\u3ci\u3eOwlet Caterpillars of Eastern North America.\u3c/i\u3e David L. Wagner, Dale F. Schweitzer, J Bolling Sullivan & Richard C. Reardon. 2011. Princeton University Press, 576 pp., soft cover, 8 by 10.

(excerpt) You may be wondering what an owlet caterpillar is, since “owlet” is not mentioned in some books about insects. It is a general name for moths in the family Noctuidae and is nicely defined by Marshall (2006) as: “nocturnal moths are sometimes called owlet moths (noctua means owl in Latin) because of the way their eyes pick up and reflect the smallest amount of light, shining brightly in contrast with the usually inconspicuous body and forewings”

The World of the Tent-Makers/ A natural history of the eastern tent caterpillar. V. G. Dethier. University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst, MA 01002. 1980. 148 pages, 12.50(cloth),12.50 (cloth), 5,95 (paper).

(excerpt) This book is small in size, but large in stature, a simply eloquent narrative on the encounters of genes; a look at the problems and solutions evolved by the eastern tent caterpillar in getting from one year to the next

A New Record for \u3ci\u3eMagicicada Septendecim\u3c/i\u3e in Michigan (Homoptera: Cicadidae)

Adult 17-year cicadas, Magicicada septendecim were collected on the Michigan State University campus, East Lansing, Michigan in 1982. Their probable origin and chances for surivial are discussed

Nature of Mathematical Modeling Tasks for Secondary Mathematics Preservice Teachers

This study investigated the nature of written modeling tasks reported by instructors of required courses in five secondary mathematics teacher education programs. These tasks were analyzed based on a framework addressing potential cognitive orientation (simple procedures, complex procedures, and rich tasks) and purpose (epistemological, educational, contextual, and socio-critical modeling) of the tasks. Our analysis suggests that most tasks included questions of more than one cognitive orientation and more than half of the tasks were coded as contextual modeling. We also found that tasks that were coded as contextual modeling offered opportunities for future teachers to engage with questions at all levels of cognitive orientation. The nature of several modeling tasks, along with the ideas for refining the current frameworks, are presented for future implications of analyzing and developing modeling tasks

The Effects of Mandatory Seatbelt Laws on Seatbelt Use, Motor Vehicle Fatalities, and Crash-Related Injuries among Youths

We provide the first comprehensive assessment of the effects of mandatory seatbelt laws on self-reported seatbelt use, highway fatalities, and crash-related injuries among high school age youths using data from the Centers for Disease Control's (CDC) national, state, and local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBS) and the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) from 1991 to 2005, a period spanning over 20 changes in state seatbelt laws. Our quasi-experimental approaches isolate the independent effects of seatbelt laws net of demographic characteristics, area and year fixed effects, and smooth area-specific trends. Across all data sources, we find consistent evidence that state mandatory seatbelt laws -- particularly those permitting primary enforcement -- significantly increased seatbelt use among high school age youths by 45-80 percent, primarily at the extensive margin. Unlike previous research for adults, however, we find evidence against the selective recruitment hypothesis: seatbelt laws had consistently larger effects on those most likely to be involved in traffic accidents (drinkers, alcohol-involved drivers). We also find that mandatory seatbelt laws significantly reduced traffic fatalities and serious injuries resulting from fatal crashes by 8 and 9 percent, respectively. Our results suggest that if all states had primary enforcement seatbelt laws then regular youth seatbelt use would be nearly universal and youth fatalities would fall by about 120 per year.

The Subcolonization and Buildup of \u3ci\u3eTetrastichus Julis,\u3c/i\u3e (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) a Larval Parasitoid of the Cereal Leaf Beetle, (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan

Following initial establishment of the parasitoid, Tetrastichus julis (Walker), at a carefully managed field nursery, releases of parasitized Oulema melanopus larvae were made by Michigan county agents at preselected sites throughout the lower peninsula during 1970-74. A follow-up recovery program during 1971-75 revealed continued dispersion and population increase for T. julis. An independent census verified the increasing rates of parasitism

Learning About Modeling in Teacher Preparation Programs

This study explores opportunities that secondary mathematics teacher preparation programs provide to learn about modeling in algebra. Forty-eight course instructors and ten focus groups at five universities were interviewed to answer questions related to modeling. With the analysis of the interview transcripts and related course materials, we found few opportunities for PSTs to engage with the full modeling cycle. Examples of opportunities to learn about algebraic modeling and the participants’ perspectives on the opportunities can contribute to the study of modeling and algebra in teacher education

The Othering of an Empire: A historiographical and pedagogical assessment of Orientalism, Genghis Khan, and the Mongol Empire

I. Synthesis Essay………………………………....3 II. Primary Documents and Headnotes………....28 III. Textbook Critique……………………………...40 IV. New Textbook Entry…………………………..44 V. Bibliography…………………………………....50https://digitalcommons.bard.edu/history_mat/1038/thumbnail.jp

Untersuchung zur Wurmausscheidung, Resistenz und Toleranz gegenüber Nematoden-Infektionen in Hühnergenotypen mit unterschiedlichen Leistungsrichtungen

The main objective was to investigate whether selection for divergent performance directions resulted in a different ability to cope with nematode infections. Therefore male and female birds of divergent genotypes developed either for meat or egg production or for both purposes were separately investigated. The worm expulsion and associated immune responses have been studied in the chicken host, too. It was found that tolerance to nematode infections is dependent on both growth rate and laying performance level in male and female chickens, respectively. In males the infection reduced the body weight in the fast-growing chickens only, whereas infection had no effect on slower growing genotypes. Differences found between male birds may be associated with a mismatch between the genotype-specific nutrient requirements and the nutrient supply during infectious challenges. In females, the laying rate (LR) of the high performing genotype was reduced by infection in the early infection period, whereas the LR of the lower performing genotype was reduced in the advanced infection period only. The time dependent impairment in laying performance was likely due to differences in genetic programming for production peak and persistency of the two genotypes. Both the host individual performance level as well as the nutrient supply appears to play a key role in tolerance against nematode infections in chickens. Resistance to infections, however, is dependent on the type of infection (i.e., experimentally vs. naturally infections). While overall resistance against infections likely depend on the host immunity and the intestinal conditions of the host, susceptibility to re-infections, which finally determines the risk for an infection, may be associated with host behaviour. Worm expulsion was found to take place non-linearly in three distinct phases, in which juvenile worms were especially targeted. Expulsion of the worms was associated with humoral and cell-mediated immune responses