Estudio prospectivo de la eficacia del plasma rico en plaquetas y su asociación al tepoxalín en el tratamiento de fracturas de baja vascularización en el perro

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue desarrollar un ensayo clínico de la aplicación del Plasma Rico en Plaquetas (PRP) en asociación con AINEs (Tepoxalin) (TEP) para el tratamiento de fracturas en el perro. Para ello, hemos escogido huesos comprometidos en la cicatrización fracturaria por su escaso aporte vascular perióstico, como son la tibia y el radio.Veterinari

Estudio experimental comparativo de la analgesia intraoperatoria con remifentanilo en el perro

En este artículo se comparan las propiedades analgésicas del remifentanilo y el fentanilo y se estudian la estabilidad cardiovascular, respiratoria y calidad d ela recuperción en perros anestesiados 11 Beagle con medetomidina, propofol, isoflurano y atracurio. Los analgésicos empleados fueron fentanilo, remifentanilo y un placebo. Los resultados muestran menores necesidades de anestésico con ambos opiodes, mejor estabilidad cardiovascular y menores tiempos de recuperación con remifentanilo. Ambos fármacos proporcionan buena calidad analgésica y recuperación.Veterinari

Platelet Rich Plasma: New Insights for Cutaneous Wound Healing Management

The overall increase of chronic degenerative diseases associated with ageing makes wound care a tremendous socioeconomic burden. Thus, there is a growing need to develop novel wound healing therapies to improve cutaneous wound healing. The use of regenerative therapies is becoming increasingly popular due to the low-invasive procedures needed to apply them. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is gaining interest due to its potential to stimulate and accelerate the wound healing process. The cytokines and growth factors forming PRP play a crucial role in the healing process. This article reviews the emerging field of skin wound regenerative therapies with particular emphasis on PRP and the role of growth factors in the wound healing process

Placental oxygen transfer reduces hypoxia-reoxygenation swings in fetal blood in a sheep model of gestational sleep apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by events of hypoxia-reoxygenation, is highly prevalent in pregnancy, negatively affecting the gestation process and particularly the fetus. Whether the consequences of OSA for the fetus and offspring are mainly caused by systemic alterations in the mother or by a direct effect of intermittent hypoxia in the fetus is unknown. In fact, how apnea-induced hypoxemic swings in OSA are transmitted across the placenta remains to be investigated. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis, based on a theoretical background on the damping effect of oxygen transfer in the placenta, that oxygen partial pressure (Po2) swings resulting from obstructive apneas mimicking OSA are mitigated in the fetal circulation. To this end, four anesthetized ewes close to term pregnancy were subjected to obstructive apneas consisting of 25-s airway obstructions. Real-time Po2 was measured in the maternal carotid artery and in the umbilical vein with fast-response fiber-optic oxygen sensors. The amplitudes of Po2 swings in the umbilical vein were considerably smaller [3.1 ± 1.0 vs. 21.0 ± 6.1 mmHg (mean ± SE); P < 0.05]. Corresponding estimated swings in fetal and maternal oxyhemoglobin saturation tracked Po2 swings. This study provides novel insights into fetal oxygenation in a model of gestational OSA and highlights the importance of further understanding the impact of sleep-disordered breathing on fetal and offspring development.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study in an airway obstruction sheep model of gestational sleep apnea provides novel data on how swings in oxygen partial pressure (Po2) translate from maternal to fetal blood. Real-time simultaneous measurement of Po2 in maternal artery and in umbilical vein shows that placenta transfer attenuates the magnitude of oxygenation swings. These data prompt further investigation of the extent to which maternal apneas could induce similar direct oxidative stress in fetal and maternal tissues.This work was supported in part by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (SAF2017-85574-R)

Effects of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) on biomechanicalproperties of Achilles tendon repair

[EN] To assess the biomechanical effects of intra-tendinous injections of PRGF on the healing Achilles tendon after repair in a sheep model. Thirty sheep were randomly assigned into one of the six groups depending on the type of treatment received (PRGF or placebo) and survival time (2, 4 and 8 weeks). The Achilles tendon injury was repaired by suturing the tendinous edges employing a three-loop pulley pattern. A trans-articular external fixation system was then used for immobilization. The PRGF or placebo was administered on a weekly basis completing a maximum of three infiltrations. The force, section and tension values were compared between the operated and healthy Achilles tendons across all groups. The PRGF-treated tendons had higher force at 8 weeks compared with the placebo group (p = 0.007). Between 2 and 4 weeks, a significant increase in force in both the PRGF-treated tendon (p = 0.0027) and placebo group (p = 0.0095) occurred. No significant differences were found for section ratio between PRGF-treated tendons and the placebo group for any of the time periods evaluated. At 2 weeks, PRGF-treated tendons had higher tension ratio compared with placebo group tendons (p = 0.0143). Both PRGF and placebo treatments significantly improved the force (p < 0.001 and p = 0.0095, respectively) and tension (p = 0.009 and p = 0.0039, respectively) ratios at 8 weeks compared with 2 weeks. The application of PRGF increases Achilles tendon repair strength at 8 weeks compared with the use of placebo. The use of PRGF does not modify section and tension ratios compared with placebo at 8 weeks. The tension ratio progressively increases between 2 and 8 weeks compared with the placebo.López-Nájera, D.; Rubio-Zaragoza, M.; Sopena-Juncosa, JJ.; Alentorn-Geli, E.; Cugat-Bertomeu, R.; Domínguez-Pérez, JM.; García-Balletbó, M.... (2016). Effects of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) on biomechanicalproperties of Achilles tendon repair. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 24(12):3997-4004. doi:10.1007/s00167-015-3725-2S399740042412Ajaxon I, Persson C (2014) Compressive fatigue properties of a commercially available acrylic bone cement for vertebroplasty. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 13(6):1199–1207Andia I, Sanchez M, Maffulli N (2010) Tendon healing and platelet-rich plasma therapies. Expert Opin Biol Ther 10(10):1415–1426Anitua E, Andia I, Ardanza B, Nurden P, Nurden AT (2004) Autologous platelets as a source of proteins for healing and tissue regeneration. Thromb Haemost 91(1):4–15Anitua E, Sanchez M, Nurden AT, Zalduendo M, de la Fuente M, Orive G, Azofra J, Andia I (2006) Autologous fibrin matrices: a potential source of biological mediators that modulate tendon cell activities. J Biomed Mater Res A 77(2):285–293Anitua E, Sanchez M, Orive G, Andia I (2007) The potential impact of the preparation rich in growth factors (PRGF) in different medical fields. Biomaterials 28(31):4551–4560Anitua E, Sanchez M, Orive G, Andia I (2009) Shedding light in the controversial terminology for platelet rich products. J Biomed Mater Res A 90(4):1262–1263Aspenberg P, Virchenko O (2004) Platelet concentrate injection improves Achilles tendon repair in rats. Acta Orthop Scand 75(1):93–99Baums MH, Buchhorn GH, Spahn G, Poppendieck B, Schultz W, Klinger HM (2008) Biomechanical characteristics of single-row repair in comparison to double-row repair with consideration of the suture configuration and suture material. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 16(11):1052–1060Beck J, Evans D, Tonino PM, Yong S, Callaci JJ (2012) The biomechanical and histologic effects of platelet-rich plasma on rat rotator cuff repairs. Am J Sports Med 40(9):2037–2044Bennett NT, Schultz GS (1993) Growth factors and wound healing: biochemical properties of growth factors and their receptors. Am J Surg 165(6):728–737Bowser JE, Elder SH, Rashmir-Raven AM, Swiderski CE (2011) A cryogenic clamping technique that facilitates ultimate tensile strength determinations in tendons and ligaments. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 24(5):370–373Bruce WJ, Frame K, Burbidge HM, Thompson K, Firth EC (2002) A comparison of the effects of joint immobilisation, twice-daily passive motion and voluntary motion on articular cartilage healing in sheep. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 15:23–29Fenwick SA, Hazleman BL, Riley GP (2002) The vasculature and its role in the damaged and healing tendon. Arthritis Res 4(4):252–260Fernandez-Sarmiento JA, Dominguez JM, Granados MM, Morgaz J, Navarrete R, Carrillo JM, Gomez-Villamandos RJ, Munoz-Rascon P, de Las Martin, Mulas J, Millan Y, Garcia-Balletbo M, Cugat R (2013) Histological study of the influence of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) on the healing of divided Achilles tendons in sheep. J Bone Joint Surg Am 95(3):246–255Hettrich CM, Gasinu S, Beamer BS, Stasiak M, Fox A, Birmingham P, Ying O, Deng XH, Rodeo SA (2014) The effect of mechanical load on tendon-to-bone healing in a rat model. Am J Sports Med 42(5):1233–1241Jarvinen TA, Kannus P, Maffulli N, Khan KM (2005) Achilles tendon disorders: etiology and epidemiology. Foot Ankle Clin 10(2):255–266Kaux JF, Drion PV, Colige A, Pascon F, Libertiaux V, Hoffmann A, Janssen L, Heyers A, Nusgens BV, Le Goff C, Gothot A, Cescotto S, Defraigne JO, Rickert M, Crielaard JM (2012) Effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the healing of Achilles tendons of rats. Wound Repair Regen 20(5):748–756Kim HJ, Nam HW, Hur CY, Park M, Yang HS, Kim BS, Park JH (2011) The effect of platelet rich plasma from bone marrow aspirate with added bone morphogenetic protein-2 on the Achilles tendon-bone junction in rabbits. Clin Orthop Surg 3(4):325–331Kim MY, Farnebo S, Woon CY, Schmitt T, Pham H, Chang J (2014) Augmentation of tendon healing with an injectable tendon hydrogel in a rat Achilles tendon model. Plast Reconstr Surg 133(5):645e–653eMaganaris C, Narici M, Almekinders L, Mafulli N (2007) Biomechanics of the Achilles tendon. In: Mafulli N, Almekinders L (eds) The Achilles tendon. Springer, London, pp 17–24Manning DW, Spiguel AR, Mass DP (2010) Biomechanical analysis of partial flexor tendon lacerations in zone II of human cadavers. J Hand Surg 35(1):11–18Martini L, Fini M, Giavaresi G, Giardino R (2001) Sheep model in orthopedic research: a literature review. Comp Med 51(4):292–299Monto RR (2012) Platelet rich plasma treatment for chronic Achilles tendinosis. Foot Ankle Int 33(5):379–385Musani S, Musani I, Dugal R, Habbu N, Madanshetty P, Virani D (2013) An in vitro comparative evaluation of micro tensile bond strength of two metal bonding resin cements bonded to cobalt chromium alloy. J Int Oral Health 5(5):73–78O’Brien M (2005) The anatomy of the Achilles tendon. Foot Ankle Clin 10(2):225–238Pearce AI, Richards RG, Milz S, Schneider E, Pearce SG (2007) Animal models for implant biomaterial research in bone: a review. Eur Cell Mater 13:1–10Sammarco GJ, Burstein AH, Davis WL, Frankel VH (1971) The biomechanics of torsional fractures: the effect of loading on ultimate properties. J Biomech 4(2):113–117Skerry TM, Lanyon LE (1993) Immobilisation induced bone loss in the sheep is not modulated by calcitonin treatment. Bone 14(3):511–516Solchaga LA, Bendele A, Shah V, Snel LB, Kestler HK, Dines JS, Hee CK (2014) Comparison of the effect of intra-tendon applications of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB, platelet-rich plasma, steroids in a rat achilles tendon collagenase model. J Orthop Res 32(1):145–150Uysal CA, Tobita M, Hyakusoku H, Mizuno H (2012) Adipose-derived stem cells enhance primary tendon repair: biomechanical and immunohistochemical evaluation. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 65(12):1712–1719Wang JH, Guo Q, Li B (2012) Tendon biomechanics and mechanobiology—a minireview of basic concepts and recent advancements. J Hand Ther 25(2):133–140 (quiz 141)Wnuk T, Blacha J, Mazurkiewicz T, Olchowik G, Chyzynska M (2012) The mechanical and histological estimation of calcaneal tendon callus in rats after PRP injection. Pol Orthop Traumatol 77:5–