A revolução nos palcos russos: O Mistério-bufo (1918/1921) de Vladímir Maiakóvski

We present some reflections on the play Mystery-Bouffe and its reception. Written by Russian poet and playwright Vladimir Mayakovsky, the play was staged by the Russian actor and theater director Vsevolod Meyerhold. Initially made for the one-year celebrations of the Russian Revolution, the play was criticized by both artists and party members, so that it could be rewritten by Maiakovsky and reassembled three years later, succeeding. The reasons for these changes will be analyzed here. In addition, the views of the three main political leaders of the Soviet Union, Lenin, Trotsky and Stalin, on the work of Mayakovsky, will be analyzed in order to provide reflections on possible similarities and distinctions between the artistic vanguards and the political vanguards.CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoTrabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação)Apresentamos algumas reflexões sobre a peça Mistério-Bufo e sua recepção. Escrita pelo poeta e dramaturgo russo Vladimir Maiakóvski, a peça foi encenada pelo ator e diretor teatral russo Vsévolod Meierhold. Inicialmente feita para as comemorações de um ano da Revolução Russa, a peça sofreu críticas tanto de artistas quanto de membros do partido, de modo a ser reescrita por Maiakóvski e montada novamente três anos depois, obtendo êxito. Os motivos dessas mudanças serão aqui analisados. Além disso, serão analisadas as opiniões dos três principais líderes políticos da União Soviética, Lênin, Trotsky e Stálin, sobre a obra de Maiakóvski, de modo a tecer reflexões sobre possíveis semelhanças e distinções entre as vanguardas artísticas e as vanguardas políticas

Análise multicritério para a seleção de uma área de conservação na maior savana da Amazônia

A maior área contínua de savana do Bioma Amazônia situa-se no estado de Roraima sendo conhecida localmente como Lavrado. Este trabalho apresenta o método estabelecido por gestores, e pesquisadores analistas ambientais para indicar áreas potenciais para a conservação do Lavrado baseada em multicritérios quantitativos que deveriam: (1) valorizar a heterogeneidade da paisagem, (2) considerar as propostas de uso do solo do Zoneamento Ecológico Econômico de Roraima (ZEE-RR) e (3) facilitar o processo de gestão e fiscalização de uma unidade de conservação (UC). Doze critérios e seus indicadores quantitativos foram definidos para calcular o valor de conservação das áreas considerando a representatividade dos indicadores e o peso atribuído para cada critério. Três regiões foram pré-selecionadas pela baixa ocupação do solo. A Serra da Lua obteve maior pontuação (15,18), seguida pela Serra do Tucano (10,35) e Rio Jauari (9,81). Os pontos somados nos três principais critérios (área de lavrado, insubstituibilidade das fitofisionomias e heterogeneidade da paisagem) igualam as regiões em termos de valor ecológico. Os critérios relacionados à gestão de UC foram imprescindíveis para o desempate das áreas. A região da Serra da Lua se destacou por apresentar 69% da sua área indicada para conservação no zoneamento estadual. A falta de dados atualizados sobre o uso da terra e de dados sistematizados sobre biodiversidade foram as principais dificuldades enfrentadas nesta avaliação. Esse estudo representa a primeira iniciativa conhecida de integração de órgãos de gestão ambiental e pesquisa para indicar uma área de conservação no estado de Roraima a partir de critérios quantitativo

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Foreign body in the tongue of a cat - A case report

ABSTRACT. Fonteles Z.G.C., Quessada A.M., Carvalho C.J.S., Souza A.B., Sousa J.M., Costa P.M. & Alcântara D.S. [Foreign body in the tongue of a cat - A case report.] Corpo estranho na língua de um gato - Relato de caso. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 36(4):380-382, 2014. Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Rua Visconde de Parnaíba, 3377, Apto. 1301, Ininga, Teresina, PI 64049-570, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] Gastrointestinal foreign bodies are not common in cat due to selective alimentary habits. However, when it occurs, are in the most, linear foreign bodies, which can to cause severe clinic signs and until death of the animal. Foreign bodies lodged in the tongue are rare in all species. This paper reports a rare case of foreign body in the tongue of a cat. The animal was attended in a teaching hospital with nausea and anorexia. Due to intense salivation, a radiographic examination of the skull was performed and revealed a radiopaque foreign body embedded in the tongue. The cat was referred to surgical procedure and removal of the object (a needle). For needle withdrawal an incision on anterior surface of the tongue was performed, and allowed easy removal of the needle. After the surgery, the animal stayed hospitalized, time for administration of the antibiotics and anti-inflammatory Two days after the surgery the animal was discharged and had fully recovered. No similar cases were found about feline

Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of a Novel Push Low-Cost Hand-Held Dynamometer for Knee Strength Assessment during Different Force Ranges

The objective was to assess the instrumental validity and the test–retest reliability of a low-cost hand-held push dynamometer adapted from a load-cell based hanging scale (tHHD) to collect compressive forces in different ranges of compressive forces. Three independent raters applied 50 pre-established compressions each on the tHHD centered on a force platform in three distinct ranges: ~70 N, ~160 N, ~250 N. Knee isometric strength was also assessed on 19 subjects in two sessions (48 h apart) using the tHHD anchored by an inelastic adjustable strap. Knee extension and flexion were assessed with the participant seated on a chair with the feet resting on the floor, knees, and hips flexed at 90°. The isometric force peaks were recorded and compared. The ICC and the Cronbach’s α showed excellent consistency and agreement for both instrumental validity and test–retest reliability (range: 0.89–0.99), as the correlation and determination coefficients (range: 0.80–0.99). The SEM and the MDC analysis returned adequate low values with a coefficient of variation less than 5%. The Bland–Altman results showed consistency and high levels of agreement. The tHHD is a valid method to assess the knee isometric strength, showing portability, cost-effectiveness, and user-friendly interface to provide an effective form to assess the knee isometric strength

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.13Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt