Uso de drogas e o aumento das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis: uma revisão sistemática: Drug use and the increase in sexually transmitted infections: a systematic review

Populações de usuários de drogas têm sido associadas a epidemias de infecções ou Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis, especialmente a infecção pelo HIV (que está associada a drogas injetáveis, uso de equipamentos contaminados para drogas injetáveis e sexo inseguro). A droga mais associada às DSTs é a cocaína fumável de base livre (crack), devido ao aumento dos comportamentos sexuais de risco. Diante disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender o impacto do uso de drogas no aumento das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Para isso, adotou-se como metodologia a revisão sistemática de literatura, realizando buscas nas bases de dados Scielo, Pubmed e BVS/Medline a partir do uso de descritores DeCS/MeSH e aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão. A partir da análise e interpretação dos dados, concluiu-se que que pessoas que fazem uso abusivo de drogas lícitas ou ilícitas, sejam elas mulheres, homens, adolescentes, jovens, adultos, idosos, em situação de rua ou não, tendem a desenvolver comportamentos vulneráveis que pode resultar em IST. Somado a isso, enquanto comportamento de risco, tem-se a preferência por não usar preservativo, seja em relações sexuais com pessoas monogâmicas como com dois ou mais parceiros. Nesses casos, tanto o uso exacerbado de drogas como a falta de informação sobre comportamento sexual demonstram-se insuficientes

Os conteúdos de educação física: uma análise dos relatórios de estágio supervisionado

The objective of this study was to analyze the frequency of Physical Education content in the Supervised Practice reports. This research has a documentary and exploratory nature, and was carried out through a qualitative and quantitative approach, analyzing 66 reports of Practice in Fundamental Teaching and Secondary Education, prepared by academics who graduated in 2016 from a Federal University. The content that was most developed in the Practice of the first years of the Fundamental Teaching were recreational activities (32.3%); in the stage that covers the last years of the Fundamental Education and of the Secondary Education, the first place was occupied by the volleyball sports modality (22% and 38%, respectively). It is concluded that the academics demonstrated creativity to plan the classes, given the difficulty to find specific materials in public schools, as well as an appropriate place to perform such sports practice.En este estudio se propuso analizar la frecuencia del contenido de Educación Física en los informes de la Práctica Supervisada. Esta investigación tiene un carácter documental y exploratorio, y se realizó por medio de un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, analizando 66 informes de Práctica en la Enseñanza Fundamental y Enseñanza Media, elaborados por académicos que se graduaron en 2016 de una Universidad Federal. El contenido que más se desarrolló en la Práctica de los primeros años de la  Enseñanza Fundamental fueron las actividades recreativas (32,3%); en la etapa que abarca los últimos años de la Enseñanza Fundamental y de la Enseñanza Media, el primer puesto lo ocupó la modalidad deportiva de voleibol (22% y 38%, respectivamente). Se concluye que los académicos demostraron creatividad para planificar las clases, dada la dificultad para encontrar materiales específicos en las escuelas públicas, así como un lugar apropiado para realizar tal práctica deportiva.Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a frequência dos conteúdos de Educação Física nos relatórios de Estágio Supervisionado. A pesquisa é caracterizada como documental e exploratória, de caráter quali-quantitativo, realizada com 66 relatórios de Estágio do Ensino Fundamental e Ensino Médio de acadêmicos concluintes no ano de 2016 de uma Universidade Federal. O conteúdo mais desenvolvido no estágio das séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental consistiu em atividades recreativas (32,3%), já no estágio das séries finais do Ensino Fundamental e no Ensino Médio, foi a modalidade esportiva de voleibol (22% e 38% respectivamente). Concluímos que os acadêmicos se mostraram criativos ao desenvolver os planejamentos das aulas, considerando as dificuldades em encontrar nas escolas públicas materiais específicos e local apropriado para a prática esportiva. &nbsp

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

Sustainability Agenda for the Pantanal Wetland: Perspectives on a Collaborative Interface for Science, Policy, and Decision-Making

International audienceBuilding bridges between environmental and political agendas is essential nowadays in face of the increasing human pressure on natural environments, including wetlands. Wetlands provide critical ecosystem services for humanity and can generate a considerable direct or indirect income to the local communities. To meet many of the sustainable development goals, we need to move our trajectory from the current environmental destructive development to a wiser wetland use. The current article contain a proposed agenda for the Pantanal aiming the improvement of public policy for conservation in the Pantanal, one of the largest, most diverse, and continuous inland wetland in the world. We suggest and discuss a list of 11 essential interfaces between science, policy, and development in region linked to the proposed agenda. We believe that a functional science network can booster the collaborative capability to generate creative ideas and solutions to address the big challenges faced by the Pantanal wetland