A Data Base for Operations Research Models

This paper develops the design of a data base system to support operations research models in the context of an integrated planning system involving a number of different users and computer programs. The requirements for such a system are described, a âÂÂnetworkâ data base schema is developed and the schema and command language are illustrated through a specific example.Information Systems Working Papers Serie

A REVIEW AND CRITIQUE OF DSS

Information Systems Working Papers Serie

Carbon nanotube: a low-loss spin-current waveguide

We demonstrate with a quantum-mechanical approach that carbon nanotubes are excellent spin-current waveguides and are able to carry information stored in a precessing magnetic moment for long distances with very little dispersion and with tunable degrees of attenuation. Pulsed magnetic excitations are predicted to travel with the nanotube Fermi velocity and are able to induce similar excitations in remote locations. Such an efficient way of transporting magnetic information suggests that nanotubes are promising candidates for memory devices with fast magnetization switchings

X-Ray Detection of Transient Magnetic Moments Induced by a Spin Current in Cu

We have used a MHz lock-in x-ray spectro-microscopy technique to directly detect changes of magnetic moments in Cu due to spin injection from an adjacent Co layer. The elemental and chemical specificity of x-rays allows us to distinguish two spin current induced effects. We detect the creation of transient magnetic moments of $3\times 10^{-5}$ $\mu_\mathrm{B}$ on Cu atoms within the bulk of the 28 nm thick Cu film due to spin-accumulation. The moment value is compared to predictions by Mott's two current model. We also observe that the hybridization induced existing magnetic moments on Cu interface atoms are transiently increased by about 10% or $4\times 10^{-3}$ $\mu_\mathrm{B}$. This reveals the dominance of spin-torque alignment over Joule heat induced disorder of the interfacial Cu moments during current flow

Remote sensing and three-dimensional photogrammetric analysis of glaciofluvial sand and gravel deposits for aggregate resource assessment in McHenry County, Illinois, USA

Sand and gravel deposits, one of the most common natural resources, are used as aggregates mostly by the construction industry, and their extraction contributes significantly to a region\u27s economy. Thus, it is critical to locate sand and gravel deposits, and evaluate their quantity and quality safely and quickly. However, information on aggregate resources is generally only available from conventional two-dimensional (2-D) geologic maps, and direct field measurements for quality analysis at outcrops are time consuming and are often not possible due to safety concerns, or simply because exposures are too difficult to access. In this study, we presented a methodology to locate and evaluate aggregate resources, including the traditional methods of field surveying and borehole investigation for the entire McHenry County, Illinois, USA and new three-dimensional (3-D) photogrammetric models and remote sensing technologies at an active gravel pit. Thus acquired data sets allowed us to obtain key information for successful aggregate resource management: spatial occurrence, thickness, texture, paleocurrents, lithology and land use compatibility. In addition, remote sensing and photogrammetric techniques allowed for very quick and safe assessment of fundamental properties like particle size, paleocurrent direction and sorting, especially in inaccessible and/or unsafe outcrops. In summary, this paper demonstrated how remote sensing and photogrammetric technology can improve the efficiency and safety in resource assessment strategies, and the methodology used in our study can be applied to the development of autonomous mining and resource asset management elsewhere

Thermally induced magnetization switching in Gd/Fe multilayers

A theoretical model of Gd/Fe multilayers is constructed using the atomistic spin dynamics formalism. By varying the thicknesses and number of layers we have shown that a strong dependence of the energy required for thermally induced magnetization switching (TIMS) is present; with a larger number of interfaces, lower energy is required. The results of the layer resolved dynamics show that the reversal process of the multilayered structures, similar to that of a GdFeCo alloy, is driven by the antiferromagnetic interaction between the transition-metal and rare-earth components. Finally, while the presence of the interface drives the reversal process, we show here that the switching process does not initiate at the surface but from the layers furthest from it, a departure from the alloy behavior which expands the classes of material types exhibiting TIMS

The effect of heat stress, dehydration and exercise on global left ventricular function and mechanics in healthy humans

This thesis examined the effect of heat stress, dehydration and exercise on global left ventricular (LV) function and LV twist, untwisting and strain (LV mechanics) in healthy individuals. The primary aim was to identify whether the different haemodynamics induced by heat stress, dehydration and exercise would be associated with alterations in systolic and diastolic LV mechanics as assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Study one showed that enhanced systolic and diastolic LV mechanics during progressively increasing heat stress at rest likely compensate in part for a lower venous return, resulting in a maintained stroke volume (SV). In contrast, heat stress during knee-extensor exercise did not significantly increase LV twist, suggesting that exercise attenuates the increase in LV mechanics seen during passive heat stress. Study two revealed that dehydration enhances systolic LV mechanics whilst diastolic mechanics remain unaltered at rest, despite pronounced reductions in preload. The maintenance of systolic and diastolic LV mechanics with dehydration during knee-extensor exercise further suggests that the large decline in SV with dehydration and hyperthermia is caused by peripheral cardiovascular factors and not impaired LV mechanics. During both, heat stress and dehydration, enhanced systolic mechanics were achieved solely by increases in basal rotation. In contrast, the third study demonstrated that when individuals are normothermic and euhydrated, systolic and diastolic basal and apical mechanics increase significantly during incremental exercise to approximately 50% peak power. The subsequent plateau suggests that LV mechanics reach their peak at sub-maximal exercise intensities. Together, the present findings emphasise the importance of acute adjustments in both, basal and apical LV mechanics, during periods of increased cardiovascular demand.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

The effect of heat stress, dehydration and exercise on global left ventricular function and mechanics in healthy humans

This thesis examined the effect of heat stress, dehydration and exercise on global left ventricular (LV) function and LV twist, untwisting and strain (LV mechanics) in healthy individuals. The primary aim was to identify whether the different haemodynamics induced by heat stress, dehydration and exercise would be associated with alterations in systolic and diastolic LV mechanics as assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Study one showed that enhanced systolic and diastolic LV mechanics during progressively increasing heat stress at rest likely compensate in part for a lower venous return, resulting in a maintained stroke volume (SV). In contrast, heat stress during knee-extensor exercise did not significantly increase LV twist, suggesting that exercise attenuates the increase in LV mechanics seen during passive heat stress. Study two revealed that dehydration enhances systolic LV mechanics whilst diastolic mechanics remain unaltered at rest, despite pronounced reductions in preload. The maintenance of systolic and diastolic LV mechanics with dehydration during knee-extensor exercise further suggests that the large decline in SV with dehydration and hyperthermia is caused by peripheral cardiovascular factors and not impaired LV mechanics. During both, heat stress and dehydration, enhanced systolic mechanics were achieved solely by increases in basal rotation. In contrast, the third study demonstrated that when individuals are normothermic and euhydrated, systolic and diastolic basal and apical mechanics increase significantly during incremental exercise to approximately 50% peak power. The subsequent plateau suggests that LV mechanics reach their peak at sub-maximal exercise intensities. Together, the present findings emphasise the importance of acute adjustments in both, basal and apical LV mechanics, during periods of increased cardiovascular demand.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo