Difficultés de la surveillance épidémiologique de la rougeole en Afrique : exemple de la Côte d'Ivoire

En zone tropicale, les cas de rougeole sont souvent sous-déclarés mais les auteurs exposent deux épidémies qui ont été considérées au début comme des manifestations de rougeole. La première épidémie s'est manifestée comme une épidémie de viroses à Chikungunya avec éruptions, hyperthermie et algies importantes, elle était due à un arbovirus Igbo-Ora. Dans l'autre cas il s'agissait d'enfants atteints d'éruptions avec hyperthermie et adénopathies évoquant la rubéole. Les auteurs évoquent la possibilité de diagnostic par excès dans le cadre de la surveillance de cette maladie-cible du PEV (Programme Elargi de Vaccination), hypothèse confirmée par la répartition des cas déclarés au niveau national avec une fréquence élevée des cas en contre-saison et chez certains adultes. (Résumé d'auteur

Ultrasound assisted modulation of yeast growth and inactivation kinetics

[EN] The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is well known for its application in the food industry for the purpose of developing fermented food. The ultrasound (US) technology offer a wide range of applications for the food industry, including the enhancement of fermentation rates and inactivation of microbial cells. However, a better understanding and standardization of this technology is still required to ensure the scaling-up process. This study investigated the effect of the US technology on the growth of S. cerevisiae using frequencies of 20, 25, 45 and 130 kHz, treatment periods from 2 to 30 min. Furthermore, yeast kinetics subjected to US treatments were evaluated using modelling tools and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to explore the impact of sonication on yeast cells. Yeast growth was monitored after different US treatments plotting optical density (OD) at 660 nm for 24 h at 30 ⁰C. Growth curves were fitted using models of modified Gompertz and Scale-Free which showed good parameters of the fit. In particular, US frequencies of 45 and 130 kHz did not have a disruptive effect in lag phase and growth rate of the yeast populations, unlike the frequency of 20 kHz. Moreover, inactivation curves of yeast cells obtained after exposure to 20 and 25 kHz also observed the best fit using the Weibull model. US frequency of 20 kHz achieved significant reductions of 1.3 log cfu/mL in yeast concentration and also induced important cell damage on the external structures of S. cerevisiae. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the significant effect of applying different US frequencies on the yeast growth for potential application in the food industrySIThis study was funded by the Teagasc Walsh Fellowship program, Department of Agriculture, Food, and Marine (DAFM) under the Food Institutional Research Measure (FIRM) program [Grant number: DAFM/ 17/F/275

Development of sandwich and competitive ELISA formats to determine ß-conglycinin: Evaluation of their performance to detect soy in processed food

Two ELISA formats (sandwich and indirect competitive) were developed to quantify ß-conglycinin, a major soy allergen. Their performance was evaluated using three model foods incurred with soy proteins. The sandwich format detects the addition of 0.005% and 0.05% soy proteins in pasteurized sausages and baked bread. However, the competitive format detects only 0.1 and 0.5%, respectively. ß-conglycinin was not detected in sterilized pâtè with any format. An industrial prototype of the sandwich ELISA was in-house validated, showing acceptable results of repeatability, reproducibility and robustness. Model foods spiked with ß-conglycinin after processing showed recoveries between 93.3 and 138.7%. However, in model foods incurred with soy proteins before processing the recovery decreased with the increase of the severity of heat treatment applied. The sandwich format could differentiate most of the retail foods with soy declared or not as ingredient. The ELISA format and processing conditions greatly influence the determination of ß-conglycinin in food

Recuperación e identificación de variedades de vid en Aragón

1 copia .pdf del Póster original de los Autores.- 1 Tabl.- 4 Fots. Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)A partir de la década de los setenta diferentes circunstancias provocaron que muchas de las zonas más productivas arrancaran las vides antiguas y apostaran por plantaciones de variedades foráneas o distintas de las tradicionales. Conscientes de la pérdida de biodiversidad, desde la Unidad de Tecnología Vegetal (Gobierno de Aragón) se viene prospectando en toda la geografía aragonesa y recopilando accesiones de vid, especialmente en viñas antiguas y a punto de desaparecer. El año 1992 se formó el Banco de Germoplasma de Vid de Aragón (Dep. de Agricultura, Ganadería y Medio Ambiente) que conserva más de 700 accesiones (algunas caracterizadas molecularmente, Buhner-Zaharieva et al., 2010) .Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el INIA (RF2012-00027-C05-02) y el Gobierno de Aragón (A44)Peer reviewe

LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN OVINE SAUSAGE: MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ISOLATES

In this study, we monitored the different stages of ovine sausage production for detecting the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in food matrices, the equipment and the environment. A total of 32 isolates were characterized using serotyping and PFGE. Five virulence genes (actA, hlyA, plcB, prfA, iap) were detected by PCR. In this study, furthermore, we determined the susceptibility of L. monocytogenes isolates to 20 antimicrobial agents using Sensititre plates. All isolates were resistant to oxacillin and tigecycline, but susceptible to the other antibiotics. All isolates resulted PCR-positive for the investigated virulence genes. PFGE identified two different pulsotypes. Five isolates, marked as type A and belonging to the serotype 1/2a, were isolated just from one batch samples whereas the type B (n=28), belonging to the serotype 1/2b, was isolated from five different food batches and from the floor drain

Designing the social Internet of Things

Copyright © 2017 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. (ACM). What role do people have in the Internet of Things? Compared to the impressive body of research that is currently tackling the technical issues of the Internet of Things, social aspects of agency, engagement, participation, and ethics, are receiving less attention. The goal of this 'Designing the Social Internet of Things' workshop is to contribute by shedding light on these aspects. We invite prospective participants to take a humanistic standpoint, explore people's relations with 'things' first, and then build on such relations so as to support socially relevant goals of engagement, relatedness, participation, and creativity

Nocardiosis in a Kidney-Pancreas Transplant

34-year-old man with chronic renal and pancreas failure in complicated diabetic disease received a kidney-pancreas transplantation. On the 32nd postoperative day, an acute kidney rejection occurred and resolved with OKT3 therapy. The patient also presented refractory urinary infection by E. Fecalis and M. Morganii, and a focal bronchopneumonia in the right-basal lobe resolved with elective chemotherapy. During the 50th post-operative day, an intense soft tissue inflammation localized in the first left metatarsal-phalangeal articulation occurred (Figure 1) followed by an abscess with a cutaneous fistula and extension to the almost totality of foot area. The radiological exam revealed a small osteo-lacunar image localized in the proximal phalanx head of the first finger foot. From the cultural examination of the purulent material, N. Asteroides was identified. An amoxicillin-based treatment was started and continued for three months, with the complete resolution of infection This case is reported for its rarity in our casuistry, and for its difficult differential diagnosis with other potentially serious infections

Topical Ferumoxytol Nanoparticles Disrupt Biofilms and Prevent Tooth Decay in Vivo Via Intrinsic Catalytic Activity

Ferumoxytol is a nanoparticle formulation approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for systemic use to treat iron deficiency. Here, we show that, in addition, ferumoxytol disrupts intractable oral biofilms and prevents tooth decay (dental caries) via intrinsic peroxidase-like activity. Ferumoxytol binds within the biofilm ultrastructure and generates free radicals from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), causing in situ bacterial death via cell membrane disruption and extracellular polymeric substances matrix degradation. In combination with low concentrations of H2O2, ferumoxytol inhibits biofilm accumulation on natural teeth in a human-derived ex vivo biofilm model, and prevents acid damage of the mineralized tissue. Topical oral treatment with ferumoxytol and H2O2 suppresses the development of dental caries in vivo, preventing the onset of severe tooth decay (cavities) in a rodent model of the disease. Microbiome and histological analyses show no adverse effects on oral microbiota diversity, and gingival and mucosal tissues. Our results reveal a new biomedical application for ferumoxytol as topical treatment of a prevalent and costly biofilm-induced oral disease