Building Stability in Latin American Financial Markets

This paper argues that the investor reluctance to make long-term commitments to Latin American financial markets results from experience. In the 1980s, while ex ante real interest rates on Latin American financial assets were usually high, ex-post real interest rates were often highly negative. In the 1990s, policymakers instituted stabilization programs and structural reforms that have improved the environment in which financial markets operate. Based on a review of experiences in the region, this paper shows that, when these opportunities are taken, investor confidence in long-term markets is strengthened.

Towards an Effective Regulatory and Supervisory Framework for Latin America

This paper raises fundamental questions about how banks in Latin America ought to be supervised. The concentration of wealth holders in Latin America and the equity markets` resulting illiquidity permit investors who control banks to subvert the intent of capital requirements, even when the bank itself is subject to rigorous accounting standards. A number of policy implications follow from the analysis. Three of policy recommendations derived from this analysis can be successfully implemented in the short run. Latin American supervisors should focus on: improving the markets that already work in Latin America, which currently are markets for bank liabilities; severely limiting public safety nets for bank liabilities so that risky banks face a high price for raising liabilities; and encouraging macroeconomic policies to play a much more important role in restraining bank risk in Latin America than in the industrial countries.

Mercados financieros y comportamiento del ahorro privado en América Latina

(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) Este trabajo complementa estudios anteriores al proponer que el bajo nivel de ahorro en América Latina se puede vincular con la limitada confianza de hogares y empresas en las instituciones financieras nacionales. Estudios anteriores han comprobado la relación entre el ahorro privado y los mercados financieros, bien sea empleando una medida de profundidad financiera o una medida de limitantes del endeudamiento. Este trabajo presenta una perspectiva alternativa al proponer que el nivel de ahorro privado guarda una correlación positiva con la confianza del sector privado en la solidez del sistema financiero, y que este concepto se puede calcular aproximadamente a partir de la proporción de demanda empresarial a activos líquidos de la banca. Los países latinoamericanos tienen niveles de ahorro más bajos que otros países en desarrollo y que la mayoría de los países industrializados. También exhiben los mayores niveles de depósitos empresariales a depósitos familiares entre los tres grupos de países tomados en cuenta en este trabajo. Además, la proporción de depósitos empresariales a depósitos familiares guarda una estrecha correlación con otros indicadores de la fragilidad del sistema bancario.

Evaluation Research and Institutional Pressures: Challenges in Public-Nonprofit Contracting

This article examines the connection between program evaluation research and decision-making by public managers. Drawing on neo-institutional theory, a framework is presented for diagnosing the pressures and conditions that lead alternatively toward or away the rational use of evaluation research. Three cases of public-nonprofit contracting for the delivery of major programs are presented to clarify the way coercive, mimetic, and normative pressures interfere with a sound connection being made between research and implementation. The article concludes by considering how public managers can respond to the isomorphic pressures in their environment that make it hard to act on data relating to program performance.This publication is Hauser Center Working Paper No. 23. The Hauser Center Working Paper Series was launched during the summer of 2000. The Series enables the Hauser Center to share with a broad audience important works-in-progress written by Hauser Center scholars and researchers

What Determines the Formal Versus Relational Nature of Local Government Contracting?

Meeyoung Lamothe is currently an assistant professor at the University of Oklahoma. Her research interests include local alternative service delivery arrangements, social service contracting, and nonprofit management. Her recent publications may be found in the Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, International Journal of Public Administration, and American Review of Public Administration.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

Genomic Dissection of Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia, Including 28 Subphenotypes

publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Genomic Dissection of Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia, Including 28 Subphenotypes journaltitle: Cell articlelink: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.05.046 content_type: article copyright: © 2018 Elsevier Inc

Building Stability in Latin American Financial Markets

This paper argues that the investor reluctance to make long-term commitments to Latin American financial markets results from experience. In the 1980s, while ex ante real interest rates on Latin American financial assets were usually high, ex-post real interest rates were often highly negative. In the 1990s, policymakers instituted stabilization programs and structural reforms that have improved the environment in which financial markets operate. Based on a review of experiences in the region, this paper shows that, when these opportunities are taken, investor confidence in long-term markets is strengthened

Achieving Stability in Latin American Financial Markets in the Presence of Volatile Capital Flows

This paper considers whether reserve requirements have been effective in controlling excessive liquidity growth. It also discusses the adequacy of bank supervisory standards, such as capital to risk-weighted asset standards, in controlling expansion of risky bank credit that often accompanies excessive liquidity expansion

Banking Crises in Latin America: Experience and Issues

This paper argues that the experiences with banking crises in Latin America have been different from those in the industrial world because of the peculiarities of Latin American financial systems. Hence, applying the lessons derived from crisis resolution in the industrial world is not sufficient to deal with banking problems in the region. It must be augmented by the unique experiences of Latin American regulators if future crises in the region are to be managed or avoided. Paper prepared for the Inter-American Development Bank/Group of 30 conferences on Banking Crises in Latin America, October 6 and 7, 1995

Managing Banking Crises in Latin America: The Do's and Don'ts of Successful Bank Restructuring Programs

This paper focuses on the design of successful bank restructuring programs in Latin America, a region where banking crises have been frequent in the past two decades. In each episode, Latin American policymakers have had to act under the severe constraints imposed on developing countries, which become particularly binding during periods of financial problems. Nevertheless, a review of these experiences demonstrates that a well-conceived bank restructuring program can succeed under even the most adverse conditions. Paper prepared for the Inter-American Development Bank/Group of 30 conferences on Banking Crises in Latin America, October 6 and 7, 1995