Klimaatverandering op de hoge zandgronden: effecten en adaptatie : betekenis van klimaatverandering voor het landelijk gebied in de provincie Gelderland : een uitwerking voor de gebiedsontwikkeling in Baakse Beek en Blauwe Bron

Doel van het project: kennis uitwisselen over klimaatverandering en functies in het landelijk gebied. Tussen wetenschap en de praktijk van gebiedsontwikkeling. Daarnaast: vanuit de gebiedsontwikkeling onderzoeksvragen formuleren voor vervolgonderzoek

Tetra­pyrazine­platinum(II) bis­(tetra­fluoro­borate) acetonitrile hemisolvate

The improved synthesis and characterization of tetra­pyrazine­platinum(II) bis­(tetra­fluoro­borate) acetonitrile hemisolvate, [Pt(C4H4N2)4](BF4)2·0.5CH3CN, is reported. The unit cell contains a half equivalent of an acetonitrile solvent mol­ecule per tetra­pyrazine­platinum(II) ion. The coordination geometry of the PtII ion is almost square-planar, with the Pt atom residing on an inversion center. The BF4 − counter-anion, located at a general position, has an idealized tetra­hedral geometry and an acetonitrile solvent mol­ecule, the methyl group of which is disordered over two equal positions, sits on a twofold rotation axis

Versatile Coordination of Cyclopentadienyl-Arene Ligands and Its Role in Titanium-Catalyzed Ethylene Trimerization

Cationic titanium(IV) complexes with ansa-(η5-cyclopentadienyl,η6-arene) ligands were synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The strength of the metal-arene interaction in these systems was studied by variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy. Complexes with a C1 bridge between the cyclopentadienyl and arene moieties feature hemilabile coordination behavior of the ligand and consequently are active ethylene trimerization catalysts. Reaction of the titanium(IV) dimethyl cations with CO results in conversion to the analogous cationic titanium(II) dicarbonyl species. Metal-to-ligand backdonation in these formally low-valent complexes gives rise to a strongly bonded, partially reduced arene moiety. In contrast to the η6-arene coordination mode observed for titanium, the more electron-rich vanadium(V) cations [cyclopentadienyl-arene]V(NiPr2)(NC6H4-4-Me)+ feature η1-arene binding, as determined by a crystallographic study. The three different metal-arene coordination modes that we experimentally observed model intermediates in the cycle for titanium-catalyzed ethylene trimerization. The nature of the metal-arene interaction in these systems was studied by DFT calculations.

Pillared two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks based on a lower-rim acid appended calix[4]arene

Solvothermal reactions of the lower-rim functionalized diacid calix[4]arene 25,27-bis(methoxycarboxylic acid)-26,28-dihydroxy-4-tert-butylcalix[4]arene (LH₂) with Zn(NO₃)₂•6H₂O and the dipyridyl ligands 4,4/-bipyridyl (4,4/-bipy), 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene (DPE) or 4,4/-azopyridyl (4,4/-azopy) afforded a series of 2-D structures of the formulae {[Zn(4,4/-bipy)(L)]•2¼DEF}n (1), {[Zn₂(L)(DPE)]•DEF}n (2) and {[Zn(OH₂)₂(L)(4,4/-azopy)]•DEF}n (3) (DEF = diethylformamide)

(E)-2-(2-Methyl­cyclo­hexyl­idene)hydrazinecarbothio­amide

In the crystal of the title compound, C8H15N3S, mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [10]. An intra­molecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bond is also present

Time-trends in disease characteristics and comorbidities in patients with chronic hepatitis B in the period 1980–2020

Background & aims: The incidence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is declining due to successful implementation of vaccination programs and widespread use of antiviral therapy. We aimed to study time-trends in disease characteristics and comorbidities in newly referred CHB patients. Methods: : We collected information on hepatitis B virus (HBV) related disease characteristics (including hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) status, viremia, stage of liver fibrosis and indication for treatment and/or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance) and presence of comorbidities in all CHB patients referred to our center from 1980 through 2020. Patient characteristics were compared according to referral date (before 2000, between 2000 and 2010 and after 2010). Results: : We identified 1515 eligible patients. Patients referred after 2010 were older (36 versus 34 years, p < 0.001), more often non-Caucasian (82.3% versus 55.0%, p < 0.001) and more frequently HBeAg negative (81.5% versus 49.8%, p < 0.001) when compared to patients referred before 2000. Adjusted for ethnicity, sex and age, patients referred after 2010 were less likely to have significant fibrosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:0.178, p < 0.001) or indication for antiviral therapy (aOR:0.342, p < 0.001) but were more likely to be affected by the metabolic syndrome (aOR:1.985, p = 0.013), hepatic steatosis (aOR:1.727, p < 0.001) and metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) (aOR:1.438, p = 0.013). Conclusions: : The characteristics of the CHB populations are changing. Newly referred patients are older, have less active HBV related liver disease but are more likely to be co-affected by MAFLD. These findings provide guidance for adequate allocation of resources to cope with the changing characteristics of the CHB population

3-[3-(3-Fluoro­phen­yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]propionic acid

In the title compound, C11H9FN2O3, the benzene ring is almost coplanar with the heterocyclic ring, making a dihedral angle of 14.0 (1)°. The plane of the carboxyl group is rotated by 14.7 (3)° with respect to the 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring plane. The aliphatic chain exhibits a standard zigzag arrangement. Two inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the carboxyl groups related by an inversion centre promote a dimeric structure formation. The dimers are stacked along the crystallographic a axis

Cyclo­benzaprinium salicylate

In the title mol­ecular salt [systematic name: 3-(5H-di­benzo[a,d]cyclo­hepten-5-yl­idene)-N,N-dimethyl-1-propanaminium 2-hy­droxy­benzoate], C20H22N+·C7H5O3 −, the benzene rings of the cyclo­benzaprinium cation are inclined with a dihedral angle of 61.66 (7)°. An intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs within the salicylate anion, generating an S(6) ring. In the crystal, the cation and anion are linked by an N—H⋯O inter­action