The relationship between the use of the Unidroit Principles and the CISG in a comparative view and how the Unidroit Principles contribute to the interpretation of the CISG

The content and scope of the thesis is to demonstrate and elaborate the coherence between the Unidroit Principles and the CISG. Further the focus will be on the dif-ferences in power and impact of the Unidroit Principles and the CISG as well as the differences in regulating certain issues. Attention is drawn to specific regulations and their content and scope will be compared in order to determine the influence and help of the Unidroit Principles to interpret the CISG and answer the question if the two sets of provisions can be seen as alternatives or complementary instruments

Alain Testart, La Servitude volontaire. 1 : Les morts d’accompagnement ; 2 : L’origine de l’État

Trouve-t-on plus durkheimien que Alain Testart dans le paysage des sciences sociales de la France d’aujourd’hui ? Ce serait difficile. Voilà un auteur qui, en ce règne de l’interprétatif et du postmoderne, s’empare d’un fait social, le définit et l’explore systématiquement en lui donnant une place dans l’évolution sociale. Un auteur qui ose se répéter évolutionniste et dédie son livre à la mémoire de Gordon Childe. Après une longue enquête comparative sur l’esclavage, Alain Testart passe ici ..

Ulf Hannerz, Foreign News. Exploring the World of Foreign Correspondents

Extension d’une « Lewis Henry Morgan Lecture » prononcée par l’auteur à l’université de Rochester en 2000, le livre est d’abord le fruit de l’observation et de conver-sations tenues entre 1995 et 2000 avec soixante-dix correspondants de presse basés à New York, Hong-Kong, Johannesburg, Jérusalem, etc. Il comporte six chapitres : « L’espace médiatique à travers le globe », « Un paysage de nouvelles », « Carrières des correspondants », « Régions et histoires », « Routine, relations et réponses ..

Numerical Investigation of Boundary Layers in Wet Steam Nozzles

Condensing nozzle flows have been used extensively to validate wet steam models. Many test cases are available in the literature, and in the past, a range of numerical studies have dealt with this challenging task. It is usually assumed that the nozzles provide a one- or two-dimensional flow with a fully turbulent boundary layer (BL). The present paper reviews these assumptions and investigates numerically the influence of boundary layers on dry and wet steam nozzle expansions. For the narrow nozzle of Moses and Stein, it is shown that the pressure distribution is significantly affected by the additional blockage due to the side wall boundary layer. Comparison of laminar and turbulent flow predictions for this nozzles suggests that laminar–turbulent transition only occurs after the throat. Other examples are the Binnie and Green nozzle and the Moore et al. nozzles for which it is known that sudden changes in wall curvature produce expansion and compression waves that interact with the boundary layers. The differences between two- and three-dimensional calculations for these cases and the influence of laminar and turbulent boundary layers are discussed. The present results reveal that boundary layer effects can have a considerable impact on the mean nozzle flow and thus on the validation process of condensation models. In order to verify the accuracy of turbulence modeling, a test case that is not widely known internationally is included within the present study. This experimental work is remarkable because it includes boundary layer data as well as the usual pressure measurements along the nozzle centerline. Predicted and measured boundary layer profiles are compared, and the effect of different turbulence models is discussed. Most of the numerical results are obtained with the in-house wet steam Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) solver, Steamblock, but for the purpose of comparison, the commercial program ansys cfx is also used, providing a wider range of standard RANS-based turbulence models.Engineering and Physical Sciences Research CouncilThis is the author accepted manuscript. It is currently under an indefinite embargo pending publication by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

Effect of Fouling on the Performance of an Instream Turbine

As the tidal energy industry starts to mature towards commercial projects a key focus is on reliable power performance. As for any marine application, fouling poses a potential performance reduction risk for instream turbine deployments. SCHOTTEL HYDRO have developed their current commercial SCHOTTEL Instream Turbines. Four drivetrains with 6.3m rotors were deployed on the surface platform PLAT-I by Sustainable Marine Energy. One of PLAT-Is key features is access to the turbines for inspection and maintenance in situ. The system has undergone sea testing from 2017 to 2021 in Scotland and Nova Scotia (Canada). This paper presents the hydrodynamic rotor performance reduction due to fouling based on full-scale experimental results. An in-house blade element momentum model is used to quantify the changes of the hydrodynamic forces in terms of lift and drag for the hydrofoils used. Furthermore, the effect of fouling on the downstream wake was quantified in the field. The performance reduction due to fouling is significant and leads to a power drop of up to 43%, whereas the thrust is reduced by 25%. This is also reflected in a reduction of the turbine’s downstream wake as a “fouled” rotor extracts less energy from the flow. Modifications of the polar data, used for semi-empirical performance predictions, are able to predict the effect of fouling on the rotor performance. In general, the results derived from the testing prove the significance of access to the turbines in order to avoid reduction in the turbines’ performance due to fouling

Wells turbine for wave energy conversion : a review

In the past twenty years, the use of wave energy systems has significantly increased, generally depending on the oscillating water column (OWC) concept. Wells turbine is one of the most efficient OWC technologies. This article provides an updated and a comprehensive account of the state of the art research on Wells turbine. Hence, it draws a roadmap for the contemporary challenges which may hinder future reliance on such systems in the renewable energy sector. In particular, the article is concerned with the research directions and methodologies which aim at enhancing the performance and efficiency of Wells turbine. The article also provides a thorough discussion of the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for performance modeling and design optimization of Wells turbine. It is found that a numerical model using the CFD code can be employed successfully to calculate the performance characteristics of W-T as well as other experimental and analytical methods. The increase of research papers about CFD, especially in the last five years, indicates that there is a trend that considerably depends on the CFD method

Inheritance and contact in Central Kenya Bantu

Die Studie bietet Einblicke in die Geschichte des kenianischen Hochlands aus linguistischer bzw. dialektologischer Perspektive. Als Grundlage dient eine Fülle an empirischen Sprachdaten für alle Varietäten, die unter dem Label Central Kenya Bantu (E50) zusammengefasst werden, darunter Gikuyu, Kamba und Meru. Die Dissertation gliedert sich in drei Teile: Mithilfe von Dialektometrie und multidimensionaler Skalierung werden die Sprachdaten in einem ersten Schritt einer umfassenden quantitativen Analyse unterzogen (dialektologische Vermessung). Dadurch lässt sich die phonologische und lexikalische Ähnlichkeit zwischen den Sprachen und Dialekten ermitteln. Dies ergibt eine Klassifikation des Zentralkenia-Bantu, die eine synchrone Dreitteilung in „Western“, „Eastern“ und „Kamba“ zeigt. Die qualitative Analyse untersucht in einem zweiten Schritt, inwiefern Vererbung und Sprachkontakt zum synchronen Profil der zentralkenianischen Bantusprachen beigetragen haben. Ein letzter Schritt gleicht die linguistischen Ergebnisse mit historischen Erkenntnissen aus den oralen Traditionen der Region ab. So können einige der sozio-historischen Prozesse spezifiziert werden, die in den vergangenen 500 Jahren prägend für die Region rund um den Mount Kenya waren.This study provides insights into the history of the Kenyan Highlands from a linguistic (dialectological) perspective. It relies on a vast amount of empirical language data that covers all varieties subsumed under the label Central Kenya Bantu (E50), among them Gikuyu, Kamba, and Meru. The thesis is divided into three parts: The first part offers a thorough quantitative analysis (dialectological survey) by means of dialectometry and multidimensional scaling. Here, it is assessed to which degree the different varieties share their phonological and lexical inventory. This allows us to establish a synchronic classification of Central Kenya Bantu showing a split into the groups Eastern, Western, and Kamba. Second, the qualitative dialectological analysis investigates the ways in which inheritance and language contact contributed to the synchronic profile of Central Kenya Bantu. Finally, the linguistic findings are correlated with historical accounts gathered through a study of local oral traditions. This enables us to specify some of the socio-historical processes that shaped the various communities in the vicinity of Mount Kenya over the past 500 years