok, Ana María. Instituto de Investigaciones En Patologías Respiratorias; ArgentinaFil: Nemirovsky, Sergio Ivan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Bueno, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentin

A unified data infrastructure to support large-scale rare disease research

The Solve-RD project brings together clinicians, scientists, and patient representatives from 51 institutes spanning 15 countries to collaborate on genetically diagnosing ("solving") rare diseases (RDs). The project aims to significantly increase the diagnostic success rate by co-analysing data from thousands of RD cases, including phenotypes, pedigrees, exome/genome sequencing and multi-omics data. Here we report on the data infrastructure devised and created to support this co-analysis. This infrastructure enables users to store, find, connect, and analyse data and metadata in a collaborative manner. Pseudonymised phenotypic and raw experimental data are submitted to the RD-Connect Genome-Phenome Analysis Platform and processed through standardised pipelines. Resulting files and novel produced omics data are sent to the European Genome-phenome Archive, which adds unique file identifiers and provides long-term storage and controlled access services. MOLGENIS "RD3" and Cafe Variome "Discovery Nexus" connect data and metadata and offer discovery services, and secure cloud-based "Sandboxes" support multi-party data analysis. This proven infrastructure design provides a blueprint for other projects that need to analyse large amounts of heterogeneous data.3. Good health and well-bein

Three-Dimensional Quantitative Morphometric Analysis (QMA) for In Situ Joint and Tissue Assessment of Osteoarthritis in a Preclinical Rabbit Disease Model.

This work utilises advances in multi-tissue imaging, and incorporates new metrics which define in situ joint changes and individual tissue changes in osteoarthritis (OA). The aims are to (1) demonstrate a protocol for processing intact animal joints for microCT to visualise relevant joint, bone and cartilage structures for understanding OA in a preclinical rabbit model, and (2) introduce a comprehensive three-dimensional (3D) quantitative morphometric analysis (QMA), including an assessment of reproducibility. Sixteen rabbit joints with and without transection of the anterior cruciate ligament were scanned with microCT and contrast agents, and processed for histology. Semi-quantitative evaluation was performed on matching two-dimensional (2D) histology and microCT images. Subsequently, 3D QMA was performed; including measures of cartilage, subchondral cortical and epiphyseal bone, and novel tibio-femoral joint metrics. Reproducibility of the QMA was tested on seven additional joints. A significant correlation was observed in cartilage thickness from matching histology-microCT pairs. The lateral compartment of operated joints had larger joint space width, thicker femoral cartilage and reduced bone volume, while osteophytes could be detected quantitatively. Measures between the in situ tibia and femur indicated an altered loading scenario. High measurement reproducibility was observed for all new parameters; with ICC ranging from 0.754 to 0.998. In conclusion, this study provides a novel 3D QMA to quantify macro and micro tissue measures in the joint of a rabbit OA model. New metrics were established consisting of: an angle to quantitatively measure osteophytes (σ), an angle to indicate erosion between the lateral and medial femoral condyles (ρ), a vector defining altered angulation (λ, α, β, γ) and a twist angle (τ) measuring instability and tissue degeneration between the femur and tibia, a length measure of joint space width (JSW), and a slope and intercept (m, Χ) of joint contact to demonstrate altered loading with disease progression, as well as traditional bone and cartilage and histo-morphometry measures. We demonstrate correlation of microCT and histology, sensitive discrimination of OA change and robust reproducibility

The influence of genetic factors on the osteoinductive potential of calcium phosphate ceramics in mice

\u3cp\u3eThe efficacy of calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics in healing large bone defects is, in general, not as high as that of autologous bone grafting. Recently, we reported that CaP ceramics with osteoinductive properties were as efficient in healing an ilium defect of a sheep as autologous bone graft was, which makes this subclass of CaP ceramics a powerful alternative for bone regeneration. Although osteoinduction by CaP ceramics has been shown in several large animal models it is sporadically reported in mice. Because the lack of a robust mouse model has delayed understanding of the mechanism, we screened mice from 11 different inbred mouse strains for their responsiveness to subcutaneous implantation of osteoinductive tricalcium phosphate (TCP). In only two strains (FVB and 129S2) the ceramic induced bone formation, and in particularly, in FVB mice, bone was found in all the tested mice. We also demonstrated that other CaP ceramics induced bone formation at the same magnitude as that observed in other animal models. Furthermore, VEGF did not significantly increase TCP induced bone formation. The mouse model here described can accelerate research of osteoinductive mechanisms triggered by CaP ceramics and potentially the development of therapies for bone regeneration.\u3c/p\u3

The influence of genetic factors on the osteoinductive potential of calcium phosphate ceramics in mice.

The efficacy of calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics in healing large bone defects is, in general, not as high as that of autologous bone grafting. Recently, we reported that CaP ceramics with osteoinductive properties were as efficient in healing an ilium defect of a sheep as autologous bone graft was, which makes this subclass of CaP ceramics a powerful alternative for bone regeneration. Although osteoinduction by CaP ceramics has been shown in several large animal models it is sporadically reported in mice. Because the lack of a robust mouse model has delayed understanding of the mechanism, we screened mice from 11 different inbred mouse strains for their responsiveness to subcutaneous implantation of osteoinductive tricalcium phosphate (TCP). In only two strains (FVB and 129S2) the ceramic induced bone formation, and in particularly, in FVB mice, bone was found in all the tested mice. We also demonstrated that other CaP ceramics induced bone formation at the same magnitude as that observed in other animal models. Furthermore, VEGF did not significantly increase TCP induced bone formation. The mouse model here described can accelerate research of osteoinductive mechanisms triggered by CaP ceramics and potentially the development of therapies for bone regeneration

User reproducibility for cartilage segmentation.

<p>Plot of 2D cartilage thickness (Cg.Th) measured by three users segmenting a random selection of matching microCT and histology images; 10 femur and 10 tibia image pairs from both NO and OP joints, demonstrating user independence of the segmentation procedure. ICC (microCT) = 0.996 (0.992, 0.998); ICC (histology) = 0.993 (0.984, 0.997), p < 0.001.</p

Comparison of microCT and histology.

<p>(a) Plot of 2D cartilage thickness measured by microCT against histology, R = 0.94, p < 0.001, and (b) a Bland-Altman plot showing relatively even scatter at both low and high values of mean measures, indicating no obvious trend of increasing scatter with Cg.Th. (c) Plot of mean grey value measured with microCT against histology (grouped by staining batch), and (d) a Bland-Altman plot showing the spread of scatter points with a strong proportional bias with increasing mean measures, independent of histology staining batch.</p

Bivariate Regressions of QMA measures.

<p>Relationships between QMA measures indicate significant associations between and within tissue measures (Cg.Th, Ct.Th) and whole joint measures (JSW, χ, β, σ). Correlations were observed between Cg.Th and JSW both (a) laterally (R = 0.64, p < 0.01) and (b) medially (R = 0.66, p < 0.01), where Cg.Th is the addition of mean tibial and femoral compartmental values. This was also seen laterally (c) but not medially (d) for JSW and χ (R = 0.88, p < 0.01). The β angle is strongly negatively correlated with both (e) lateral and (f) medial tibial Cg.Th (R = -0.69 and -0.66, respectively, p < 0.01), and Ct.Th is negatively correlated with σ in the (g) lateral and (h) medial tibia (R = -0.52 and -0.55, respectively, p < 0.05).</p