Alcohol Priming and Attribution of Blame in an Acquaintance Rape Vignette

Research on nonpharmacological effects of alcohol shows that exposure to alcohol-related cues (i.e., alcohol priming) can increase behaviors associated with actual alcohol consumption. Attributions of responsibility to female victims in sexual assault scenarios are affected by whether or not alcohol was consumed by a victim and/or perpetrator. Victims often receive higher levels of blame if they consume alcohol prior to the assault. This work extends the research on nonpharmacological effects of alcohol into a novel domain of blame attribution toward rape victims. In two studies, participants in lab settings (Study 1; N = 184) and online (Study 2; N = 421) were primed with alcohol or neutral beverage advertisements as part of a purportedly separate ad-rating task and then were presented with a vignette depicting an acquaintance rape where the characters consumed beer or soda. Participants subsequently completed a questionnaire assessing victim blame and perpetrator blame. Across both studies, participants blamed the victim most when they were exposed to both contextual (story) and noncontextual (ads) alcohol cues; this effect was especially prominent in males in Study 1. Findings for perpetrator blame were inconsistent across studies. Implications of nonpharmacological effects of alcohol on blame attribution toward rape victims are discussed in the context of courtroom situations and bystander intervention

Effect of spray dryer settings on the morphology of illite clay granules

Spray drying is an effective and common method for powder drying, e.g. clay. The morphology and properties of spray dried granules depend on properties of slurry and operational conditions of spray dryer. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of spray dryer settings on the morphology of illite clay granules. Laboratory scale spray dryer was used. Operational conditions: inlet temperature 190-220˚C, outlet temperature 70-96˚C, spray dispersion is obtained using two-fluid nozzle where the slurry feed was varied from 4.5 to 15 ml/min and gas pressure 15-40 mm. Slurry was prepared from clay fraction under 2 µm without additives. Latvian illite clay from Iecava, Pavāri and Laža deposits was studied. Slurries with concentration 1, 8 and 15 mass% was used.The size and morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, surface area and porosity by liquid nitrogen sorption.All obtained granules irrespective of spray dryer settings were well-rounded and dense without large pores or holes, however the surface was rough. The mean diameter of granules was in range of 2.6-5.4 µm, depending on slurry feed rate. The surface area of produced granules mostly depended on clay composition and was in a range of 70-92 m2/g. Inlet temperature in a range of 190-220 °C was found to be appropriate to produce well dried clay granules (moisture content 10 wt%). 

Challenges in translating commercial agreements

The article studies the incongruity of stylistic organization of an agreement as one of the types of legal discourse in English and Russian. The comparative analysis of certain stylistic differences (lexical, grammatical, and syntactical) and the tips for translation suggested in this concise work are aimed at better understanding and interpreting the legal document of the given format

Electroless deposition and Electroplating of Metals

The present paper summarizes the main results of the research on the electroless and electrochemical metal deposition from aqueous solutions, which has been carried out in the Research Institute of Physical-Chemical problems of the Belarussian State University and at the Department of Inorganic Chemistry of the BSU for the last three decades. The paper covers the following problems: the main peculiarities of electroless and electrochemical deposition of copper, nickel, Ni-B,Ni-P, gold films 0.1-30 mkm and more in thickness, their phase composition, morphology and properties; the characteristic features of of hydrometallurgic allowing (e.g. electroless and electrochemical deposition of a number of binary alloy coatings such as Cu-Ni, Cu-Cd, Cu-Sn, Cu-Zn, Ni-Sn, Ni-W, Ni-Mo), methods of their chemical and phase composition and microstructure regulation, together with correlation between these parameters and alloy properties; the methods for composite metal and alloy film plating from solutions with production of materials including metal oxides and thus possessing unusual and useful properties; the peculiarities of metal film plating onto dielectrics with production of continuous films and metal conductive patterns without the use of photoresists

The Role of Feature-Based Discrimination In Driving Health Disparities Among Black Americans

Objective: A growing body of research finds that darker skin tone is often associated with poorer physical and mental health in Blacks. However, the psychosocial mechanisms underlying the skin tone-health link remain elusive. The present study seeks to address this knowledge gap by investigating the direct and indirect (through perceived discrimination, socioeconomic status, and self-esteem) effects of skin tone on self-reported physical and mental health. Design: An urban sample of 130 Blacks aged 35 and above completed a self-administered computerized survey as a part of larger cross-sectional study. Results: Self-esteem played a particularly important role in mediating the associations between skin tone and self-reported physical and mental health. This suggests that self-esteem could be a point of intervention to help Blacks with darker skin tone achieve better health. Conclusion: The present study highlights the important role feature-based discrimination plays in determining mental and physical health outcomes among Blacks

The role of intensification of educational process in forming stress resistance of students of educational psychologists

The article analyzes the stress as the system dynamic characteristics of the individual and focuses on the possibility of forming of stress resistance of students-psychologists in the framework of intensification of the educational processПроводится анализ стрессоустойчивости как системной динамической характеристики личности. Внимание акцентируется на возможности формирования стрессоустойчивости студентов педагогов-психологов в условиях интенсификации образовательного процесс

On the accelerated settling of fine particles in a bidisperse slurry

An estimation of increasing the volume average sedimentation velocity of fine particles in bidisperse suspension due to their capturing in the circulation zone formed in the laminar flow of incompressible viscous fluid around the spherical coarse particle is proposed. The estimation is important for an explanation of the nonmonotonic shape of the separation curve observed for hydrocyclones. The volume average sedimentation velocity is evaluated on the basis of a cellular model. The characteristic dimensions of the circulation zone are obtained on the basis of a numerical solution of Navier-Stokes equations. Furthermore, these calculations are used for modelling the fast sedimentation of fine particles during their cosedimentation in bidisperse suspension. It was found that the acceleration of sedimentation of fine particles is determined by the concentration of coarse particles in bidisperse suspension, and the sedimentation velocity of fine fraction is proportional to the square of the coarse and fine particle diameter ratio. The limitations of the proposed model are ascertained

Rational use of forest as a renewable natural resource

This article is devoted to the formation of a mechanism for the rational use of forests as a renewable natural resource, including transfer of forest areas in rent taking into account market indicators, advantages and disadvantages in the process of timber sales. The total income received in the form of fees for the use of forest fund and for the use of forests in 2016 in the Russian Federation is amounted to 24.4 billion rubles, which is 0.9 billion rubles (by 3.8%) more compared with the previous year. According to the state report of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology, in the reporting 2016 year this payment was received in the amount of 27.8 billion rubles, which is 3.4 billion rubles (almost 14%) more than in 2015. Thus, due to the fact that Russia's natural forest resources constitute powerful strategic competitive advantage in the world economic system, the article, on the basis of the system approach, reveals correlation between the level of rent payments and profitability from the sale of round wood, taking into account harvested and considered assortments, which allows forming forest payments on the basis of domestic and export market prices and as a result increasing financial contribution from the use of forests to the national budget.peer-reviewe

Potential of international project activity for digitalization of northern regions

In the northern areas, the implementation of digital technologies is of particular relevance, given the specific environment in which they operate. This article uses the example of NArFU to discuss the role of international cooperation and cross-border projects towards intensification of digital technology implementation

The human health risk assessment from contaminated air in the oil-producing areas (on the example of Novoshehminsky Region of the Republic of Tatarstan)

© 2014 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved. Based on the analysis of the monitoring results the air quality evaluation is provided and the incidence level of oil-producing Novosheshminsky region of the Republic of Tatarstan during the period of 2005-2009. Despite the satisfactory air quality, there is the growth of a number of systemic and autoimmune diseases (blood, blood-forming organs diseases, cancer, the endocrine system diseases) among the district population. The calculated level of non-cancer inhalation risk to public health made 11.0 (extremely high) for children and 2.4 (average) for an adult. The exponential nature of the relationship between the blood diseases, blood-forming organs, autoimmune diseases spread among children and the value of non-cancer risk reflects the presence of the cumulative effect of exposure to low concentrations of pollutants in ambient air on the most vulnerable children of the population