WAC in FYW: building bridges and teachers as architects

Students entering the first-year writing classroom directly out of high school often tell me that they had to 'write differently for each teacher and class.' Imagine their confusion and apprehension when they are told that one of the objectives of FYW is to prepare them for academic writing across all disciplines! How can teachers incorporate cross-curricular skills into their lessons? More importantly, amongst the already-complex demands on the purposes and goals of FYW courses, how do students learn these techniques that teachers deem 'easily-transferrable'? I argue, first, that the FYW classroom is an ideal location to present students with the individual tools for writing in any discipline. We discuss elements of writing like organization, idea development, thesis statements, citation, and the writing process within our courses as part of the standard curriculum. Therefore, I argue that the multi-faceted roles of FYW teachers include the characteristic of architect, and assert that transforming our lessons into WAC lessons involves the incorporation of examples, standards, and formats from outside disciplines. Mentioning how thesis statements tie together English and Religion papers or how dividing a paper into sections enhances the organization of Biology lab reports and Business reports establishes connections for students. With some simple additions to teachers' lessons, students will find that the writing techniques they learn are just as crucial and useful in both core and major classes. Building these bridges reinforces the lifelong importance of writing and helps students continue to develop their writing skills across and through the college curriculum

Viscoelastic vibration damping identification methods. Application to laminated glass.

Laminatedglass is composed of two glass layers and a thin intermediate PVB layer, strongly influencing PVB's viscoelastic behaviour its dynamic response. While natural frequencies are relatively easily identified even with simplified FE models, damping ratios are not identified with such an ease. In order to determine to what extent external factors influence dampingidentification, different tests have been carried out. The external factors considered, apart from temperature, are accelerometers, connection cables and the effect of the glass layers. To analyse the influence of the accelerometers and their connection cables a laser measuring device was employed considering three possibilities: sample without instrumentation, sample with the accelerometers fixed and sample completely instrumented. When the sample is completely instrumented, accelerometer readings are also analysed. To take into consideration the effect of the glass layers, tests were realised both for laminatedglass and monolithic samples. This paper presents in depth data analysis of the different configurations and establishes criteria for data acquisition when testing laminatedglass

Pubertad normal y variantes de la normalidad

La pubertad es un periodo de transición entre la infancia y la vida adulta, regulada por complejos mecanismos biológicos que, a su vez, están controlados por la interacción entre redes nodales de genes y el ambiente. Aunque ha existido una notable tendencia secular en el inicio de la pubertad, desde el siglo XIX hasta mediados del siglo XX, esta se ha estabilizado en las últimas décadas. De esta forma, se define como pubertad normal aquella que acontece entre los ocho y los trece años en las niñas y entre los nueve y catorce en los niños. El principal signo físico a tener en cuenta para la valoración del desarrollo puberal, es la aparición de telarquia progresiva en las niñas y el incremento del tamaño testicular en los niños. Seguidamente, se desarrollarán otros caracteres sexuales secundarios y se objetivará un incremento de la velocidad del crecimiento. En el diagnóstico diferencial de trastornos de la pubertad, aparte de conocer los límites normales de la pubertad, deberemos tener en cuenta una serie de variantes de la normalidad, como son: la adrenarquia prematura idiopática, la telarquia prematura aislada, la pubertad adelantada y el retraso constitucional del crecimiento y pubertadPuberty is a transition period between childhood and adulthood regulated by complex biological mechanisms, which in turn are controlled by the interaction between gene networks and environment. Although there has been a significant secular trend in onset of puberty from the XIX century to the mid XX century, it has been stabilized in recent decades. Thus, it is defined normal puberty as that occurs between eight and thirteen years old in girls and between nine and fourteen years old in boys. The main physical sign to be considered for assessment of pubertal development is the emergence of progressive thelarche in girls and increased testicular size in boys. Then, other secondary sexual characteristics will develop and increased growth velocity will be observed. In the differential diagnosis of puberty disorders, apart from knowing the normal limits of puberty, we must consider a number of variants of normality such as idiopathic premature adrenarche, premature thelarche, early puberty and constitutional delay of growth and pubert

Impacts of Combined Sewer Overflows on surface water bodies. The case study of the Ebro River in Zaragoza city

Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) are the most important source of diffuse contamination in urban environments. Cleaner production in cities necessarily involves the reduction of both frequency and contamination linked to overflows in rain events as well as the control and minimization of its impacts in aquatic ecosystems. That would additionally lead to an increase in waste water treatment plant energy efficiency. However, there is an extended belief among sanitation managers at municipal level that impacts of CSOs in large rivers are not perceptible due to dilution effect. To dismantle this myth, the present article analyses the impacts of CSOs in the Spanish widest river, the Ebro River. The results suggest that the Ebro tends to worsen in dry season during intense rainfall, inviting to perform proper interventions to reduce CSOs along its urban stretch

Microwave energy supplied by a prototype oven prevents the spread of Fusarium wilt during the propagation of melon plantlets by seed

The re-use of propagation trays in nursery greenhouses is one of the main ways in which fusarium wilt is spread in melon crops (Cucumis melo). The causal agent of the disease is the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis. This paper reports that exposing these seed trays to the energy produced by a prototype microwave oven during the commercial production of melon plantlets can prevent the spread of this pathogen with only a very small increase in production costs

Incidence of Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding in New Users of Low-Dose Aspirin

Background & Aims: There are few data on the incidence of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB and LGIB) from observational studies of low-dose aspirin users. We aimed to estimate incidence rates of UGIB and LGIB in a large cohort of new users of low-dose aspirin in the United Kingdom, with subanalyses of hospitalization status and fatalities. Methods: We performed a population-based study of 199, 079 new users of low-dose aspirin (median age, 64.0 years) identified from the Health Improvement Network primary care database (2000–2012). Individuals were followed for a median 5.4 years (maximum, 14 years) to identify new cases of UGIB and LGIB. Following multistep validation, we calculated overall and age- and sex-specific incidence rates; we performed subanalyses for health care use and death within 30 days of GIB. We also estimated rates within a matched (1:1) cohort of nonusers of low-dose aspirin at the start of the follow-up period. Results: The low-dose aspirin users had 1115 UGIB events and 1936 LGIB events; most subjects with UGIB events (58.9%) were hospitalized, whereas most subjects with LGIB events were referred to secondary care (72.8%). Crude incidence rates of GIB per 1000 person-years were 0.97 for subjects with UGIB (95% CI, 0.91–1.02) and 1.68 for subjects with LGIB (95% CI, 1.60–1.75). Incidence rates per 1000 person-years for patients hospitalized for GIB were 0.57 for UGIB (95% CI, 0.53–0.61) and 0.45 for LGIB (95% CI, 0.42–0.49); for referred (but not hospitalized) cases, these values were 0.39 for UGIB (95% CI, 0.36–0.43) and 1.22 for LGIB (1.16–1.29). Incidence rates per 1000 person-years were 0.06 for fatal UGIB (95% CI, 0.04–0.07), 0.01 for fatal LGIB (95% CI, 0.01–0.02), 0.91 for nonfatal UGIB (95% CI, 0.86–0.97), and 1.66 for nonfatal LGIB (95% CI, 1.59–1.74). Among nonusers of low-dose aspirin, incidence rates per 1000 person-years were 0.67 (95% CI, 0.63–0.75) for UGIB and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.72–0.82) for LGIB. Conclusion: In a population-based study of low-dose aspirin users, the incidence of LGIB was higher than the incidence of UGIB. However, incidence rates of hospitalized GI bleeds and 30-day mortality rates were lower for LGIB than for UGIB. These estimates are valuable for benefit–risk assessments of low-dose aspirin for cardiovascular and colorectal cancer prevention

Criatividade e ensino

O objetivo do presente artigo é decorrer sobre a criatividade no ensino e mostrar que o desenvolvimento do potencial criador durante o ensino é fundamental para uma melhora na educação