Yield Response And Water Productivity For Rice Growth With Several Irrigations Treatment In West Java

As the challenges toward increasing water for irrigation and water scarcity threats become more prevalent, knowledge of crop yield response to water can facilitate the development of irrigation strategies for improving agricultural productivity.  Experiments were conducted to to compare water usage of several irrigation treatment on rice growth performance and productivity and its water use efficiency.  These experiments were conducted using Situbagendit rice variety (115 day length periode), Urea and Tri Super Phospate fertilizer.  Fertilizer dosage follows fertilizer recommendations for rice, i.e : Urea 250 kg/ha, SP-36 100 kg/ha and 100 kg KCl/ha. Irrigation started from land preparation. controll block (deep flooding) was flooded by a water height of 7 cm. Low level continues flow block was flooded by a water height of 3-5 cm. The volume of water used to saturate the soil of the saturated block was estimated. The number of days of non-flooded soil in AWD before irrigation is applied can vary from 1 day to more than 5 days.  The results showed that total volume of water supplied during the rice growing period in the control block was  2,761.91 m3. Total water volume related to the low level continous flow irrigation block was about 1,217.03 and only about  638.98 m3 for the alternate wet and dry irrigation block. Total volume supplied for soil saturation treatment was about 549.74 m3. Regardless the performance of rice crop growth, it’s the most efficient treatment in terms of water use. It only required an amount of water around14-20 % of amount of water consumed by the continuous deep flooding treatment.  The rice yield of deep flooding irrigation treatment was equivalent to 5.6 tons/ha of dry paddy while the yields of low level continuous flow irrigation,alternate wet and dry irrigation and soil saturation treatments reached 5,3 tons/ha,3.36 tons/ha and 2.80 tons/ ha respectivel

Pemetaan Potensi Air Tanah untuk Mendukung Pengembangan Pertanian Lahan Kering

Abstrak. Informasi potensi air tanah merupakan salah satu acuan yang sangat penting dalam pengelolaan air pada lahan kering baik untuk pemanfaatan aktivitas rumah tangga maupun untuk pengembangan pertanian. Sampai saat ini, metode atau survei geolistrik merupakan metode cepat dan penting untuk mempelajari dan menggambarkan kondisi akuifer di lahan kering. Teknik Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) dipergunakan untuk menentukan potensi air tanah melalui dua elektroda arus yang diinjeksikan secara vertikal ke dalam bumi, dan sangat populer dalam studi air tanah karena tekniknya sederhana. Dari hasil pengukuran arus dan beda potensial untuk setiap jarak elektroda tertentu, dapat ditentukan variasi nilai hambatan jenis masing-masing lapisan di bawah titik ukur (titik sounding). Perbedaan sifat kelistrikan batuan antara lain disebabkan oleh perbedaan karakteristik batuan (kerapatan, porositas, ukuran pori, bentuk), kandungan air, suhu, dan sebagainya. Hasil penelitian di beberapa agroekosistem lahan kering yang tersebar di Pulau Sumatera, Jawa, Bali, Nusa Tenggara Barat dan Nusa Tenggara Timur memberikan informasi bahwa wilayah lahan kering tersebut memiliki air tanah dengan kategori sangat buruk sampai bagus dengan potensi debit antara <0,4 sampai 16,7 l detik-1. Peta potensi air tanah yang dihasilkan memberikan informasi tentang lokasi/titik pengamatan yang berpotensi untuk dilakukan pengeboran air tanah untuk digunakan sebagai sumber irigasi.Abstract. The information of groundwater potency is one of the most important reference in the water management on dry land for the utilization of household activities and agricultural development. Nowadays, the observation of geoelectrics has been utilized as quick and important exploring tool for studying and depicting the subsurface aquifer in arid areas. The Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) technique was employed to determine the groundwater potential through two current electrodes vertically planted on the ground, and has proved very popular with groundwater studies due to simplicity of the technique. By measuring the resulting variations in electrical conductivity potential at other pairs of planted electrodes, it is possible to determine the variations in electrical conductivity of the layer at the VES’s point. It is based on measuring the contrast in electrical conductivity of the different rock units which is varying according to the rock nature (density, porosity, pore size and shape), water content and temperature. Result of the researches in several upland agroecosystem at Sumatera, Java, Bali, East and West Nusa Tenggara provided the information of groundwater potency. These upland areas have a groundwater potency between very poor to excellent categories, with potential discharge between <0,4 to 16,7 l sec-1. Groundwater potential maps provided the informations of the area which potential for groundwater drilling as a source of irrigation

PREFERENSI PETANI TERHADAP BEBERAPA VARIETAS PADI INPARA DI LAHAN RAWA PASANG SURUT KALIMANTAN SELATAN

Inpara atau Inbrida Padi Rawa adalah varietas adaptif untuk lahan rawa. Varietas Inpara 2 dan Inpara 3 paling banyak ditanam di lahan rawa pasang surut di Kalimantan Selatan. Varietas Inpara lainnya, terutama Inpara 6, 7, 8, dan 9, relatif belum banyak dikenal petani. Perlu upaya mendiseminasikan keempat varietas tersebut melalui demplot varietas.Tujuan penelitian: mengetahui preferensi petani terhadap karakteristik tanaman, mutu beras, dan rasa nasi beberapa varietas Inpara di lahan rawa pasang surut Kalimantan Selatan.Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balandean Desa Tanjung Harapan, Kecamatan Alalak, Kabupaten Barito Kuala, Kalimantan Selatan tahun 2018. Jumlah sampel 30 orang dipilih secara acak sederhana. Hasil: petani menyukai varietas Inpara 2, cukup suka terhadap varietas Inpara 7, 8, dan 9, tidak suka varietas Inpara 6 berdasarkan morfologi tanaman dan ketahanan terhadap OPT. Petani menyukai varietas Inpara 2, 6, 8, dan 9 serta cukup suka terhadap varietas Inpara 7 berdasar mutu gabah atau beras dan uji rasa nasi. Secara umum petani lebih menyukai varietas Inpara 2 dibanding empat varietas lainnya yang diuji, baik dari segi morfologi tanaman, ketahanan terhadap OPT, mutu gabah atau beras dan rasa nasi. Kriteria umur panen, jumlah anakan produktif, tipe tanaman dan mutu nasi (warna, rasa, kepulenan) menjadi karakter penting dalam pemilihan varietas yang disukai petan

KAJIAN EVALUASI LAHAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN CENDANA DINUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

Komoditas kayu cendana menyumbangkan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) sampai 40% untuk Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT),sehingga dapat dijadikan komoditas andalan bagi Propinsi ini. Pulau Sumba dan Pulau Timor diduga merupakan tempat asal tumbuh cendana, sehingga untuk pengembangan budidaya cendana dapat dicari daerah yang mempunyai ekosistem yang mirip dengan daerah asalnya.Teknologi budidaya tepatguna bagi cendana perlu dikembangkan untuk memperluas areal tanam komoditas tersebut.Untuk itu perlu dibentuk suatu dewan riset cendana secara lintas sektoral dari berbagai disiplin ilmu

Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air Mendukung Peningkatan Indeks Pertanaman Padi

Peningkatan Indeks Pertanaman (IP) padi dapat meningkatkan produksi padi secara signifikan. Pengelolaan air secara tepat pada daerah-daerah yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal, akan dapat meningkatkan frekuensitanam atau IP. Oleh karena itu, ketersediaan air yang ada, perlu dimanfaatkan secara optimal untuk meningkatkan produksi padi melalui peningkatan IP tanaman. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengelolaan sumber daya air, baik air permukaan (sungai) maupun mata air, untuk digunakan secara optimal dalam rangka peningkatan produksi padi. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2016 di Kecamatan Duaboccoe, dan Kecamatan Tanralili, Kabupaten Maros, Sulawesi Selatan. Metode penelitian dengan survei lapangan, pengukuran kecepatan aliran sungai dan wawancara mendalam untuk memperoleh data eksisting pengelolaan air oleh masyarakat setempat. Hasil pengukuran dilapang dipetakan melalui sistem informasi geografis untuk memperoleh informasi sebaran lahan dan potensi sumberdaya air yang dapat dioptimalisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, sumber air yang ada di Kecamatan Tanralili dari mata air Bungung langoting, debit 25,24 Liter/detik dan Kalu Kuah, mempunyai debit 38 Liter/detik serta air permukaan debit 2130 Liter/detik. Pengelolaan air yang tepat pada kawasan pertanaman padi dapat meningkatkan IP dari 100 menjadi 200, pada beberapa tempat yang memiliki debit air yang besar dapat meningkatkan IP menjadi 300. Sumber air di Kecamatan Duaboccoe berupa air permukaan dari sungai Unyi mempunyai debit 3000 Liter/detik diperkirakan mampu meningkatkan IP padi 300

Rainwater harvesting and water-saving irrigation for enhancing land productivity in upland rice cultivation

The development of dry land requires precise planning due to its climate-sensitive nature. It is essential to ensure water availability to meet crop water requirements. Rainwater harvesting remains underutilized in upland rice cultivation. The field experiment was conducted in Tulungagung Regency, East Java province, Indonesia from August to December 2017. The research aimed to develop water harvesting technology and irrigation management for upland rice. The nested design was the experimental design with irrigation levels and varieties of upland rice treatments. Four irrigation levels were farmer's customs, 70%, 85%, and 100% of the crop water requirement, while the varieties were Situ Patenggang, Inpago-9, and Inpago-11. Our findings revealed that 70% of the crop water requirement was sufficient for upland rice cultivation in dryland. Crop yields were unaffected by the irrigation level. Differences among upland rice varieties were only significant on plant height character. There was an increased cropping index due to additional water sources in the last months of the dry season until the early rainy season. Rainwater harvesting can be adapted to climate change, especially in areas that often experience water shortages. Keywords: dry land, channel reservoir, irrigation level, crop water requiremen

Water Productivity of Newly Developed Lowland Rice Field

. Newly developed wetland rice fields require more water because plough pan layer are not developed. Plough pan is established several years after the field development and its formation depends on the intensity of rice cultivation and the soil properties. Plot scale study was conducted on newly developed wetland rice field originated from upland in Pati village, North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia in 2013. The aim of this experiment was to study the water productivity of the newly developed wet land rice fields. Different water ponding treatments including water ponding layer of 5 cm as control (T0), ponding layer of 3 cm (T1) intermittent with two weeks wetting and one week drying (T2), and saturated condition with water layer of 0.5 cm (T3) were tested. Rice growth, rice grains yield and water productivity were evaluated. Water productivity was computed according to the ratio between rice grains yield and water input. Water input was predicted based on the difference between incoming and outgoing water. In this study water balance was not taken into account in calculating the water input. The results indicated that under saturated condition (T3), plant height and tiller number were significantly lower than the 5 cm ponding and also significantly lower than other treatments. Water productivity between 0.78 and 0.40 gram liter-1 were recorded under ponding water depth of 0.5 cm and intermittent ponding of 5 cm in the wet period

Uji Adaptasi dan Seleksi Varietas Partisipatif terhadap Galur-Galur Padi Toleran Rendaman dan Kekeringan di Lahan Rawa Lebak

T The role of high yielding varieties along with fertilization and water management for increasing rice productivity is essential. Therefore, the efforts to increase productivity in the middle freshwater swamp are carried out using high yielding varieties with fertilization and water management called mini polder. The mother trial was conducted to introduce 10 rice genotypes, with optimal fertilizer and water management. It has been carried out in Hulu Sungai Utara District, South Kalimantan Province. The research was following a randomized block design with three replications. The baby trials were carried out in 10 farmer fields. Assessment of genotypes was carried out using questionnaires and participatory selection methods. The results showed that the yield and yield components of genotypes grown in the mother trial were better than baby trials. Both assessment of genotypes produced fairly consistent assessments. There were three varieties preferred by most respondents, namely Inpara 3, Tapus and Inpara 8 Agritan. Some characters such as plant vigor, number of productive tillers, grain shape and color, maturity, and disease resistance were important in the development of rice varieties in swamp land. Keywords: high yielding varieties, freshwater swamp, preference, participatory selectionPeran varietas unggul bersama pemupukan dan tata air terhadap peningkatan produktivitas sangat tinggi. Oleh karena itu upaya peningkatan produktivitas padi di lahan rawa lebak tengahan dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan varietas unggul dengan pemupukan dan tata kelola air. Percobaan induk berupa pengenalan 10 genotipe unggul padi, dengan pemupukan optimal serta tata kelola air memanfaatkan mini polder telah dilakukan di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Percobaan anak dilakukan di 10 lahan petani dengan teknik budidaya sesuai kebiasaan petani. Penilaian terhadap genotipe dilakukan menggunakan kuisioner dan metode seleksi partisipatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komponen hasil dan bobot hasil genotipe yang ditanam di percobaan induk lebih baik dibandingkan di percobaan anak. Kedua metode penilaian genotipe, menghasilkan penilaian yang cukup konsisten. Tiga varietas disukai oleh sebagian besar responden, yaitu Inpara 3, Tapus, dan Inpara 8 Agritan. Beberapa aspek yang perlu diperhatikan dalam perakitan dan pengembangan varietas padi di lahan rawa lebak antara lain vigor tanaman, jumlah anakan produktif, bentuk dan warna gabah, umur tanaman dan ketahanan terhadap penyakit. Kata kunci: preferensi, rawa lebak, seleksi partisipatif, varietas unggu