Ecological phytochemistry of Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) plants

The Cerrado (the Brazilian savanna) is one of the vegetation formations of great biodiversity in Brazil and it has experienced strong deforestation and fragmentation. The Cerrado must contain at least 12,000 higher plant species.We discuss the ecological relevance of phytochemical studies carried out on plants from the Cerrado, including examples of phytotoxicity, antifungal, insecticidal and antibacterial activities. The results have been classified according to activity and plant family. The most active compounds have been highlighted and other activities are discussed. A large number of complex biochemical interactions occur in this system. However, only a small fraction of the species has been studied from the phytochemical viewpoint to identify the metabolites responsible for these interactions

Descrição de Recursos Multimídia no Contexto de Patrimônio Cultural Digital

The article reflects on opportunities and challenges that information and communication technologies have been providing for the context of the organization and preservation of cultural heritage. To this end, it aims to present the result of the analysis of knowledge resources, including metadata standards, vocabularies, models and ontologies aimed at the description of cultural objects in diverse media. The main contribution of this research is to bring to light the existing standards addressed to the description of documents intended for researchers who interpret, manipulate and generate multimedia files, especially for cultural collections available on the Web. Methodologically, the NeOn Methodology guide was used for identification, selection and analysis involving ontological and non-ontological resources available on the Web, namely the ISO MPEG-7, Dublin Core and VRA Core metadata standards and the Media Ontology, COMM and M3 Multimedia ontologies. The results achieved contribute to the prospect of possible solutions for the treatment of the various types of metadata existing for the description of digital cultural collections with multimedia content

Descrição de Recursos Multimídia no Contexto de Patrimônio Cultural Digital

The article reflects on opportunities and challenges that information and communication technologies have been providing for the context of the organization and preservation of cultural heritage. To this end, it aims to present the result of the analysis of knowledge resources, including metadata standards, vocabularies, models and ontologies aimed at the description of cultural objects in diverse media. The main contribution of this research is to bring to light the existing standards addressed to the description of documents intended for researchers who interpret, manipulate and generate multimedia files, especially for cultural collections available on the Web. Methodologically, the NeOn Methodology guide was used for identification, selection and analysis involving ontological and non-ontological resources available on the Web, namely the ISO MPEG-7, Dublin Core and VRA Core metadata standards and the Media Ontology, COMM and M3 Multimedia ontologies. The results achieved contribute to the prospect of possible solutions for the treatment of the various types of metadata existing for the description of digital cultural collections with multimedia content

Anti mycobacterial activity of 4 '-bromo-[1,1 '-biphenyl]-4-yl 4-x-phenylmethanone derivatives, and their acute toxicity and cytotoxicity

The antimycobacterial activity of nine biphenyl methanone (BPM) derivatives against standard strains of Mycobacterium kansasii, M. avium and M. malmoense was determined by colorimetric assay in microplates with the dye Alamar Blue. Acute toxicity of these compounds was also analyzed by determination of CO(2) concentration in a respirometric assay using Escherichia coli. The compounds showed weak antimycobacterial activity with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) over 0.038 mmol l(-1) and no toxicity was found in E. coli up to 400 mmol l(-1). No cytotoxicity was observed on V79 cells up to 0.35 mmol l(-1) with 7 of the BPM derivatives, with two exceptions (X = SO(2)CH(3), NO(2)) that showed some toxicity. The greatest antimycobacterial activity was observed with the SO(2)CH(3) derivative and the application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed a relationship between structure and antimycobacterial activity of the compounds. Two descriptors, nucleophilic superdelocalizability of carbon atom and pi -hydrophobic constant, were necessary to describe this relationship.561187187

Synthesis, antimycobacterial activities and cytotoxicity on V79 of 3-[4 '-Y-(1,1 '-biphenyl)-4-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-3-(4-X-phenyl)-2-propen-1-amine derivatives

The derivatives of 3-(4'-bromo-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-(4-X-phenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-propen-1-amine (5a-m) were synthesised through a Friedel-Crafts acylation followed by Wittig reaction. The effects of the compounds on standard strains or Mycobacterium sp. (ATCC) and V. tuberculosis isolated from clinical specimens were evaluated. Also the toxicity was determined on V79 cells line using neutral red uptake (NRU), nucleic acid content (NAC) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction to measure the cellular viability. (C) 2001 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS.361084385

As rupturas sociais e o cotidiano de pessoas em situação de rua: estudo etnográfico

RESUMO Objetivo Conhecer os fatores geradores das rupturas das redes sociais de suporte, identificar o cotidiano e os projetos de vida de pessoas em situação de rua. Método Estudo etnográfico desenvolvido entre 2012 e 2013 em Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brasil. Quinze pessoas participaram do estudo. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas de histórias de vida filmadas e de diário de campo. A análise foi realizada com base no referencial da Teoria da Ação Comunicativa de Habermas. Resultados Os resultados mostraram que iniquidades estão presentes há gerações passadas nas famílias e que o cotidiano é marcado por violência e morte, pobreza e exclusão, rupturas das redes sociais e isolamento, uso de álcool e outras drogas e doenças socialmente determinadas. Conclusão A situação de rua decorre de múltiplos fatores que se apresentam na organização social brasileira e de determinantes sociais que condicionam a vida e a saúde das pessoas em situação de rua