200 research outputs found
A European focus on proteomics
A report on the First International Symposium of the Austrian Proteomics Platform, Seefeld, Austria, 26-29 January 2004
Einfluss der periprozeduralen Gabe von Cangrelor auf die Plättchenfunktion bei Patienten mit akutem Koronarsyndrom
"Patienten mit einem ACS, die sich einer PCI unterziehen, haben ein hohes Risiko während dem Eingriff oder in der darauffolgenden Zeit ischämische Ereignisse zu erleiden. Eine sofortige, effektive Plättchenhemmung stellt einen wichtigen Baustein in der Behandlungsstrategie eines jeden Kardiologen dar. Mit Cangrelor ist seit Mitte 2015 ein intravenöser, effektiver, nebenwirkungsarmer und gut steuerbarer Thrombozytenaggregationshemmer auf dem Markt.
Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, das Ausmaß der Plättchenhem¬mung bei Patienten mit ACS während der Behandlung mit Cangrelor sowie der medizinisch entscheidenden Übergangsphase zu oralen P2Y12-Inhibitoren zu bestimmen.
Insgesamt umfasste die Studie 21 Patienten, die mit Cangrelor behandelt wurden und weitere 21 Patienten, die aus einer historischen Studienpopulation die Kontrollgruppe bildeten. Dabei wurde das Maß der Plättcheninhibition mit dem MEA-System zu den vier verschiedenen Messzeitpunkten bestimmt: T1 – vor der PCI; T2 - nach der PCI; T3 – nach Ende der Infusion; T4 – zwei Stunden danach. Dabei zeigte sich sowohl unmittelbar nach Cangrelorgabe als auch während der Übergangsphase zu oralen P2Y12-Hemmern eine sofortige und effektive Thrombozytenhemmung. Wir konnten dabei keine Low-responder beobachten.
Darüberhinaus konnte Cangrelor im Vergleich mit einer historischen Kontrollgruppe, deren Patienten nur Prasugrel oder Ticagrelor zum Beginn der PCI erhalten hatten, ein signifikant höheres Niveau an Plättchenhemmung zum Ende der PCI erzielen. Obwohl die Patienten ein hohes Risiko für Stentthrombosen und Blutungen besaßen, konnten wir keine kurzzeitig großen oder klinisch relevanten Blutungen festmachen.
Zusammengefasst bestärken die Ergebnisse dieser Studie einen Einsatz von Cangrelor als eine neue effiziente Behandlungsmöglichkeit für das Kollektiv der Hochrisikopatienten mit ACS, die sich einer PCI unterziehen und nicht schon einen oralen P2Y12-Hemmer erhalten haben."
Quelle: Dissertation Pascal Christian Spahn, Einfluss der periprozeduralen Gabe von Cangrelor auf die Plättchenfunktion bei Patienten mit akutem Koronarsyndro
HemoCue®, an Accurate Bedside Method of Hemoglobin Measurement?
Objective. Evaluate the accuracy of this bedside method to determinehemoglobin (Hb) concentration in general surgery over a wide range of Hbvalues and to determine potential sources of error. Methods. Accuracy of Hbmeasurement using HemoCue® (AB Leo Diagnostics, Helsinborg, Sweden) wasassessed in 140 surgical blood samples using 7 HemoCue® devices incomparison with a CO-Oximeter (IL 482, Instrumentation Laboratory,Lexington, MA). To analyze potential sources of error, packed red cells andfresh frozen plasma were reconstituted to randomized Hb levels of 2-18g/dL. Results. In the surgical blood samples, the Hb concentrationdetermined by the CO-Oximeter (HbCOOX) ranged from 5.1 to 16.7 g/dL and theHb concentration measured by HemoCue® (HbHC) from 4.7 to 16.0 g/dL. Bias(HbCOOX - HbHC) between HbCOOX and HbHC was 0.6 ± 0.6 g/dL(mean ± SD) or 5.4 ± 5.0% (p < 0.001). Also in thereconstituted blood, the bias between HbCOOX and HbHC was significant (0.2± 0.3 g/dL or 2.1 ± 3.2%; p < 0.001). Themicrocuvette explained 68% of the variability between HbCOOX andHbHC. HemoCue® thus underestimates the Hb concentration by2-5% and exhibits a 8-10 times higher variability withonly 86.4% of HbHC being within ± 10% of HbCOOX.Conclusion. Although the mean bias between HbCOOX and HbHC was relativelylow, Hb measurement by HemoCue® exhibited a significant variability.Loading multiple microcuvettes and averaging the results may increase theaccuracy of Hb measurement by HemoCue
Iron Sucrose: A Wealth of Experience in Treating Iron Deficiency
Iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in a wide range of conditions. In many patient populations, this can be treated effectively with oral iron supplementation; but in patients who are unable to take or who do not respond to oral iron therapy, intravenous iron administration is recommended. Furthermore, in certain conditions, such as end-stage kidney disease, chronic heart failure, and inflammatory bowel disease, intravenous iron administration has become first-line treatment. One of the first available intravenous iron preparations is iron sucrose (Venofer®), a nanomedicine that has been used clinically since 1949. Treatment with iron sucrose is particularly beneficial owing to its ability to rapidly increase hemoglobin, ferritin, and transferrin saturation levels, with an acceptable safety profile. Recently, important new data relating to the use of iron sucrose, including the findings from the landmark PIVOTAL trial in patients with end-stage kidney disease, have been reported. Several years ago, a number of iron sucrose similars became available, although there have been concerns about the clinical appropriateness of substituting the original iron sucrose with an iron sucrose similar because of differences in efficacy and safety. This is a result of the complex and unique physicochemical properties of nanomedicines such as iron sucrose, which make copying the molecule difficult and problematic. In this review, we summarize the evidence accumulated during 70 years of clinical experience with iron sucrose in terms of efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness
Parameters affecting baseline hip function in patients with cam-derived femoroacetabular impingement syndrome: data analysis from the German Cartilage Registry
Background
Using the database of the German Cartilage Registry (KnorpelRegister DGOU), this study aims to present patient- and joint-related baseline data in a large cohort of patients with cam-derived femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI) and to detect symptom-determining factors.
Materials and methods
Requiring cam morphology as the primary pathology, 362 patients were found to be eligible for inclusion in the study. The assessment of preoperative baseline data was performed using the patient-reported outcome measure—International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-33). Descriptive statistics were performed to present baseline data. Univariate and multiple regression with post hoc testing were used to identify patient- and joint-related factors that might affect the preoperative iHOT-33 and its subscores, respectively.
Results
The study collective’s mean age was 36.71 ± 10.89 years, with 246 (68%) of them being male. The preoperative mean iHOT-33 total was 46.31 ± 20.33 with the subsection “sports and recreational activities” presenting the strongest decline (26.49 ± 20.68). The parameters “age,” “sex,” “body mass index” (BMI), and the confirmation of “previous surgery on the affected hip” were identified to statistically affect the preoperative iHOT-33. In fact, a significantly lower mean baseline score was found in patients aged > 40 years (p < 0.001), female sex (p < 0.001), BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (p = 0.002) and in patients with previous surgery on the affected hip (p = 0.022). In contrast, the parameters defect grade and size, labral tears, and symptom duration delivered no significant results.
Conclusions
A distinct reduction in the baseline iHOT-33, with mean total scores being more than halved, was revealed. The parameters “age > 40 years,” “female sex,” “BMI ≥ 25,” and confirmation of “previous surgery on the affected hip” were detected as significantly associated with decreased preoperative iHOT-33 scores. These results help to identify symptom-defining baseline characteristics of cam-derived FAI syndrome.
Trial registration: The German Cartilage Registry is conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and registered at germanctr.de (DRKS00005617). Registered 3 January 2014—retrospectively registered. The registration of data was approved by the local ethics committees of every participating institution. Primary approval was given by the ethics committee at the University of Freiburg (No. 105/13). https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS0000561
Structure of the 80S Ribosome from Saccharomyces cerevisiae—tRNA-Ribosome and Subunit-Subunit Interactions
AbstractA cryo-EM reconstruction of the translating yeast 80S ribosome was analyzed. Computationally separated rRNA and protein densities were used for docking of appropriately modified rRNA models and homology models of yeast ribosomal proteins. The core of the ribosome shows a remarkable degree of conservation. However, some significant differences in functionally important regions and dramatic changes in the periphery due to expansion segments and additional ribosomal proteins are evident. As in the bacterial ribosome, bridges between the subunits are mainly formed by RNA contacts. Four new bridges are present at the periphery. The position of the P site tRNA coincides precisely with its prokaryotic counterpart, with mainly rRNA contributing to its molecular environment. This analysis presents an exhaustive inventory of an eukaryotic ribosome at the molecular level
Divergent architecture of the heterotrimeric NatC complex explains N-terminal acetylation of cognate substrates
The heterotrimeric NatC complex, comprising the catalytic Naa30 and the two auxiliary subunits Naa35 and Naa38, co-translationally acetylates the N-termini of numerous eukaryotic target proteins. Despite its unique subunit composition, its essential role for many aspects of cellular function and its suggested involvement in disease, structure and mechanism of NatC have remained unknown. Here, we present the crystal structure of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae NatC complex, which exhibits a strikingly different architecture compared to previously described N-terminal acetyltransferase (NAT) complexes. Cofactor and ligand-bound structures reveal how the first four amino acids of cognate substrates are recognized at the Naa30–Naa35 interface. A sequence-specific, ligand-induced conformational change in Naa30 enables efficient acetylation. Based on detailed structure–function studies, we suggest a catalytic mechanism and identify a ribosome-binding patch in an elongated tip region of NatC. Our study reveals how NAT machineries have divergently evolved to N-terminally acetylate specific subsets of target proteins
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