Tattooing : A national survey in the general population of France

Non peer reviewe

Imaging of hibernomas: A retrospective study on twelve cases

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To analyze the imaging features of hibernomas on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MRI).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Twelve hibernomas were retrospectively assessed with CT and MR imaging and compared to the histology of the specimen</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Nine females and three males with a mean age of 30 years were included. Ten tumors occurred in the thigh and two affected the subcutis of the periscapular and buttock regions. On eight CT scans, seven (87,5%) lesions were homogeneous and mildly to moderately hyperdense compared to subcutaneous fat while one lesion was heterogeneous with mixed hypo and hyperattenuating areas. On six T1W images, five (83,3%) lesions appeared homogeneous and hypointense relative to subcutaneous fat and one was heterogeneous. Incomplete fat suppression was depicted in all cases. All lesions displayed marked enhancement. Large intratumoral vessels were depicted in three of the 12 (25%) cases. Septations were depicted on four of the eight unenhanced CT and on all six MRI examinations.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Hibernoma usually appears hypodense and hypointense relative to subcutaneous fat on pre-contrast CT and MR T1W with variable enhancement patterns and incomplete fat suppression on STIR or fat-saturated sequences. These characteristics relate directly to the presence of brown fat. However, atypical findings such as heterogeneous patterns of mixed fatty and non fatty components on unenhanced CT and MR T1W can be also encountered. Absence of large intratumoral vessels should not exclude hibernomas from the differential diagnosis of regional lipomatous tumors.</p

Immunovirological Response to Triple Nucleotide Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitors and Ritonavir-Boosted Protease Inhibitors in Treatment-Naive HIV-2-Infected Patients: The ACHIEV2E Collaboration Study Group

This European inter-cohort collaboration shows poorer immunological and virological responses with triple NRTI compared to PI/r-containing cART in treatment-naïve HIV-2-infected patients, regardless of baseline CD4 cell count. PI/r-containing cART should be recommended as first-line antiretroviral regimens in HIV-2 infectio

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells inhibit natural killer cell functions in a transforming growth factor–β–dependent manner

Tumor growth promotes the expansion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (T reg) cells that counteract T cell–mediated immune responses. An inverse correlation between natural killer (NK) cell activation and T reg cell expansion in tumor-bearing patients, shown here, prompted us to address the role of T reg cells in controlling innate antitumor immunity. Our experiments indicate that human T reg cells expressed membrane-bound transforming growth factor (TGF)–β, which directly inhibited NK cell effector functions and down-regulated NKG2D receptors on the NK cell surface. Adoptive transfer of wild-type T reg cells but not TGF-β−/− T reg cells into nude mice suppressed NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity, reduced NKG2D receptor expression, and accelerated the growth of tumors that are normally controlled by NK cells. Conversely, the depletion of mouse T reg cells exacerbated NK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity in vivo. Human NK cell–mediated tumor recognition could also be restored by depletion of T reg cells from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. These findings support a role for T reg cells in blunting the NK cell arm of the innate immune system

Caractérisation fonctionnelle des paragangliomes non métastatiques par la TEP 18F-FDOPA

OBJECTIF: Les paragangliomes (PGL) et phéochromocytomes (PHEO) sont des tumeurs neuroendocrines le plus souvent bénignes, associées dans environ 30% des cas à des syndromes héréditaires. Cette étude a pour objectifs, à partir d'une large série de patients porteurs de PGL/PHEO non métastatiques, l'estimation de la valeur diagnostique de la TEP à la 18F-Fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine (18F-FDOPA) en fonction de la localisation tumorale et du statut génétique des patients et la description des cas de faux négatifs. PATIENTS ET METHODES: une étude rétrospective a été menée dans 2 centres spécialisés dans les tumeurs endocrines (CHU la Timone, Marseille, France et National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, USA) sur une cohorte de 116 patients porteurs de PGL/PHEO sporadiques ou familiaux (39,7%: syndromes SDHRX ou VHL) non métastatiques, explorés par TEP F-DOPA. RESULTATS: Pour un toltal de 195 localisations de PGL/PHEO, la TEP 18F-FDOPA a correctement détecté 179 lésions (91,8%) chez 107 patients (92,2%). La sensibilité globale de cette technique pour les PGL parasympathique (tête, cou et mediastin antérieur ou moyen), PHEO et PGL sympathiques non surrénaliens (abdomen ou mediastin postérieur) était de 98,2% [96,5% la Timone et 100% NIH], 93,9% [93,8% et 93,9%], et 70,3% [47,1% et 90%], respectivement (p<0,001). Les PGL sympathiques (surrénaliens ou extra-surrénaliens) liés à une mutation SDHX étaient à haut risque d'avoir une TEP 18F-FDOPA négative par rapport à ceux n'ayant pas une mutation SDHX (14/24 contre 0/62, respectivement, p<0,01). Au contraire, le risque d'absence de fixation à la TEP 18F-FDOPA était bas pour les PGL parasympathiques, quel que soit leur statut génétique (1/90 pour les tumeurs SDHX contre 1/19 chez les non-SDHX, p=0,32). [ ]AIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Méd/Odontol. (130552103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Tumor Calcification: A New Response Pattern of Myxoid Liposarcoma to Trabectedin

Introduction: Myxoid/round-cell liposarcoma (MRCL) is a specific histological subtype that accounts for 30-35% of liposarcomas and whose virulence depends on the quantity of round-cells within the tumor. MRCL is associated with specific chromosomal translocations resulting in the formation of CHOP/FUS and CHOP/EWS fusion proteins. A high sensitivity of MRCL to trabectedin was reported. Case Report: We report the case of a 63-year-old woman with a bulky and metastatic MRCL, treated with trabectedin 1.5 mg/m2 as a first-line treatment. She experienced a long-lasting clinical benefit. The patients received 14 cycles of trabectedin and achieved a durable partial response to the metastases and a stable disease of the primary tumor, which is a very favorable safety profile. Also noteworthy is that we have observed a calcification of the primary tumor and the metastasis. The response, which lasted 30 months, led to a symptomatic improvement, associated with an excellent general condition and an absence of pain. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a MRCL treated with trabectedin that resulted in a calcification of the primary tumor and the metastases, associated with an outstandingly long response. This case suggests that trabectedin may represent a feasible first-line therapeutic option for patients with MRCL, with meaningful clinical benefits and an acceptable safety profile

Allergy Prevalence in France and Skin Impact – Epidemiological Survey of a Representative Sample of French Adults

International audienceBackground: Increased allergy frequency may have a significant impact on the skin, one of the largest targeted organs for allergic and immunological responses.Methods: An online survey of 2036 adults as a representative sample of the French general population was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of self-reported allergies, the populations who report allergies and the skin conditions related to allergies.Results: In general, 20.2% of French adults (average age 45 ± 15.8 years) reported allergies. These allergies were respiratory allergies (55.3%), skin allergies (48.8%) and food allergies (27.9%), and 78.9% indicated that their reported allergies were diagnosed by a doctor. In addition, 53.2% of individuals reporting an allergy also indicated that they experienced associated skin reactions. In comparison to those who did not report an allergy, these individuals were 1.5 to 4 times more likely to have a skin disease and 3 times more likely to have sensitive skin or skin reactions when using skincare products.Conclusion: It is estimated that over 10 million French adults have allergies. These data will help increase awareness among the allergic population and healthcare professionals about the burden associated with allergies and the need for management to reduce their health impact

Cancers des voies respiratoires attribuables aux expositions professionnelles : quels coûts pour la société française ? [Respiratory cancers attributable to occupational exposures: what is the cost to society in France?]

National audienc

Estimating the social cost of respiratory cancer cases attributable to occupational exposures in France

International audiencePurpose The objective of this article was to estimate the social cost of respiratory cancer cases attributable to occupational risk factors in France in 2010. Methods According to the attributable fraction method and based on available epidemiological data from the lit- erature, we estimated the number of respiratory cancer cases due to each identified risk factor. We used the cost- of-illness method with a prevalence-based approach. We took into account the direct and indirect costs. We estimated the cost of production losses due to morbidity (absenteeism and presenteeism) and mortality costs (years of production losses) in the market and nonmarket spheres. Results The social cost of lung, larynx, sinonasal and mesothelioma cancer caused by exposure to asbestos, chromium, diesel engine exhaust, paint, crystalline silica, wood and leather dust in France in 2010 were estimated at between 917 and 2,181 million euros. Between 795 and 2,011 million euros (87-92 %) of total costs were due to lung cancer alone. Asbestos was by far the risk factor representing the greatest cost to French society in 2010 at between 531 and 1,538 million euros (58-71 %), ahead of diesel engine exhaust, representing an estimated social cost of between 233 and 336 million euros, and crystalline silica (119-229 million euros). Indirect costs represented about 66 % of total costs. Conclusion Our assessment shows the magnitude of the economic impact of occupational respiratory cancers. It allows comparisons between countries and provides valu- able information for policy-makers responsible for defining public health priorities

Self-Reported Prevalence of Allergies in the USA and Impact on Skin—An Epidemiological Study on a Representative Sample of American Adults

Background: The rising prevalence of allergies can substantially impact the skin, which is one of the largest targets for allergic and immunologic responses. Objective: Here, we describe the results of an online survey assessing self-reported allergy prevalence in Americans, outline the populations who report allergies, and characterize the skin conditions associated with allergy. Methods: An online survey was conducted in the USA of 2008 adults as a representative sample of the general American population. Results: 41.7% of American adults (mean age 44.7 &plusmn; 15.3 years old) reported having allergies. Reported allergies included respiratory allergies (45.2%), skin allergies (41.4) and food allergies (33.9%). 47.7% of those who reported allergies also reported experiencing associated skin reactions. In addition, those who reported allergies were 2 to 4.5 times more likely to report a cutaneous skin disease, 7 times more likely to report sensitive skin, and twice as likely to report experiencing skin reactions when using skincare products compared to those who did not report allergies. Conclusions: It is estimated that over 100 million American adults have allergies. These results will help raise awareness about the burden of allergies and the need to develop solutions to mitigate their impact on health