La transformation de la professionnalité des enseignants : quel rôle du prescrit ?

International audienceRésumé Les injonctions institutionnelles supposent des ajustements dans le travail des enseignants. Le processus d’adaptation aux réformes et ses effets sur leur professionnalité sont interrogés à partir de deux études de cas situées dans deux univers professionnels distincts : le collège de la scolarité obligatoire et l’université de masse. Les résultats des deux enquêtes montrent que d’autres éléments que le prescrit interviennent dans les transformations de la professionnalité. Un processus de création de normes intermédiaires résultant d’une traduction du prescrit en lien avec l’environnement de travail (notamment les dispositifs sociotechniques) joue un rôle déterminant

Surveillance du cancer du sein (une évolution : plaidoyer pour un mode alterné incluant le médecin traitant)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Quality of life in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer: evolution during follow-up and vulnerability factors

International audienceObjective In women with breast cancer, many disease-related psychosocial factors directly affect quality of life (QoL) during and after treatment. The aims of this prospective study were to evaluate the psychosocial factors affecting QoL and its dimensions, to study their evolution over time, and to determine the factors associated with this evolution.Methods Thirty women with non-metastatic breast cancer were asked to complete a number of questionnaires evaluating QoL and its dimensions, symptoms of anxiety and depression, body image, social support, and coping strategies immediately after their diagnosis of breast cancer (T1), at the end of treatment (T2), and 6 months after the end of treatment (T3).Results Level of education, mastectomy, and hormonotherapy all had an impact on QoL. QoL and its dimensions changed over time. Coping strategies, social support, body image, and symptoms of anxiety and depression were predictive factors for QoL.Conclusion The identification of these predictive factors should help medical teams to identify the patients who are most vulnerable and susceptible to poor QoL. In women with breast cancer, it is essential to identify and treat any changes in patients' need for support in an appropriate manner, both during the course of therapy and particularly during remission

Quality of life in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer: evolution during follow-up and vulnerability factors

International audienceObjective: In women with breast cancer, many disease-related psychosocial factors directly affect quality of life (QoL) during and after treatment. The aims of this prospective study were to evaluate the psychosocial factors affecting QoL and its dimensions, to study their evolution over time, and to determine the factors associated with this evolution.Methods Thirty women with non-metastatic breast cancer were asked to complete a number of questionnaires evaluating QoL and its dimensions, symptoms of anxiety and depression, body image, social support, and coping strategies immediately after their diagnosis of breast cancer (T1), at the end of treatment (T2), and 6 months after the end of treatment (T3).Results: Level of education, mastectomy, and hormonotherapy all had an impact on QoL. QoL and its dimensions changed over time. Coping strategies, social support, body image, and symptoms of anxiety and depression were predictive factors for QoL.Conclusion: The identification of these predictive factors should help medical teams to identify the patients who are most vulnerable and susceptible to poor QoL. In women with breast cancer, it is essential to identify and treat any changes in patients' need for support in an appropriate manner, both during the course of therapy and particularly during remission

Le récit du commun

Cet ouvrage collectif présente les résultats d’une enquête internationale menée auprès d’environ 7 000 élèves âgés de 11 à 19 ans, à qui il a été demandé de raconter l’histoire nationale. Des élèves français, suisses, catalans, allemands ont répondu à un questionnaire et raconté librement « leur » histoire nationale. Contre les idées reçues d’un manque de connaissances historiques et de l’absence de tout récit commun, l’enquête dévoile des formes de narration, des organisateurs du récit et des contenus partagés, une véritable trame commune. L’analyse de ces formes et contenus précise leurs points forts, mais aussi les absences ou les spécificités nationales, et montre comment les savoirs scolaires coexistent avec d’autres sources de connaissances. Sont étudiées en particulier les places respectives et les fonctions du politique, de la religion, de la guerre, dans ces récits qui témoignent d’un imaginaire national. Un effet « territorial » est enfin mis en valeur, à la fois moins important que prévu en France et significatif à l’échelle des pays. Sensibles au contexte, ces récits sont la manifestation juvénile d’une conscience historique en formation, qui s’exprime selon des formes inédites

Les échelles de la mémoire en Méditerranée

International audienceDepuis les années 1980, les liens entre histoire et mémoire sont régulièrement interrogés lors de débats tant scientifiques que publics ou politiques. Si le sujet passionne la France - les polémiques relatives aux « lois mémorielles », au passé colonial ou à « l’identité nationale »en témoignent -, il est encore peu étudié à l’aune de l’espace méditerranéen. Force est de constater une multiplication des revendications et des conflits dont les enjeux sont l’affirmation ou la redéfinition des identités - enjeux indissociables d’un véritable « travail de mémoire », c’est-à-dire un travail de dévoilement d’un « passé qui ne passe pas » (le génocide arménien, la purification ethnique en Palestine ou en Bosnie, la colonisation…). L’instrumentalisation du passé à des fins politiques n’est pas une spécificité méditerranéenne, mais elle a pris dans cet espace aux identités fragilesune coloration particulièrement vive. Ainsi, des Balkans au Proche-Orient en passant par le Maghreb, la confrontation entre les différentes échelles de mémoire - étatique ou collective, officielle ou marginalisée - concourt à exacerber les antagonismes. Cet ouvrage qui rassemble des contributions d’anthropologues, d’historiens, de géographes, d’archéologues et de politologues interroge les mécanismes de fabrication de ces héritages qui divisent ou rapprochent les hommes au sein d’un même espace

Varia

https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/hsp/12263/thumbnail.jp

Overview of the pathological results and treatment characteristics in the first 1000 patients randomized in the SERC trial: axillary dissection versus no axillary dissection in patients with involved sentinel node

Abstract Background Three randomized trials have concluded at non inferiority of omission of complementary axillary lymph node dissection (cALND) for patients with involved sentinel node (SN). However, we can outline strong limitations of these trials to validate this attitude with a high scientific level. We designed the SERC randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01717131) to compare outcomes in patients with SN involvement treated with ALND or no further axillary treatment. The aim of this study was to analyze results of the first 1000 patients included. Methods SERC trial is a multicenter non-inferiority phase 3 trial. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with adjuvant chemotherapy administration and non-sentinel node (NSN) involvement. Results Of the 963 patients included in the analysis set, 478 were randomized to receive cALND and 485 SLNB alone. All patient demographics and tumor characteristics were balanced between the two arms. SN ITC was present in 6.3% patients (57/903), micro metastases in 33.0% (298), macro metastases in 60.7% (548) and 289 (34.2%) were non eligible to Z0011 trial criteria. Whole breast or chest wall irradiation was delivered in 95.9% (896/934) of patients, adjuvant chemotherapy in 69.5% (644/926), endocrine therapy in 89.6% (673/751) and the proportions were similar in the two arms. The overall rate of positive NSN was 19% (84/442) for patients with cALND. Crude rates of positive NSN according to SN status were 4.5% for ITC (1/22), 9.5% for micro metastases (13/137), 23.9% for macro metastases (61/255) and were respectively 29.36% (64/218), 9.33% (7/75) and 7.94% (10/126) when chemotherapy was administered after cALND, before cALND and for patients without chemotherapy. Conclusion The main objective of SERC trial is to demonstrate non inferiority of cALND omission. A strong interaction between timing of cALND and chemotherapy with positive NSN rate was observed. Trial registration This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01717131 October 19, 2012