Determinants of Participation in a Catastrophe Insurance Programme: Empirical Evidence from a Developing Country

The paper presents empirical evidence of the determinants of catastrophe insurance participation in one of the poorest and most disaster prone countries in the world. In a large-scale household survey carried out in 2006 we ask 3,000 residents in six different districts in Bangladesh facing various environmental risk exposure levels about their willingness to participate in a catastrophe insurance programme. Combining factors put forward in risk theory and economics, we estimate a model of insurance participation. We show that the household decision to participate in the insurance programme differs depending on both exogenous and endogenous risk exposure levels. As predicted by micro-economic theory, ability to pay, measured in terms of household income and access to credit, significantly affects insurance participation. Furthermore, among the sociodemographic factors investigated in this case study, respondent education and occupation are found to significantly influence household decision making. Our study suggests that low participation rates for catastrophe insurance in a developing country can be explained by high rates of illiteracy and limited access to credit.Natural disasters, catastrophe, insurance, participation, risk, Bangladesh, Consumer/Household Economics, Environmental Economics and Policy, International Development, Risk and Uncertainty, Q54,

Foreign Direct Investments In Bangladesh: Some Recent Trends And Implications

For many developing nations, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been viewed as a powerful instrument for economic development.  In particular, FDI has become a major source of capital formation and an instrument for facilitating knowledge transfer.  Expansion of FDI has led countries to build physical capital, increase employment, trade, and gross domestic product, and consequently helped to eradicate poverty.  Using secondary data for Bangladesh, this paper investigates the effect of FDI on some major economic indicators of growth and examines the functional relationship between FDI and indicators

Artificial System to Compare Energy Status in the Context of Europe and Middle East

Now-a-days Global economy depends on the supply of energy and proper use of it. Energy is very compelling and critical issues all over the world. But the price of energy especially oil is increasing day by day. It is an obvious duty for all government throughout the world that estimation of cost of Oil for future development. The main purpose of this research is to develop a dynamic future and instant oil price prediction model for Business organization, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Economic, Oil Company, Think Tank of the Government, Prime-Minister, World Bank Policy Maker, International Monetary Fund (IMF) etc. In this work, we first apply chi square test to separate factors such as demand of Oil and Gas, over population, Increasing rate Industry, completion of Development and etc. We then make a automate comparison of the production and export rate of the Oil and Gas in various countries among Middle East and Europe. The main purpose of applying it is feature selection to data. Degree of freedom is used to P-value (Probability value) for best predicators of dependent variable. After being separation of factors we have had examined the desired outcome using Bayes2019; Networks (BN). The BN helps to determine the actual result based on our input factors. We should bear in mind that our activities for this work are dynamic and our system can inspect dynamically irrespective of any volume of dataset

Uncertainty Analysis for Spatial Image Extractions in the context of Ontology and Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm

This paper emphasis on spatial feature extractions and selection techniques adopted in content based image retrieval that uses the visual content of a still image to search for similar images in large scale image databases, according to a user2019;s interest. The content based image retrieval problem is motivated by the need to search the exponentially increasing space of image databases efficiently and effectively. It is also possible to classify the remotely sensed image to represent the specific feature of the target images. In this research we first imposed the Fuzzy C-means algorithm to our sample image and observed its value. After getting the experimental result from Fuzzy C-means we have had designed Ontological Matching algorithm which aftereffect better than the previous one. We have had espy that our Ontological Matching algorithm is twenty (20%) percent better than Fuzzy C-means algorithm

Tyrosine Phosphorylation Regulates the Endocytosis and Surface Expression of GluN3A-Containing NMDA Receptors

Selective control of receptor trafficking provides a mechanism for remodeling the receptor composition of excitatory synapses, and thus supports synaptic transmission, plasticity, and development. GluN3A (formerly NR3A) is a nonconventional member of the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) subunit family, which endows NMDAR channels with low calcium permeability and reduced magnesium sensitivity compared with NMDARs comprising only GluN1 and GluN2 subunits. Because of these special properties, GluN3A subunits act as a molecular brake to limit the plasticity and maturation of excitatory synapses, pointing toward GluN3A removal as a critical step in the development of neuronal circuitry. However, the molecular signals mediating GluN3A endocytic removal remain unclear. Here we define a novel endocytic motif (YWL), which is located within the cytoplasmic C-terminal tail of GluN3A and mediates its binding to the clathrin adaptor AP2. Alanine mutations within the GluN3A endocytic motif inhibited clathrin-dependent internalization and led to accumulation of GluN3A-containing NMDARs at the cell surface, whereas mimicking phosphorylation of the tyrosine residue promoted internalization and reduced cell-surface expression as shown by immunocytochemical and electrophysiological approaches in recombinant systems and rat neurons in primary culture. We further demonstrate that the tyrosine residue is phosphorylated by Src family kinases, and that Src-activation limits surface GluN3A expression in neurons. Together, our results identify a new molecular signal for GluN3A internalization that couples the functional surface expression of GluN3A-containing receptors to the phosphorylation state of GluN3A subunits, and provides a molecular framework for the regulation of NMDAR subunit composition with implications for synaptic plasticity and neurodevelopment

Using evidence in mental health policy agenda-setting in low- and middle-income countries: A conceptual meta-framework from a scoping umbrella review.

The purpose of this article is to close the gap in frameworks for the use of evidence in mental health policy agenda-setting in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Agenda-setting is important because mental health remains a culturally-sensitive and neglected issue in LMICs. Moreover, effective evidence-informed agenda-setting can help achieve, and sustain, the status of mental health as a policy priority in these low resource contexts. A scoping review of reviews of evidence-to-policy frameworks was conducted which followed PRISMA guidelines. Nineteen reviews met the inclusion criteria. A meta-framework was developed from analysis and narrative synthesis of these 19 reviews which integrates the key elements identified across studies. It comprises the concepts of evidence, actors, process, context, and approach which are linked via the cross-cutting dimensions of: beliefs, values and interests; capacity; power and politics; and, trust and relationships. Five accompanying questions act as a guide for applying the meta-framework with relevance to mental health agenda-setting in LMICs. This is a novel and integrative meta-framework for mental health policy agenda-setting in LMICs and, as such, an important contribution to this under-researched area. Two major recommendations are identified from the development of the framework to enhance its implementation. First, given the paucity of formal evidence on mental health in LMICs, informal evidence based on stakeholder experience could be better utilised in these contexts. Second, the use of evidence in mental health agenda-setting in LMICs would be enhanced by involving a broader range of stakeholders in generating, communicating and promoting relevant information

The impact of motivation on employees productivity in the retail sector: the mediating effect of compensation benefits

All companies aspire to compete against their rivals, retain a strategic edge in the industry, gain the largest market share and be inspired to bring out their utmost to achieve their desired goals at work. Few businesses think they will gain growth and wealth by important assets for their workers. Unfortunately, most companies appear to exploit the dismissal of their workers and talented applicants. Recognizing the critical position of workers appears to have a major effect on operational performance as most companies aim to maintain staff by empowering and enhancing the working standards of their employees. Therefore, it is necessary to enforce certain techniques to retain high quality and ensure performance and efficiency. The research examined the influence of organizational participation and encouragement in banks' work results. A study of 100 participants was tested, and findings were evaluated using the chi-square analysis. The findings revealed a substantial level below 5% which indicates that the study variables are closely linked. The quantitative approach and qualitative framework have been used to analyze their perception of the effects of job retention on the success of workers. Approach a single case study for various branches by implementing a similar case study and addressing a larger number of samples. This allows the researcher to remove the survey challenge and hold evidence from a larger community with a deeper comprehension of the idea of encouragement and how it influences workers' output