72 research outputs found
Light Higgs Production at a Photon Collider
We present a preliminary study of the production of a light Higgs boson with
a mass between 120 and 160 GeV in photon-photon collisions at a Compton
collider. The event generator for the backgrounds to a Higgs signal due to
bbbar and ccbar heavy quark pair production in polarized Gamma-Gamma collisions
is based on a complete next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative QCD
calculation. For J_z=0 the large double-logarithmic corrections up to four
loops are also included. It is shown that the two-photon width of the Higgs
boson can be measured with high statistical accuracy of about 2-10% for
integrated Gamma-Gamma luminosity in the hard part of the spectrum of 43 fb-1.
From this result the total Higgs boson width can be derived in a model
independent way.Comment: 12 pages, submitted to International Workshop on High Energy Photon
Colliders, June 14 - 17, 2000, DESY Hamburg, German
Sphinx: Monte Carlo Program for Polarised Nucleon-Nucleon Collisions
This program can be used to simulate polarised nucleon - nucleon collisions
at high energies. Spins of colliding particles are taken into account. The
program allows to calculate cross sections for various processes.Comment: 33pp, LaTe
Two- and three-particle azimuthal correlations of high-pt charged hadrons in Pb-Au collisions at 158A GeV/c
Azimuthal correlations of hadrons with high transverse momenta serve as a
measure to study the energy loss and the fragmentation pattern of jets emerging
from hard parton-parton interactions in heavy ion collisions. Preliminary
results from the CERES experiment on two- and three-particle correlations in
central Pb-Au collisions are presented. A strongly non-Gaussian shape on the
away-side of the two-particle correlation function is observed, indicating
significant interactions of the emerging partons with the medium. Mechanisms
like deflection of the initial partons or the evolution of a mach cone in the
medium can lead to similar modifications of the jet structure on the away-side.
An analysis based on three-particle correlations is presented which helps to
shed light on the origin of the observed away-side pattern.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, contribution to the Quark Matter conference 200
Precise coupling terms in adiabatic quantum evolution: The generic case
For multi-level time-dependent quantum systems one can construct
superadiabatic representations in which the coupling between separated levels
is exponentially small in the adiabatic limit. Based on results from [BeTe1]
for special Hamiltonians we explicitly determine the asymptotic behavior of the
exponentially small coupling term for generic two-state systems with
real-symmetric Hamiltonian. The superadiabatic coupling term takes a universal
form and depends only on the location and the strength of the complex
singularities of the adiabatic coupling function.
As shown in [BeTe1], first order perturbation theory in the superadiabatic
representation then allows to describe the time-development of exponentially
small adiabatic transitions and thus to rigorously confirm Michael Berry's
[Ber] predictions on the universal form of adiabatic transition histories.Comment: 30 pages, 1 figur
Colour reconnections in Herwig++
We describe the implementation details of the colour reconnection model in
the event generator Herwig++. We study the impact on final-state observables in
detail and confirm the model idea from colour preconfinement on the basis of
studies within the cluster hadronization model. Moreover, we show that the
description of minimum bias and underlying event data at the LHC is improved
with this model and present results of a tune to available data.Comment: 19 pages, 21 figures, 2 tables. Matches with published versio
An Introduction to PYTHIA 8.2
The PYTHIA program is a standard tool for the generation of events in
high-energy collisions, comprising a coherent set of physics models for the
evolution from a few-body hard process to a complex multiparticle final state.
It contains a library of hard processes, models for initial- and final-state
parton showers, matching and merging methods between hard processes and parton
showers, multiparton interactions, beam remnants, string fragmentation and
particle decays. It also has a set of utilities and several interfaces to
external programs. PYTHIA 8.2 is the second main release after the complete
rewrite from Fortran to C++, and now has reached such a maturity that it offers
a complete replacement for most applications, notably for LHC physics studies.
The many new features should allow an improved description of data.Comment: 45 page
Ethical deliberations about involuntary treatment: interviews with Swedish psychiatrists
Background: Involuntary treatment is a key issue in healthcare ethics. In this study, ethical issues relating to involuntary psychiatric treatment are investigated through interviews with Swedish psychiatrists. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with eight Swedish psychiatrists, focusing on their experiences of and views on compulsory treatment. In relation to this, issues about patient autonomy were also discussed. The interviews were analysed using a descriptive qualitative approach. Results: The answers focus on two main aspects of compulsory treatment. Firstly, deliberations about when and why it was justifiable to make a decision on involuntary treatment in a specific case. Here the cons and pros of ordering compulsory treatment were discussed, with particular emphasis on the consequences of providing treatment vs. refraining from ordering treatment. Secondly, a number of issues relating to background factors affecting decisions for or against involuntary treatment were also discussed. These included issues about the Swedish Mental Care Act, healthcare organisation and the care environment. Conclusions: Involuntary treatment was generally seen as an unwanted exception to standard care. The respondents’ judgments about involuntary treatment were typically in line with Swedish law on the subject. However, it was also argued that the law leaves room for individual judgments when making decisions about involuntary treatment. Much of the reasoning focused on the consequences of ordering involuntary treatment, where risk of harm to the therapeutic alliance was weighed against the assumed good consequences of ensuring that patients received needed treatment. Cases concerning suicidal patients and psychotic patients who did not realise their need for care were typically held as paradigmatic examples of justified involuntary care. However, there was an ambivalence regarding the issue of suicide as it was also argued that risk of suicide in itself might not be sufficient for justified involuntary care. It was moreover argued that organisational factors sometimes led to decisions about compulsory treatment that could have been avoided, given a more patient-oriented healthcare organisation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12910-015-0029-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users
Coherent Parton Showers with Local Recoils
We outline a new formalism for dipole-type parton showers which maintain
exact energy-momentum conservation at each step of the evolution. Particular
emphasis is put on the coherence properties, the level at which recoil effects
do enter and the role of transverse momentum generation from initial state
radiation. The formulated algorithm is shown to correctly incorporate coherence
for soft gluon radiation. Furthermore, it is well suited for easing matching to
next-to-leading order calculations.Comment: 24 pages, 3 figure
Matching Tree-Level Matrix Elements with Interleaved Showers
We present an implementation of the so-called CKKW-L merging scheme for
combining multi-jet tree-level matrix elements with parton showers. The
implementation uses the transverse-momentum-ordered shower with interleaved
multiple interactions as implemented in PYTHIA8. We validate our procedure
using e+e--annihilation into jets and vector boson production in hadronic
collisions, with special attention to details in the algorithm which are
formally sub-leading in character, but may have visible effects in some
observables. We find substantial merging scale dependencies induced by the
enforced rapidity ordering in the default PYTHIA8 shower. If this rapidity
ordering is removed the merging scale dependence is almost negligible. We then
also find that the shower does a surprisingly good job of describing the
hardness of multi-jet events, as long as the hardest couple of jets are given
by the matrix elements. The effects of using interleaved multiple interactions
as compared to more simplistic ways of adding underlying-event effects in
vector boson production are shown to be negligible except in a few sensitive
observables. To illustrate the generality of our implementation, we also give
some example results from di-boson production and pure QCD jet production in
hadronic collisions.Comment: 44 pages, 23 figures, as published in JHEP, including all changes
recommended by the refere
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