Cuencas triásicas del Oeste argentino: origen y evolución

The Triassic basins of western Argentina and northern Patagonia are located along fhe Pacific margin of Southwest Gondwana. They are narrow and elongated depressions oriented NW-SE, floored by a thick continental crust composed of Precarnbrian and Lower Palaeozoic magmatic rocks, and an Upper Palaeozoic plutonic-volcanic complex (Gondwana Magmatism). These basins are associated with the Choiyoi Magmatic Province, the Central Patagonian Batholith and the Comallo Volcanic Complex. For the Triassic of western Argentina the following stages are recognised: Barrealian (Early to Mid Triassic), Cortaderitian (Mid to early Late Triassic) and Florian (Late Triassic). During the Barrealian severa1 passive rfts are opened (Ischigualasto - Villa Unión, Marayes, Las Salinas - Beazley, Cuyo and the short-lived San Rafael basins). They are characterised by a synrift phase related to the activity of the main fracture systems along the active flank of the half-grabens, high accommodation space and frequent coarsegrained sediment supply (usually vocaniclastic) from the active margins. Intercalations of basic lava flows are common. In the Cortaderitian protracted extension, maximum regional development of the Triassic bgsins occurred. Most basins were controlled by thermal-tectonic subsidence. High accommodation space, limited coarse-grained cbntributions and high lacustrine base levels are the more characteristic conditions for basin sedimentary infill. In the Florian stagelthe Ischigualasto-Villa Unión, the Marayes and the Cuyo basins are characterised by fluvial-dominated red-bed successions, related to a transtensional stage of evolution. Several half-grabens (Malargüe, Paso Flores and Chacaico) are opened as precursors of the Neuquén Basin. In northwestern Patagonia, the combInation between regional strike-slip displacement along the Gastre Fault System and protopacific subduction, causes the development of the arc magmatism represented by the Central Patagonian Batholith and the thick volcano-sedimentary Comallo complex

The Cambrian-Ordovician siliciclastic platform of the Balcarce Formation (Tandilia System, Argentina) : Facies, trace fossils, palaeoenvironments and sequence stratigraphy

The Lower Palaeozoic sedimentary cover of the Tandilia (Balcarce Formation) is made up of thick quartz arenite beds together with kaolinitic claystones and thin fine-grained conglomerates. The Balcarce Formation was formed in the nearshore and inner shelf environments of a tide-dominated and storm influenced open platform. It shows many features suggesting tidal sedimentation. Coarse-grained facies were formed by sand bar migration and accretion. Heterolithic packages are interpreted as interbar (swale) deposits. Subordinated HCS sandstones indicate storm events. The recognition of thick progradational clinoforms allows to confirm that the Balcarce sea was open to the south, as suggested years ago through palaeocurrent interpretation. The great abundance and variety of trace fossils is among the most outstanding characteristics of this unit. The ichnotaxa that have been recognised so far are: Ancorichnus ancorichnus, Arthrophycus alleghaniensis, Arthrophycus isp., Bergaueria isp., Cochlichnus isp., Conostichus isp., Cruziana furcifera, Cruziana isp., Daedalus labeckei, Didymaulichnus lyelli, Didymaulichnus isp., Diplichnites isp., Diplocraterion isp., Herradurichnus scagliai, ?Monocraterion isp., Monomorphichnus isp., Palaeophycus alternatus, Palaeophycus tubularis, Palaeophycus isp., Phycodes aff. pedum, Phycodes isp., Plagiogmus isp., Planolites isp., Rusophycus isp., Scolicia isp. and Teichichnus isp. Trace fossils have traditionally been used to assign the Balcarce Formation to the Lower Ordovician, due to the presence of Cruziana furcifera. However, Plagiogmus is typical of Cambrian successions world-wide

Anatomy and Sequence Architecture of the early Post-Rift in the Neuquén Basin (Argentina): A Response to Physiography and Relative Sea-level Changes

A detailed architectural and sequence stratigraphic analysis was carried out in the early-post-rift succession of central Neuque´n Basin (Middle Jurassic Cuyo Group), integrating outcrop and subsurface information from a 3,000 km2 area. Sedimentary facies analysis allowed the definition of six marine facies associations, which are grouped in two main depositional systems. During the late Toarcian to early Bathonian a storm- and wave-dominated shoreface to offshore system was developed. This is overlain by a late Bathonian–early Callovian fluvio-deltaic depositional system. The sequence stratigraphic analysis of this succession identified parasequences limited by marine flooding surfaces with little evidence of erosion. Parasequences could be grouped into four parasequence sets that show the evolution of the depositional systems and can be interpreted in terms of shoreline trajectories. In this sense, a log-term transgressive event defined by a complicated retrogradational stacking pattern and spanning for almost 10 My is identified for the older deposits. This succession is eventually replaced by a progradational unit that represents highstand conditions. The Cuyo succession identified in this part of the basin is completed by the development of a regressive surface and the onset of a deltaic depositional system with no parasequence development but indicating an abrupt basinward facies shift. The long-term transgression that dominates the early post-rift succession in this part of the basin is interpreted to represent a period of sustained accommodation creation produced by the combination of thermal subsidence, differential compaction of syn-rift deposits, and eustatic rise under a relatively low sediment supply. Changes in the stacking pattern of retrogradational parasequence sets are thought to be produced by changes in the bathymetry of the topography being flooded, which is a relic of a complex array of footwalls and shoulders generated during the syn-rift stage. Regional changes in thickness and timing for the early post-rift succession could be therefore the result of the relatively passive infill of an inherited topography of the syn-rift, suggesting that most of the accommodation was already created before the onset of the long-term transgressive trend that characterizes the post-rift succession in this part of the basin. The Cuyo Group succession reported here reflects the complexity in terms of depositional styles, sequence stratigraphic patterns, and controls that can be expected during the early-post rift infill of syn-rift structural depressions. Therefore, the results of this study can provide useful lessons for post-rift systems having prolific hydrocarbon production worldwide (e.g., in the Northern North Sea, Norwegian Sea, Thailand, and Argentina and Chile).Fil: Veiga, Gonzalo Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas; ArgentinaFil: Schwarz, Ernesto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas; ArgentinaFil: Spalletti, Luis Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas; ArgentinaFil: Massaferro, Jose L. YPF S.A; Argentin

Anatomy and Sequence Architecture of the early Post-Rift in the Neuquén Basin (Argentina): A Response to Physiography and Relative Sea-level Changes

A detailed architectural and sequence stratigraphic analysis was carried out in the early-post-rift succession of central Neuquén Basin (Middle Jurassic Cuyo Group), integrating outcrop and subsurface information from a 3,000 km2 area. Sedimentary facies analysis allowed the definition of six marine facies associations, which are grouped in two main depositional systems. During the late Toarcian to early Bathonian a storm- and wave-dominated shoreface to offshore system was developed. This is overlain by a late Bathonian–early Callovian fluvio-deltaic depositional system. The sequence stratigraphic analysis of this succession identified parasequences limited by marine flooding surfaces with little evidence of erosion. Parasequences could be grouped into four parasequence sets that show the evolution of the depositional systems and can be interpreted in terms of shoreline trajectories. In this sense, a log-term transgressive event defined by a complicated retrogradational stacking pattern and spanning for almost 10 My is identified for the older deposits. This succession is eventually replaced by a progradational unit that represents highstand conditions. The Cuyo succession identified in this part of the basin is completed by the development of a regressive surface and the onset of a deltaic depositional system with no parasequence development but indicating an abrupt basinward facies shift. The long-term transgression that dominates the early post-rift succession in this part of the basin is interpreted to represent a period of sustained accommodation creation produced by the combination of thermal subsidence, differential compaction of syn-rift deposits, and eustatic rise under a relatively low sediment supply. Changes in the stacking pattern of retrogradational parasequence sets are thought to be produced by changes in the bathymetry of the topography being flooded, which is a relic of a complex array of footwalls and shoulders generated during the syn-rift stage. Regional changes in thickness and timing for the early post-rift succession could be therefore the result of the relatively passive infill of an inherited topography of the syn-rift, suggesting that most of the accommodation was already created before the onset of the long-term transgressive trend that characterizes the post-rift succession in this part of the basin. The Cuyo Group succession reported here reflects the complexity in terms of depositional styles, sequence stratigraphic patterns, and controls that can be expected during the early-post rift infill of syn-rift structural depressions. Therefore, the results of this study can provide useful lessons for post-rift systems having prolific hydrocarbon production worldwide (e.g., in the Northern North Sea, Norwegian Sea, Thailand, and Argentina and Chile).Centro de Investigaciones Geológica

Anatomy and Sequence Architecture of the early Post-Rift in the Neuquén Basin (Argentina): A Response to Physiography and Relative Sea-level Changes

A detailed architectural and sequence stratigraphic analysis was carried out in the early-post-rift succession of central Neuquén Basin (Middle Jurassic Cuyo Group), integrating outcrop and subsurface information from a 3,000 km2 area. Sedimentary facies analysis allowed the definition of six marine facies associations, which are grouped in two main depositional systems. During the late Toarcian to early Bathonian a storm- and wave-dominated shoreface to offshore system was developed. This is overlain by a late Bathonian–early Callovian fluvio-deltaic depositional system. The sequence stratigraphic analysis of this succession identified parasequences limited by marine flooding surfaces with little evidence of erosion. Parasequences could be grouped into four parasequence sets that show the evolution of the depositional systems and can be interpreted in terms of shoreline trajectories. In this sense, a log-term transgressive event defined by a complicated retrogradational stacking pattern and spanning for almost 10 My is identified for the older deposits. This succession is eventually replaced by a progradational unit that represents highstand conditions. The Cuyo succession identified in this part of the basin is completed by the development of a regressive surface and the onset of a deltaic depositional system with no parasequence development but indicating an abrupt basinward facies shift. The long-term transgression that dominates the early post-rift succession in this part of the basin is interpreted to represent a period of sustained accommodation creation produced by the combination of thermal subsidence, differential compaction of syn-rift deposits, and eustatic rise under a relatively low sediment supply. Changes in the stacking pattern of retrogradational parasequence sets are thought to be produced by changes in the bathymetry of the topography being flooded, which is a relic of a complex array of footwalls and shoulders generated during the syn-rift stage. Regional changes in thickness and timing for the early post-rift succession could be therefore the result of the relatively passive infill of an inherited topography of the syn-rift, suggesting that most of the accommodation was already created before the onset of the long-term transgressive trend that characterizes the post-rift succession in this part of the basin. The Cuyo Group succession reported here reflects the complexity in terms of depositional styles, sequence stratigraphic patterns, and controls that can be expected during the early-post rift infill of syn-rift structural depressions. Therefore, the results of this study can provide useful lessons for post-rift systems having prolific hydrocarbon production worldwide (e.g., in the Northern North Sea, Norwegian Sea, Thailand, and Argentina and Chile).Centro de Investigaciones Geológica

Pirfenidone in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: real-life experience in the referral centre of Siena

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and has a median survival after diagnosis of 2–5 years. Pirfenidone is the first approved antifibrotic drug for the treatment of IPF. Here we report the functional progress, side effects and survival data of a population of patients with IPF, diagnosed at our centre and treated with pirfenidone. Methods: We enrolled 91 patients with IPF (71 males) treated with pirfenidone. Clinical, survival and functional details were collected retrospectively at start of therapy and after 12, 24, 36 and 48 months of treatment. Lung function tests at least 12 months before starting therapy were available for 40 patients and were entered in the database, as well as side effects. Results: During the observation period (922 ± 529 days), 27 patients died, 5 patients underwent lung transplant and 10 patients interrupted therapy due to adverse events or IPF progression. The median survival was 1606 days. There was a significant reduction in disease progression rate, as measured by trend of forced vital capacity, after 1 year of therapy with respect to before treatment (p = 0.0085). Forced vital capacity reduction rate was progressively higher in the subsequent years of treatment. Treatment-related side effects were reported in 25 patients and were predominantly mild. Overall, four patients discontinued therapy due to severe photosensitivity. Conclusions: Our findings confirm the efficacy of pirfenidone in reducing functional progression of IPF and its excellent safety profile in a real-life setting. This study, designed on a long-term follow up, contributes to the growing evidence on safety, tolerability and efficacy of pirfenidone in IPF. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section

Orogenias paleozoicas en los Andes de Argentina y Chile y en la Península Antártica

Congreso Geológico Argentino (20º. 2017. San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina). Simposio de Téctonica pre-andinaDurante el Neoproterozoico y Paleozoico, los Andes de Argentina y Chile, y desde fines del Paleozoico también la Península Antártica, formaron parte del margen SO de Gondwana. Durante este tiempo se acrecionaron a dicho margen varios fragmentos continentales de tamaño y aloctonía variable; denominados de N a S: Antofalla, Chi-Cu, Patagonia Occidental y Antártida Occidental. Estos fragmentos formaban parte de placas litosféricas, en ocasiones divididas en subplacas. La colisión de dichos fragmentos continentales con Gondwana y una última subducción bajo dicho margen, dieron lugar a 6 orogenias de extensión temporal y espacial limitada.Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, EspañaDepartamento de Geología, Universidad de Oviedo, EspañaUniversidad de Río Negro, ArgentinaServicio Geológico y Minero Argentino, ArgentinaInstituto De Bio y Geociencias Del NOA, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, ArgentinaInstituto De Bio y Geociencias Del NOA, Universidad Nacional de Salta, ArgentinaDepartamento de Geodinámica, Universidad del País Vasco, EspañaFacultad de Geología, Universidad de Barcelona, EspañaDepartamento de Geología, Universidad de Chile, ChileUniversidad Andrés Bello, ChileUnidad de Tectónica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, ArgentinaFacultad de Geología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaÁrea de Geología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, EspañaUniversidad de Salta, ArgentinaInstituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Universidad de Río Negro, ArgentinaInstituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, ArgentinaCentro de Investigaciones Geológicas, Universidad de La Plata, ArgentinaUniversidad de San Juan, ArgentinaPeer reviewe