SARAS 2: A Spectral Radiometer for probing Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization through detection of the global 21 cm signal

The global 21 cm signal from Cosmic Dawn (CD) and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), at redshifts $z \sim 6-30$, probes the nature of first sources of radiation as well as physics of the Inter-Galactic Medium (IGM). Given that the signal is predicted to be extremely weak, of wide fractional bandwidth, and lies in a frequency range that is dominated by Galactic and Extragalactic foregrounds as well as Radio Frequency Interference, detection of the signal is a daunting task. Critical to the experiment is the manner in which the sky signal is represented through the instrument. It is of utmost importance to design a system whose spectral bandpass and additive spurious can be well calibrated and any calibration residual does not mimic the signal. SARAS is an ongoing experiment that aims to detect the global 21 cm signal. Here we present the design philosophy of the SARAS 2 system and discuss its performance and limitations based on laboratory and field measurements. Laboratory tests with the antenna replaced with a variety of terminations, including a network model for the antenna impedance, show that the gain calibration and modeling of internal additives leave no residuals with Fourier amplitudes exceeding 2~mK, or residual Gaussians of 25 MHz width with amplitudes exceeding 2~mK. Thus, even accounting for reflection and radiation efficiency losses in the antenna, the SARAS~2 system is capable of detection of complex 21-cm profiles at the level predicted by currently favoured models for thermal baryon evolution.Comment: 44 pages, 17 figures; comments and suggestions are welcom

REGULATORY DOSSIER- ASEAN COMMON TECHNICAL DOCUMENT (ACTD) FOR ASEM COUNTRIES

The Regulatory Affairs department is very often the first point of contact between the government authorities and the company. The attitudes and actions of Regulatory Affairs Professionals will condition the perceptions of the government officials to the company. Dossier is a collection or file of documents on the same subject, especially a file containing detailed information about a person or a topic. Any preparation for human use that is intended to modify or explore physiological systems or pathological states for the benefit of the recipient is called as “pharmaceutical product for human use”. This guideline merely demonstrates an appropriate write-up format for acquired data. Throughout the ACTD, the display of information should be unambiguous and transparent, in order to facilitate the review of the basic data and to help a reviewer become quickly oriented to the application contents. This ASEAN Common Technical Dossier (ACTD) is a guideline of the agreed upon common format for the preparation of a well-structured Common Technical Dossier (CTD) applications that will be submitted to ASEAN regulatory authorities for the registration of pharmaceuticals for human use. This guideline describes a CTD format that will significantly reduce the time and resources needed to compile applications for registration and in the future, will ease the preparation of electronic documental submissions. ICH‐ECTD is an internationally driven standard designed to reduce cost in the administration, assessment and archiving of applications for marketing authorization of medicinal products for human use, to reduce the use of paper and streamline the assessment process making the system more efficient

INTEND AND PROPOSE THE HIGH SPEED LFSR CIRCUIT USING SST METHOD

Linear feedback shift register (LFSR) is an important component of the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) operations and BCH encoders. This thesis presents a mathematical proof of existence of a linear transformation to transform LFSR circuits into equivalent state space formulations. This transformation achieves a full speed-up compared to the serial architecture at the cost of an increase in hardware overhead. This method applies to all irreducible polynomials used in CRC operations and BCH encoders. A new formulation is proposed to modify the LFSR into the form of an CRC filter. We propose a novel high speed parallel LFSR architecture based on parallel Infinite Impulse Response (CRC) filter design, pipelining and retiming algorithms. The advantage of proposed approach over the previous architectures is that it has both feedforward and feedback paths. We further propose to apply combined parallel and pipelining techniques to eliminate the fanout effect in long generator polynomials. The proposed scheme can be applied to any generator polynomial, i.e., any LFSR in general. A comparison between the proposed and previous architectures shows that the proposed parallel architecture achieves the same critical path as that of previous designs with a reduced hardware cost

Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2) activity of biogenic gold and silver nanoparticles using seaweed Sargassum wightii

1252-1257Biogenic gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles were synthesized using seaweed Sargassum wightii (Sw) and their antiviral activity against Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2) was evaluated. Efficacy of Sw-Au and Sw-Ag nanoparticles against HSV was estimated by the reduction of cytopathic effect (CPE) caused by HSV, which was observed in a dose-dependent manner. Sw-Au nanoparticles reduced 70% CPE of HSV-1 and HSV-2 at 10 μL and 25 μL, respectively, whereas 2.5 μL Sw-Ag nanoparticles effectively reduced 70% CPE of HSV-1 and HSV-2. Cytotoxicity was estimated in Vero cells by MTT assay. Sw-Au nanoparticles were significantly non-toxic in all the concentrations tested, whereas Sw-Ag nanoparticles were found to be toxic in higher concentrations. Sw-Au nanoparticles showed cell viability of 93.12-85.18 % in the range of 2.5-25 µL, and Sw-Ag nanoparticles showed cell viability of 97.21-21.91% in the range of 1-10 μL. Sw-Au and Sw-Ag nanoparticles effectively reduce the CPE caused by both HSV-1 and HSV-2 in Vero cells and can be used to treat HSV infections

DFT Analysis, ADME, antibacterial activity and molecular docking studies of 2-(3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-n-phenylacetamide derivatives

Quantum computational study based on density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) using basis set 6-311G (d,p) a number of global and local reactivity descriptors have been computed to predict the reactivity and the reactive sites on the 2-(3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-n-phenylacetamideoxadiazole derivatives. The molecular geometry and the electronic properties such as frontier molecular orbital (HOMO and LUMO), ionization potential (I) and electron affinity (A) are investigated to get a better insight of the molecular properties. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) for all compounds were determined to check their electrophilic or nucleophilic reactivity. The in silico pharmacokinetics showed that nearly all derivatives obeyed Lipinski rule of 5 with low toxicity and metabolic stability. The antibacterial activity was carried out against B. subtilis, S. aureus, P.aeruginosa and E. coli, displaying considerable inhibition. MurE ligases, (PDB: 7b6k) participating in the intracellular steps of bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis, are taken as targets for molecular docking studies using Flare GUI software. The docking outcome revealed that these 1,2,4-oxadiazole analogues have highest LF rank score in the range -12.9 to -6.0 which shows that they act as potent antibacterial agents