INTERDISCIPLINARITY IN RESEARCH OF MODERN FAMILY

This article discusses the possibilities of using the knowledge of social anthropology for the development of social work. Social work often uses common terminology, approaches and research techniques together with other social sciences. Particular segment of social work as well as social anthropology focus on similar subjects - family, group, community. In these cases, social work can benefit from the research techniques of social anthropology. In our paper, we focus on the use of participatory visual methods to work with the family and the community. Participatory video is a set of techniques to involve a group or community in shaping and creating their own film on the topic of their own interest. It is the way of bringing people together to explore. It can be a highly effective tool to engage and mobilise marginalised people and to help them implement their own forms of sustainable development based on local needs. The article is one of results of particular research tasks in the project reg. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0209 - Development and support of multidisciplinary scientific research team for the study of contemporary family UHK

INTERDISCIPLINARITY IN RESEARCH OF MODERN FAMILY

This article discusses the possibilities of using the knowledge of social anthropology for the development of social work. Social work often uses common terminology, approaches and research techniques together with other social sciences. Particular segment of social work as well as social anthropology focus on similar subjects - family, group, community. In these cases, social work can benefit from the research techniques of social anthropology. In our paper, we focus on the use of participatory visual methods to work with the family and the community. Participatory video is a set of techniques to involve a group or community in shaping and creating their own film on the topic of their own interest. It is the way of bringing people together to explore. It can be a highly effective tool to engage and mobilise marginalised people and to help them implement their own forms of sustainable development based on local needs. The article is one of results of particular research tasks in the project reg. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0209 - Development and support of multidisciplinary scientific research team for the study of contemporary family UHK

Current Issues of the Service Relationship of Security Forces Members in the Court of Justice Case Law and the Impact on Public Service Practice

The paper examines selected decisions of the European Court of Justice concerning the dismissal from service of members of the security forces. The article focuses on members' health capacity loss. The paper also highlights related issues such as ordering and reimbursing overtime work and duty readiness. The paper points out how the European Court of Justice case law influences the decision-making activity of service officials in general. The Czech armed corps practice and case law exemplify research issues. The authors place the solution to individual questions in the broader context of legal regulation to enable a more comprehensive understanding. The authors underline the critical attributes on which the service relationship of members of the security forces is conceptually built and controlled. Considering the most significant judgments of the European Court of Justice, the authors pond over the implementation of service relationship principles into European member states' legal and managerial practice. The authors examine the mentioned challenges through desk research and analyses of European and national legal legislation and case law. In conclusion, the authors evaluate the practical service needs of the security forces concerning the medical fitness of their members. Future legislation should consider the demands for physical fitness and psychological resilience, as well as the need for digital literacy of a public servant

Mathematical modelling of supercritical CO2 extraction of volatile oils from aromatic plants

The modelling of the experimental data of the extraction of the volatile oil from six aromatic plants (coriander, fennel, savoury, winter savoury, cotton lavender and thyme) was performed using five mathematical models, based on differential mass balances. In all cases the extraction was internal diffusion controlled and the internal mass transfer coefficienty (k(s)) have been found to change with pressure, temperature and particle size. For fennel, savoury and cotton lavender, the external mass transfer and the equilibrium phase also influenced the second extraction period, since k(s) changed with the tested flow rates. In general, the axial dispersion coefficient could be neglected for the conditions studied, since Peclet numbers were high. On the other hand, the solute-matrix interaction had to be considered in order to ensure a satisfactory description of the experimental data

Detection of Microscale Mass-Transport Regimes in Supercritical Fluid Extraction

© 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, WeinheimThe problem of detecting supercritical fluid extraction regimes on the particle-scale level is discussed by using a generalized multiparameter model, which includes the shrinking-core (SC) and broken-and-intact-cells (BIC) approaches as its limiting cases. The model accounts for two internal mass-transfer resistances attributed to cell membranes and transport channels. A wide spectrum of particle-scale extraction regimes, described by the model, agree with available up-to-date relatively short laboratory experiments. Simplified concepts (like SC or BIC) could only be used for available experimental data correlation, and do not allow a reliable extension to long process times. The experimental methodology was suggested to detect limiting internal mass-transfer mechanisms

Evaluation of peroxidative stress of cancer cells in vitro by real time quantification of volatile aldehydes in culture headspace

Rationale Peroxidation of lipids in cellular membranes results in the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including saturated aldehydes. The real‐time quantification of trace VOCs produced by cancer cells during peroxidative stress presents a new challenge to non‐invasive clinical diagnostics, which as described here, we have met with some success. Methods A combination of selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT‐MS), a technique that allows rapid, reliable quantification of VOCs in humid air and liquid headspace, and electrochemistry to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro has been used. Thus, VOCs present in the headspace of CALU‐1 cancer cell line cultures exposed to ROS have been monitored and quantified in real time using SIFT‐MS. Results The CALU‐1 lung cancer cells were cultured in 3D collagen to mimic in vivo tissue. Real‐time SIFT‐MS analyses focused on the volatile aldehydes: propanal, butanal, pentanal, hexanal, heptanal and malondialdehyde (propanedial), that are expected to be products of cellular membrane peroxidation. All six aldehydes were identified in the culture headspace, each reaching peak concentrations during the time of exposure to ROS and eventually reducing as the reactants were depleted in the culture. Pentanal and hexanal were the most abundant, reaching concentrations of a few hundred parts‐per‐billion by volume, ppbv, in the culture headspace. Conclusions The results of these experiments demonstrate that peroxidation of cancer cells in vitro can be monitored and evaluated by direct real‐time analysis of the volatile aldehydes produced. The combination of adopted methodology potentially has value for the study of other types of VOCs that may be produced by cellular damage

Mass Transfer Coefficients and Correlation of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Sarawak Black Pepper

Bioactive compound, namely piperine, was extracted from Sarawak black pepper using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. Experiments were carried out in the range of 3,000–5,000 psi (20.7–34.4 MPa) pressures, 318–328 K temperatures, 0.4–1 mm mean particle sizes and 5–10 ml/min carbon dioxide flow rates. Experimental data analysis shows that extraction yield is mainly influenced by pressure, particle size and coupled-interactions between these two variables. Extraction process was modeled accounting for intraparticle diffusion and external mass transfer. The kinetics parameters for the internal and external mass transfers were evaluated and estimated. Mass transfer correlation was also developed. From simulation results, good agreement between experimental and simulated data has been found

Which health professionals are most at risk for cardiovascular disease? Or do not be a manager

Objectives: Health care workers constitute a high-risk occupational category owing to the character of their work that includes high-risk environment, shift work and mental as well as physical stress. In occupational medicine, caring for their health condition should be a priority and include measures aimed at preventing cardiovascular diseases. The study aimed at determining the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in employees of a large hospital and assessing their effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events. Materials and Methods: The group comprised 3124 employees with a mean age of 36.1 years (SD = 11.4), out of whom 562 were males (mean age of 37.1 years, range: 18-72; SD = 12.26) and 2562 were females (mean age of 35.9 years, range: 18-68; SD = 11.24). At their initial examination, the employees filled in a questionnaire on basic CVD risk factors (according to valid recommendations). This was supplemented with objective data to determine the risk of CVD using valid charts. From this group, a subset of persons at a high or intermediate risk was selected, comprising 247 individuals with a mean age of 54.1 years (SD = 5.73). After 5-9 years (mean 7.24±1.38 years), they either underwent another examination or their health status was ascertained by phone or in a computer database. The end point was the incidence of cardiovascular events (sudden death, acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, percutaneous coronary intervention, cardiac failure, stroke or transient ischemic attack). Results: The end point was noted in a total of 15 males (6.07%) and 6 females (2.42%), being statistically significantly present in managers (males p < 0.00007, females p < 0.00001), male physicians/surgeons (p < 0.025), tertiary-educated males (p < 0.0095), female smokers (p < 0.015), male ex-smokers (p < 0.007), overweight or obese males (p < 0.02) and those with the waist-to-hip ratio above 1.0 (p < 0.005). Conclusions: Cardiovascular events are most likely to occur in obese male physicians/surgeons holding managerial positions and in female managers