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Dante's Afterlife in Argentina
In the 1890s, BartolomĂ© Mitre (President of Argentina from 1862-1868) published a Spanish translation of the Divine Comedy that was as key to the diffusion of Dante in the RĂo de la Plata as Henry Wadsworth Longfellowâs English translation (1867) was in the U.S. This article examines Mitreâs motives for dedicating a decade of his life to the translation, as well as his mission to bring European (and specifically Italian) high culture to his fledgling nation. I have found Mitreâs reading of Dante to have important resonances with the readings of Risorgimento Italians such as Mazzini, who associated Dante with political unity, morality, and high culture. This study also examines Mitreâs role as an advocate of Italian immigration to Argentina
RUNNING IN LOWER LIMB AMPUTEES: ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF NEW SPORTS PROSTHETIC COMPONENTS
Until some years ago, running in lower limb amputees was basically restricted by the inadequate dimensions of available prosthetic components that usually did not allow for the adequate dynamics necessary for running at lower speeds. Newly developed prosthetic components for recreational sports have enabled a great number of lower limb amputees to participate in running as an endurance sport. The present paper compares biomechanical parameters representing the functional benefits that result from the use of these components. The results were used to define potential advantages and limitations of lower limb amputee running depending on the level of amputation. Running of TF amputees is characterised by specific constraints based on the absence of knee stabilising muscles and the technical features of prosthetic components
âIch will eine gute Mutter sein!â Neukonstruktion der âguten Mutterâ nach 1970 im Spiegel biografischen ErzĂ€hlens.
Die Dissertation beschĂ€ftigt sich mit realen ErzĂ€hlakten. Ausgangsmaterial sind die verbalisierten Erfahrungen von Frauen, die sie als Mutter nach den 1970er Jahren mit ihren gesellschaftlichen VerĂ€nderungen gemacht haben. Mit literatursemiotischen Analysemethoden werden die 32 zugrunde liegenden Storytelling-GesprĂ€che daraufhin untersucht, wie die Frauen ihre âMutterrolle re-konstruieren, beschreiben, erklĂ€ren und bewerten, um dadurch ĂŒberindividuelle mentale Modelle, die von diesen AusfĂŒhrungen abstrahiert werden können, sichtbar zu machen.
Es geht der Arbeit um die kulturelle Ausformung des Mutter-Seins im Kontext des persönlichen Lebensentwurfs. Zu den leitenden Parametern der Arbeit gehören unter anderem die Neukonzeption des Mutter-Seins gegenĂŒber der VorgĂ€ngergeneration, die Mutterschaft im VerhĂ€ltnis zur Arbeitsbiografie, das Thema Mutter vs. Frau und die Liebeskonzeption Mutter-Kind
Retrospektive Datenanalyse innerhalb eines Patientengutes zur Evaluation des Outcome nach Wurzelspitzenresektion mit oder ohne vorheriger Wurzelkanalrevision.
1. Zusammenfassung
1.1. Hintergrund und Ziele
Die nachfolgende Studie untersucht die Auswirkungen einer prĂ€operativen Wurzelkanalrevision auf den Erfolg einer folgenden Wurzelspitzenresektion. DarĂŒber hinaus wird der Einfluss einer retrograden WurzelkanalfĂŒllung auf das Outcome der Wurzelspitzenresektion untersucht.
1.2. Methoden
Alle Patienten der Mund-Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie des UniversitĂ€tsklinikums Erlangen, die zwischen 2011 und 2017 eine Wurzelspitzenresektion erhielten, wurden erfasst und in 2 Hauptgruppen aufgeteilt. Gruppe I erhielt eine zusĂ€tzliche prĂ€operative Wurzelkanalrevision vor der Resektion, Gruppe II wurde nur reseziert. Beide Hauptgruppen wurden nochmals in jeweils zwei Untergruppen aufgeteilt (Ia, Ib und IIa, IIb), abhĂ€ngig davon, ob die ZĂ€hne bei der Resektion eine retrograde WurzelkanalfĂŒllung erhalten haben oder nicht (Ia/IIa mit retrograder WurzelkanalfĂŒllung, Ib/IIb ohne retrograde WurzelfĂŒllung). In die Untersuchung inkludiert wurden somit 4 Patientengruppen mit jeweils unterschiedlichen therapeutischen Vorgehensweisen. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels klinischer (Zahn in Situ) und radiographischer Parameter (VerĂ€nderung der Periapical-Index (PAI)-Werte).
1.3. Ergebnisse
48 ZĂ€hne bzw. 58 Wurzeln von FrontzĂ€hnen (n=17), PrĂ€molaren (n=16) und Molaren (n=25) wurden reseziert. Bei einem mittleren Nachsorgeintervall von 14,8 Monaten lag die klinische Ăberlebensrate ĂŒber alle Gruppen hinweg bei 75,9%. Die klinischen Erfolgsquoten der einzelnen Patientengruppen lagen bei 85,7% (Gruppe Ia), 77,7% (Gruppe Ib), 78,9% (Gruppe IIa) und 62,5% (Gruppe IIb). Die radiographischen Erfolgsquoten lagen mit 64,3% (Gruppe Ia), 62,5% (Gruppe Ib), 33,3% (Gruppe IIa) und 18,8% (Gruppe IIb) niedriger.
1.4. Schlussfolgerungen
Bei den Untersuchungen fĂŒr diese Arbeit haben sowohl die prĂ€operative Wurzelkanalrevision als auch die retrograde WurzelkanalfĂŒllung einen positiven Einfluss auf die Erfolgsquote der Wurzelspitzenresektion aufgezeigt und können somit als ergĂ€nzende TherapiemaĂnahmen bei der Wurzelspitzenresektion empfohlen werden, um ihre Erfolgsaussichten zu maximieren
Fabrication and characterization of nickel contacts for magnesium silicide based thermoelectric generators
AbstractMagnesium silicide based solid solutions are highly attractive materials for thermoelectric energy harvesting due to their abundance and excellent thermoelectric properties. Identification and testing of suitable contacts is â besides material optimization â the major challenge in the development of thermoelectric modules. We have applied Ni contacts on doped Mg2Si samples using a simple one-step sintering technique. These contacts were analyzed by combining microstructural analysis with spatially resolved and temperature dependent contact resistance measurements. We observe very good adhesion, homogeneous and low contact resistances <10ΌΩcm2. as well as good stability with temperature. Three different approaches for determining the contact resistances are compared and the respective errors are discussed
Upscaled Synthesis of nâand pâType Thermoelectric Skutterudite Single Legs by Gas Atomization and CurrentâAssisted Sintering
CoSb3âbased Skutterudites are among the best materials for thermoelectric generator (TEG) applications in the intermediate temperature range up to 500 °C. Synthesis of these materials is usually performed on a laboratory scale in materials research. In order to be suitable for an industrial low cost production of TEG technologies capable of delivering large amounts of thermoelectric (TE) materials are needed. A process mastering this challenge is gas atomization, which has been adapted to the requirements of TE materials, in particular CoSb3âbased Skutterudites .It is found that despite rapid solidification taking place in the atomization process the produced powder material contains only traces of the target Skutterudite phase. Microstructure investigation shows a very fine dispersion on the micrometer scale of CoSb, CoSb2, and Sb phases in the atomized particles, making diffusion paths for the formation of the Skutterudite phase short. This allows the use of shortâterm heat treatment to achieve almost single phase material of high functional homogeneity. Different thermal postâtreatments are evaluated leading to a content of >98% of the Skutterudite phase in large ingots. Doping and filling by varying the starting composition is applied to tune the materials to nâ and pâtype conduction, respectively, and led to an increase of their thermoelectric figure of merit ZT up to values of 0.9 and 0.72 for nâ and pâtype material, respectively. Gas atomization can be used in combination with currentâassisted hot pressing to produce pâ and nâtype Skutterudite single legs in large quantities in comparably short time. The results on ZT shown in the present work are measured on still not optimized materials and prove the possibility of Skutterudites fabrication by gas atomization with moderate ZT values
Functional Energetics of CD4+-Cellular Immunity in Monoclonal Antibody-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in Autoimmune Disorders
BACKGROUND: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an opportunistic central nervous system- (CNS-) infection that typically occurs in a subset of immunocompromised individuals. An increasing incidence of PML has recently been reported in patients receiving monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, particularly those treated with natalizumab, efalizumab and rituximab. Intracellular CD4(+)-ATP-concentration (iATP) functionally reflects cellular immunocompetence and inversely correlates with risk of infections during immunosuppressive therapy. We investigated whether iATP may assist in individualized risk stratification for opportunistic infections during mAb-treatment. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: iATP in PHA-stimulated, immunoselected CD4(+)-cells was analyzed using an FDA-approved assay. iATP of mAb-associated PML (natalizumab (nâ=â8), rituximab (nâ=â2), efalizumab (nâ=â1)), or other cases of opportunistic CNS-infections (HIV-associated PML (nâ=â2), spontaneous PML, PML in a psoriasis patient under fumaric acids, natalizumab-associated herpes simplex encephalitis (nâ=â1 each)) was reduced by 59% (194.5±29 ng/ml, mean±SEM) in comparison to healthy controls (HC, 479.9±19.8 ng/ml, p<0.0001). iATP in 14 of these 16 patients was at or below 3(rd) percentile of healthy controls, similar to HIV-patients (nâ=â18). In contrast, CD4(+)-cell numbers were reduced in only 7 of 15 patients, for whom cell counts were available. iATP correlated with mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ÎΚ(m)) (iATP/ÎΚ(m)-correlation:tauâ=â0.49, pâ=â0.03). Whereas mean iATP of cross-sectionally analysed natalizumab-treated patients was unaltered (448.7±12 ng/ml, nâ=â150), iATP was moderately decreased (316.2±26.1 ng/ml, pâ=â0.04) in patients (nâ=â7) who had been treated already during the pivotal phase III trials and had received natalizumab for more than 6 years. 2/92 (2%) patients with less than 24 months natalizumab treatment revealed very low iATP at or below the 3(rd) percentile of HC, whereas 10/58 (17%) of the patients treated for more than 24 months had such low iATP-concentrations. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that bioenergetic parameters such as iATP may assist in risk stratification under mAb-immunotherapy of autoimmune disorders
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