Aegean prehistory in Crete and Macedonia in the wake of Venizelos

Prof. Stelios Andreou began his paper ‘The Landscapes of Modern Greek Aegean Prehistory’ with the following observation: “Implicitly at the start and more explicitly later, Aegean prehistory came to be regarded in Greece as the prehistory of the Greek nation”. We would like to explore this observation by comparing the development of Aegean prehistory in two areas of Greece, Crete and Macedonia, which both became part of the Greek nation in the early twentieth century with the involvement of the Greek statesman Eleftherios Venizelos. We will consider the interplay of archaeology and politics in these early years and ask whether this historical context has continued to affect the way Aegean prehistory is practiced today

Warfarin Sodium Stability in Oral Formulations

Warfarin sodium is a low-dose pharmaceutical blood thinner that exists in two forms: the clathrate form and the amorphous form. In commercially available warfarin sodium oral suspension, the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is added in the amorphous state. This study investigates the apparent instability of the commercially available warfarin liquid oral formulation using Raman and IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, UV spectroscopy, and optical microscopy. Warfarin, not its sodium salt, was identified as the undissolved solid existing in the suspension. This was found to be due to the dissociation of sodium salt and the protonation of the warfarin ion in the liquid phase, which triggered the crystallization of the sparingly soluble unsalted form. The coexistence of protonated and unprotonated warfarin ions in the supernatant, as detected by Raman and UV spectroscopy, confirmed this assumption. Study of the dissolution of warfarin sodium amorphous salt and crystalline sodium clathrate in the placebo and pure water verified the results. The effect of pH and temperature on warfarin precipitation was also explored

Cooking in progress: Evolution and diversity of cooking pottery in prehistoric Northern Greece and Bulgaria

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