Chemical Stability of Cd(II) and Cu(II) Ionic Imprinted Amino-Silica Hybrid Material in Solution Media

Chemical stability of Cd(II) and Cu(II) ionic imprinted hybrid material of (i-Cd-HAS and i-Cu-HAS) derived from silica modification with active compound (3-aminopropyl)-trimethoxysilane (3-APTMS) has been studied in solution media. Stability test was performed with HNO3 0.1 M (pH 1.35) to investigate material stability at low pH condition, CH3COONa 0.1 M (pH 5.22) for adsorption process optimum pH condition, and in the water (pH 9.34) for base condition. Material characteristics were carried out with infrared spectrophotometer (IR) and atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). At interaction time of 4 days in acid and neutral condition, i-Cd-HAS is more stable than i-Cu-HAS with % Si left in material 95.89 % (acid media), 43.82 % (close to neutral), and 9.39 % (base media)

PENGARUH WAKTU HIDROTERMAL DAN TMAOH DALAM SINTESIS LANGSUNG MCM-41

The MCM-41processing synthesis with variation time hydrothermal and TMAOH at directsynthesis process has been done. The synthesis of MCM–41 was used templating agents withcetiltrimetilammonium bromide (CTAB). The optimization of synthesis of MCM-41 was carried outto produce good material characteristics. Hydrothermal time variation performed in the synthesis ofMCM-41 for 18 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 88 hours has been done. So the study of effect TMAOHwas used CTAB/ TMAOH ratio: 1 and 1.25. The results showed that the 24- hour time hydrothermalwas able to produce the good crystallinity with 100% relative crystallinity. However, the best stabilityof MCM-41 materials synthesized in hydrothermal time during the 48 hours. So the effect ofTMAOH additions in the synthesis MCM-41 can bedecreased crystallinity of MCM-41

STUDI KINETIKA ADSORPSI Al-MCM 41 TERHADAP METILEN BIRU

The synthesis and kinetics studies of Al-MCM 41 of the methylene blue adsorption have been done. The observations of the adsorption kinetics are very important parameter in the adsorption process. This is the higher of adsorption kinetics tend to faster adsorption process. The results of characterization of Al-MCM 41 have a wall thickness is 15.173 Å, Pore Volume Pore is 0.584 cm3/g, Pore Diameter is 30.446 Å, Surface Area is 995.513 m2/g. The results of the adsorption kinetics of Al-MCM 41 to  methylene blue adsorption follows pseudo second order with coefficient of determination (r2) value of 0.999 and the value of adsorption rate constant of Al-MCM 41 is 10-2 g.mg-1.min-1

SINTESIS SILIKA MCM-41 DAN UJI KAPASITAS ADSORPSI TERHADAP METILEN BIRU

Synthesis of MCM-41 with hydrothermal time variation 18, 24, 36, 48 hoursusing templating agent cetiltrimetilammonium bromide (CTAB) has been done. Theresults showed that the time of hydrothermal influence the intensity and the index field(ao). Synthesis of MCM-41 with a time of hydrothermal 24 hours produce the highestintensity which indicates that MCM-41 has the best crystallinity. While testing theadsorption capacity of MCM-41 has 37,037 mg/g for adsorption of the methylene blue

ADSORPTION OF Ca(II) , Pb(lI) AND Ag(l) ON SULFONATO-SILICA HYBRID PREPARED FROM RICE HULL ASH

In this research, adsorption of Ca(II), Pb(lI) and Ag(I) in aqueous solution onto sulfonato-silica hybrid (SSH) prepared from rice hull ash (RHA) has been studied. Thepreparation of SSH adsorbent was carried out by oxidation of mercapto-silica hybrid (MSH) with hydrogen peroxide (H&#83220&#8322Jsolution 33%. MSH was prepared, via sol-gel process, by adding 3 M hydrochloric acid solution to mixture of sodium silicate (Na&#8322Si0&#8323) solution and 3 (trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanthio l(MPTS) to reach pH of 7.0. Solution of Na&#8322Si0&#8323was generated from destruction of RHA with sodium hydroxide solution followed with heating at 500°C for 30 min. . The SSH produced was characterized with Fourier trans form infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyzer, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and determination of ion-exchange capacity for sodium ion (Na). The adsorption of Ag(I) and Ca(II) were conducted in a batch system in various concentrations for one hour. The adsorbent ion was calculated based on difference of concentrations before and after adsorption process determined using atomic absorbance spectrophotometric (AAS) method. The adsorption character was evaluated using model of iso therm Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption to calculate the capacity, constants and energy of adsorption. Result of characterization by EDX and FTIR showed qualitatively that SSH has been successfully synthesized which were indicated by appearance of characteristic absorbance of functional group namely silano! (Si-OH), siloxane (Si-O-Si), methylene (-CH&#8322-) and disappearance of mercapto group (SH). The XRD data showed amorph, ousstructure of SSH, similar to silica gel (SG) and MSH. The study of adsorption thermo dynamicsshowed that oxidation of MSH into SSH increases the ion-exchange capacity for Na+ from 0.123 to 0.575 mmoL/g. The change in functional group from silanol to mercapto and from mercapto to sulfonato increases the adsorption capacity of Ca(II). However, the capacity order of adsorbents for both ions of Pb(lI) and Ag(I) in aqueous solution is MSH > SG > SSH

Synthesis of Mesoporous Methyl-Silica Hybrid for Adsorption of Alizarin Red-s

ABSTRACT Mesoporous methyl-silica hybrid has been synthesized through sol-gel process, by using tetraethylorthosilicate and methyltriethoxysilane as precursors and tart~ric acid as a template. The adsorbent was applied to study the adsorption 6f alizarin red-SoThe preparation of methyl-silica hybrid was carried out at various mol ratios of precursors and tartaric acid concentration. The methyJ-"silicahybrid result was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and surface area analyzer.Adsorption experiment was conducted to study the effect of pH and Alizarin Red-S concentration on the adsorption capacity of tbe adsorbent. The adsorbed Alizarin Red-S was calculated from different of Alizarin Red-S concentrationbefore and after adsorption based on the analysis with UV-Vis method. characterization with Infrared pectroscopyshowed that methyl-silica hybrid has been successfully synthesized as indicated by appearance of characteristic functional group vibrations i.e Si-C, silanol (Si-OH) and siloksan (Si-O-Si). The X-ray diffraction data showed amorphousstructure of methyl-silica Hybrid. The Surface Area Analyzer analysis data showed that the pore diameter and surface area of methyl-silica hybrid tended to increase as the template concentration increases. Adsorption study of methyl-silica hybrid showed that the adsorption decreased as the pH was increased. The optimum adsorption was optained at pH=2.0 with the concentration of Alizarin Red-S of 70 mg/L Keywords: Sol-gel, Tartaric acid template, Mesoporous, Adsorptio

A STUDY OF THE SYNTHESIS OF HYBRID ORGANOSILICATE NANOTUBES

Hybrid organosilicate nanotubes have been prepared by sol-gel chemistry, using crystalline ammonium tartrate as the tube-forming template. The nanotubes were prepared by controlled hydrolysis and co-condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) at room temperature. The synthetic conditions have been systematically studied. The physical characteristics of the materials were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the aging times of the tubes due to slow post-gelation condensation reactions was investigated. The morphology and microstructure of the nanotubes are greatly influenced by the synthetic conditions.   Keywords: organosilicate, nanotube, ammonium tartrate crystals

AMINOAND MERCAPTO-SILICA HYBRID FOR Cd(lI) ADSORPTION INAQUEOUS SOLUTION Hibrida Amino-silika dan Merkapto-silika sebagai Adsorben untuk Adsorpsi Ion Cd(lI)da/am Larutan

ABSTRACT Modification of silica gel with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilaneand 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilanethrough sol-gel technique producing amino-silica hybrid (HAS) and mercapto-silica hybrid (HMS), respectively, has been carried out using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source. The ad~orbentswere characterized using infrared spectroscopy (IR), and X-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDX). Adsorption of Cd(lI) individually as well as its binary mixture with Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(lI) in solution was performed in a batch system. Adsorption capacities of Cd(lI) ion on adsorbent of silica gel (SG), HAS, and HMS are 86.7, 256.4 and 319.5 J.lmol/gwith the adsorption energies are 24.60, 22.61 and 23.15 kJ/mol, respectively. Selectivity coefficient (a) of Cd(lI) ion toward combination of Cd(II)/Ni(II), Cd(II)/Cu(II), and Cd(II)/Zn(lI) ions on HAS adsorbent is relatively smaller than those on HMS adsorbent which has a > 1. Keywords: adsorption, amino-silica hybrid, mercapto-silic

Green Methods of Chemical Analysis and Pollutant Removal

This chapter deals with chemical analysis and pollutant removal methods that follow some of the 12 principles of Green Chemistry. In this chapter, the 12 principles of the Green Chemistry along with the short description are highlighted. Several chemical analysis methods are presented, that are both used for chemical identification and concentration determination, whether conventionally or instrumentally. The conventional chemical analysis methods evaluated in this chapter include volumetric and gravimetric, while the instrumental ones presented are limited to atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for determination of the analyte concentration, and Infrared spectrometry (IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for chemical identification. Additionally, the pollutant removal methods involving conventional and advanced processes, are reviewed. The conventional chemical removal methods such as precipitation, coagulation, and adsorption are illustrated. The advanced methods in removing chemical pollutants discussed in this chapter are photocatalytic degradation, photo-oxidation/reduction, Fenton and Photo-Fenton, and ozonation. In the description of the chemical analysis and the chemical pollutant removal methods, the evaluation of the unsuitableness or suitableness toward some of the Green Chemistry principles are also accompanied. In addition, the ways to make the less green methods to be greener are also proposed