EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF DROWNING DEATHS IN THE STATE OF TOCANTINS FROM 2010 TO 2014

RESUMO Objetivo: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por afogamento no estado do Tocantins no período de 2010 a 2014. Métodos: Análise dos dados obtidos através da plataforma online do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DataSus). Resultados: No período, foram registrados 337 óbitos por afogamento e submersão acidentais, desses, 82,19% eram do sexo masculino e 17,21%, do sexo feminino. A faixa etária com maior número de casos foi de 20 a 29 anos com 17,51%. Observou-se que 116 vítimas apresentavam entre 1 e 7 anos de estudo, 46, mais de 7 anos, 42, não tinham escolaridade e em 133 ocorrências (39,96%) o dado foi ignorado. O mês com o maior número de ocorrências foi julho com 59 óbitos (17,5%). Os municípios que registraram maior número de mortes foram Palmas (10,97%), Araguaína (6,82%) e Porto Nacional (6,23%). Considerações finais: Os óbitos por afogamento implicam prejuízos econômicos diretos e indiretos, como aqueles empregados para o salvamento e secundários à perda de indivíduos jovens e potencialmente produtivos. Comprova-se então a importância do tema para saúde pública e a necessidade de planejamento e a alocação de recursos em ações de prevenção e para a proteção dos grupos de maior risco.         Palavras-chave: Afogamento, Mortalidade, Epidemiologia, Sistemas de informação. ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the drowning death's epidemiological profile in the Brazilian State of Tocantins between 2010 and 2014. Methods: Data analysis from the information obtained through the Unified Health System's Information Technology Department (DataSus). Results: 337 deaths secondary to incidental drowning and submersion were reported, 82,19% of the victims were males and 17,21%, females. The largest number of occurrences happened to subjects ranging from 20 to 29 years. 116 of the victims had attended school from 1 to 7 years, 46, more than 7 years, 42, never had gone to school and in 33 occurrences (39,96%) this information was ignored. July registered most of the deaths (17,5%). The highest number of deaths were reported in the cities of Palmas (10,97%), Araguaína (6,82%) e Porto Nacional (6,23%). Final considerations: Drowning deaths imply direct and indirect economic losses, like those spent in water rescue and due to the destitution of young and potentially productive individuals from society. That proves the matter's relevance to Public health and the need of planning and allocating resources in prevention and protection of the most endangered groups.                                                 Keywords: Drowning, Mortality, Epidemiology, Information systems

Sistemas de informação desenvolvidos no âmbito do Programa Aveiro Norte

O propósito deste artigo é o de demonstrar o relevo que os sistemas de informação têm em todo o processo de criação e desenvolvimento de uma nova oferta formativa potenciada pela Universidade de Aveiro no norte do distrito. Inicialmente, e com o intuito de desenvolver ferramentas para a gestão e administração do Programa Aveiro-Norte, criou-se o website do Programa Aveiro-Norte. A sua forte aderência por parte dos vários actores envolvidos na utilização do mesmo sistema, deu origem a novos inputs com vista ao aperfeiçoamento do mesmo, bem como novos sistemas que promovem uma maior interacção com o tecido empresarial da região. Apresentamos, de uma forma sucinta e clara, os vários sistemas em produção e desenvolvimento e como é que interagem no ‘Universo Aveiro-Norte’, dando origem a um portal informativo que promova todas as entidades envolvidas criando um fluxo de informação comum. De salientar, a plataforma Aveiro- Norte, o ABC – Arquivo Bibliográfico para a Produção Científica, o SIEEDV - Sistema de Informação Empresarial Entre o Douro e Vouga e OFEDV – Oferta Formativa de Entre o Douro e Vouga

MACHINABILITY OF PURE METALS BY ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) involves the generation of micro-plasmas subjected to high temperature and pressure to promote the material removal. Hence, to understand the material removal mechanism it is of great importance the knowledge of the interaction plasma-solid. Knowing how physical and chemical properties of materials affect heat transfer at the electrode surface, how this eventually affects electrical properties of the plasma channel over the discharge time are key issues to achieve a better understanding of this machining technology. This research attempts to provide some answers to these issues by means of single plasma discharge tests under laboratory-controlled conditions carried out on pure and low-alloyed materials in favour of comprehensiveness and forthcoming numerical modelling. These results demonstrate that material eroded volume is correlated with process operating parameters and that crater morphology has presented a more regular shape in pure metals than in engineering materials. The machinability index of the materials under study has been determined by calculations of the eroded volume and electrical power measures. Further to the low predictability of the models presented in literature, it was also proposed a basic conceptual model referring to the morphology of the eroded craters

Prótese do tornozelo híbrida em um caso de necrose avascular pós-traumática do tálus

As fraturas do astrágalo originam frequentemente artrose pós-traumática tardia. Nestes casos, a utilização de próteses do tornozelo não cimentadas de última geração tem sido evitada pela presença de necrose avascular. Relatamos o caso de um paciente com 65 anos que se apresenta quatro anos após uma fratura do colo do astrágalo. Apresentava uma artrose do tornozelo dolorosa (escala AOFAS do retropé e tornozelo 19) e necrose avascular com colapso de toda a cúpula astragalina. Dada a extensão da necrose, foi decidido cimentar o componente protésico astragalino. Um ano após a cirurgia, o paciente apresenta bom resultado clínico e radiológico (escala AOFAS do retropé e tornozelo 87) e está satisfeito com o procedimento. Não temos conhecimento de nenhum relato semelhante na literatura.Talus fractures often lead to late post-traumatic arthrosis. In such cases, the use of latest generation, cementless prostheses has been hindered by the presence of avascular necrosis. We report the case of a 65-year-old patient who presented four years after a talus neck fracture. He had painful ankle arthrosis (AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score 19) and avascular necrosis, with collapse of the entire talar dome. Given the extent of the necrosis, it was decided to cement the talus prosthetic component. One year after the surgery, the patient shows good clinical and radiological results (AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score 87) and is satisfied with the procedure. We are not aware of any similar reports in the literature

Metallogenetic potencial of the Paleoproterozoic mafic-ultramafic Hamutenha intrusion (SW Angola). New data from PLANAGEO project [Abstract]

ABSTRACT: In the SW sector of the Angolan shield occur the Kunene Anorthositic Complex (KAC), one of the most remarkable magmatic anorthositic suites worldwide. The KAC is considered a long-lived magmatic system that operated in the area intermittently during the Mesoproterozoic (1450 ± 2 Ma to 1371 ± 2.5 Ma). Smaller mafic-ultramafic intrusive bodies ranging in composition from dunite to harzbugite, pyroxenite, troctolite and gabbro are located in the KAC periphery (e.g. Epupa, Ombuku, Hamutenha, Oncócua). The Hamutenha body is a 3 km long oriented NW-SE, banded intrusion with internal zonation hosted in the Paleoproterozoic granitic rocks (1970 ± 2 Ma). The internal zone is composed by rocks with ultramafic nature, mostly harzburgites and dunites with diorites in the external zone.N/

New insights on the ultramafic intrusions surrounding the Kunene Anorthosite Complex (SW Angola) from gravity, magnetic and radiometric data [Abstract]

ABSTRACT: The Kunene Anorthosite Complex (KAC), located in SW Angola, is one of the largest anorthosite structures in the world. Dating from the Mesoproterozoic, its installation process is still not clear. Several mafic and ultramafic outcrops can be found surrounding the KAC. Once considered related with its emplacement, the study of these bodies may help us understand the history of this unique geological feature. While geochronological data show that they are synchronous, or possibly a bit younger, than the embedding granites and migmatites of Paleoproterozoic age, the question arises of whether they are intrusions installed in the host rock or if they are instead recycled remains of older Arch crust. The development of these outcrops in depth provides relevant clues regarding the origin of these bodies and their relationship with the Eburnean (~1.93-2.04 Ga) and Epupa-Namibe (~1.83-1.74 Ga) events. One of these mafic outcrops, designated the Hamutenha outcrop (Huíla Province) exhibits an elongated shape and a NW-SE orientation and is characterized by an internal zonation. Generally, the innermost part is composed of ultramafic rocks of (mostly harzburgites and dunites), with diorites outcropping in its NW and SE borders. The Hamutenha outcrop was previously identified for potentially bearing Cr, Ni and PGE mineralization.N/

HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA E EVENTOS CARDIOVASCULARES NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS, BRASIL

Hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) é uma doença definida pela elevação mantida dos níveis pressóricos. Pode ser agravada pela presença de fatores de risco como dislipidemias, obesidade, intolerância à glicose, diabetes mellitus, tabagismo, sedentarismo, entre outros. Realizou-se estudo transversal a fim de determinar o perfil dos casos de HAS notificados no estado do Tocantins, Brasil, no período de 2002 a 2012. Foram coletadas e avaliadas informações presentes no banco de dados oficial do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). As variáveis analisadas foram idade, sexo, fatores de risco e ocorrência de complicações. Encontrou-se que, no estado do Tocantins, foram notificados 79.570 casos de HAS entre os anos de 2002 e 2012. A média anual foi de 7.233,64 casos/ano. Nesse período, 60,21% dos casos notificados correspondiam ao sexo feminino e 39,79% ao sexo masculino. Adultos acima de 40 anos de idade compreendeu o grupo etário mais acometido. O pico de ocorrência se deu em indivíduos entre 60 e 64 anos. Tabagismo, sobrepeso e sedentarismo, estiveram relacionados com muitos casos notificados, além de graves complicações cardiovasculares preveníveis. Sugere-se, então, que ações educativas de prevenção primária e secundária podem contribuir sobremaneira para diminuir a ocorrência desse agravo na região.              Palavras-chave: Hipertensão; Doenças cardiovasculares; Tocantins; Brasil. ABSTRACT Hypertension (HTN) is a disease defined by sustained elevation of blood pressure levels. It may be aggravated by the presence of risk factors such as dyslipidemia, obesity, glucose intolerance, diabetes mellitus, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, among others. A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the profile of cases of HTN reported in the state of Tocantins, Brazil, from 2002 to 2012. Data were collected and evaluated using the official database of the notification of invalidity information system. The analyzed variables were age, sex, risk factors and the occurrence of complications. It was found that in the state of Tocantins, 79,570 cases of HTN were reported between 2002 and 2012. The annual average was 7,233.64 cases/year. During this period, 60.21% of the reported cases were female and 39.79% were male. Adults over 40 years old comprised the most affected age group. The peak occurred in individuals between 60 and 64 years old. Smoking, overweight and sedentary lifestyle were related to many reported cases, as well as serious preventable cardiovascular complications. It is suggested, therefore, that educational actions of primary and secondary prevention can contribute greatly to reduce the occurrence of this disease in the region.                                                Keywords: Hypertension; Cardiovascular Events; Tocantins; Brazil

Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells decreases oxidative stress, apoptosis, and hippocampal damage in brain of a spontaneous stroke model

Stroke is the most common cause of motor disabilities and is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Adult stem cells have been shown to be effective against neuronal degeneration through mechanisms that include both the recovery of neurotransmitter activity and a decrease in apoptosis and oxidative stress. We chose the lineage stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) as a model for stem cell therapy. SHRSP rats can develop such severe hypertension that they generally suffer a stroke at approximately 1 year of age. the aim of this study was to evaluate whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) decrease apoptotic death and oxidative stress in existing SHRSP brain tissue. the results of qRT-PCR assays showed higher levels of the antiapoptotic BcI-2 gene in the MSC-treated animals, compared with untreated. Our study also showed that superoxide, apoptotic cells, and by-products of lipid peroxidation decreased in MSC-treated SHRSP to levels similar those found in the animal controls, Wistar Kyoto rats. in addition, we saw a repair of morphological damage at the hippocampal region after MSC transplantation. These data suggest that MSCs have neuroprotective and antioxidant potential in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. (c) 2014 the Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biofis, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Ctr Desenvolvimento Modelos Expt Med & Biol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morfol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Fisiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniv Santa Cecilia, Dept Odontol, Santos, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Nefrol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biofis, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Ctr Desenvolvimento Modelos Expt Med & Biol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morfol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Fisiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Nefrol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 05/60630-1FAPESP: 10/00106-5Web of Scienc

Correlation between fear of falling, eye-segmental coordination and dynamic balance in the elderly

Falls are well documented as being a major cause of accidental injury and deaths worldwide, especially among the elderly, with a higher probability of occurrence in the population over 60 years of age (WHO, 2021). Falls are preventable, but the consequences of falls can lead to injuries and may result in loss of independence. Decreased overall motor skills of the elderly, such as muscle strength, power, flexibility, agility, and endurance, cause walking difficulty (Spirduzo et al., 2005; Jeon M-Y, Choe M, 2002; Salzman, 2010), nevertheless, physical activity and exercise can contribute to maintaining the quality of life, health, physical function and reducing falls among older people (Gillespie et al., 2012; Tricco et al., 2017). Thus, the present study aims to analyse the association between fear of falling, eye-segmental coordination and dynamic balance in participants in a physical exercise program for the elderly. The sample consisted of 103 individuals (22 men and 81 women) with a mean age of 71.3 (±5.9) years, participants of a gerontomotricity municipal program from 5 different locations in the central region of Portugal. Wall Drop Punt Kick and Catch test was used to assess eye-segmental coordination, the Foot Up and Go test was used to assess dynamic balance, and the Falls Efficacy Scale International questionnaire was used to assess the fear of falling. Results confirm that higher levels of eye-segmental coordination are correlated both with dynamic balance and the fear of falling (r = - 0.39, p 0.05). With this study, it could be confirmed that higher levels of fear of falling in the older population are related to lower levels of eye-segmental coordination and lower levels of dynamic balance, emphasising the need to maintain or adopt active lifestyles that promote the development or at least, avoid the decrease of human motor skills performance