Heavy Metals Extraction Potential of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and Canola (Brassica napus)

Phytoextraction is a remediation technology that uses plants to remove heavy metals from soil. The success of a phytoextraction process depends on adequate plant yield (aerial parts) and high metal concentrations in plant shoots. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the combination effects of plants [sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and canola (Brassica napus)] with soil treatments (manure, sulfuric acid and DTPA). Treatments, included two plants and seven soil treatments, which were applied baeed on a completely randomized factorial design. Three replicates were used for each treatment.. The largest shoot dry weight biomass production occurred in manure treatments for both plants. The maximum shoot concentrations of Pb and Zn were 234.6 and 1364.4 mg kg-1 respectively in three mmoles DTPA kg-1 treatment of sunflower. Furthermore the results showed that sunflower had a higher extracting potential for removal of Pb and Zn from polluted soil

Effect of educational intervention based on Self-Efficacy theory (SET) on behavior of prevention of HIV/ AIDS in high risk women

Introduction: Today, Epidemic of HIV / AIDS is one of the most important health, social, economic problems of human and one of the biggest problems and concerns in many countries of the world that its scope and size is still increasing. This study was performed with aim to determine the effect of educational intervention based on SET on behaviors of prevention of HIV/ AIDS in high risk and vulnerable women in the city of Neka. Methods: This Quasi- experimental (case-control) study was performed on 70 high risk and vulnerable women referred to Drop-In Centers (DIC) in Sari and Neka. Data was gathered using a researcher-made along with completing questionnaire. According to the results obtained from primary completing of the questionnaire, educational intervention was designed based on the SET and was performed in intervention group. After 3 months of intervention, data of both groups was collected and analyzed using SPSS software (version 16) and Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, independent t, and paired t tests. PResults: After educational intervention, use of condom was increased at intervention group (45,7) compared to control group (5,7). The difference between before and after of self- efficacy was significant in intervention group (9.83±0.05) and control group (1.50±2.67) and performance in the intervention group with median and interquartile range of 2.0 (3.0) and control group 0.0 (0.0). In intervention group, there was a significant relation between increase of self-efficacy and increase in performance (P<0,001). Conclusion: Behaviors of prevention of AIDS and self-efficacy is insufficient in the studied women and educational intervention based on the SET can be effective on promotion of self-efficacy and use of condom to prevent from AIDS in these women. © 2015, Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. All rights reserved

Does Pethidine Hydrochloride Analgesia in Patients with Acute Appendicitis Alter the Diagnostic Accuracy of Clinical Evaluation: a Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Background: Prevalence of cancers associated with the use of oral tobacco (OT) is rising very rapidly and prevention of use is the best option to tackle this scenario. This cross-sectional study estimated the proportion of OT use and predictors associated with its initiation and determined the knowledge, attitude A total of 354 students (15-30 years age) in five colleges were interviewed by medical students and completed a peer reviewed, pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire. Chi square test and logistic regression analyses were applied to the results.Method: Thirty nine (11.0%) students were lifetime users of smokeless tobacco among which nineteen (5.4%) were occasional users, seven (2.0%) were current users and thirteen (3.6%) fulfilled the criterion for established users. Paan was the most commonly used form of smokeless tobacco followed by Nass. On univariate analysis, lifetime use of smokeless tobacco showed significant associations with the use of cigarettes, student gender (M &gt; F), individual condition (native &gt; guest) and kind of the College (Engineering &gt; Psychology).Results: Although pain scores significantly reduced in pethidine group and there was a significant difference between the pethidine and placebo groups (p&lt;0.05). Pethidine administration did not alter the physical signs, delay time to surgery, or diagnostic accuracy.Conclusion: According to the result of the study, use of pethidine does not affect the accuracy and time of surgical diagnosis and can effectively reduce the pain among patients with acute abdominal pain due to appendicitis.Copyright©2012 Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. All rights reserved

Synthesis and biological studies of new quinazolines with ether functions in position 2

International audienc

Strategies for Multiplexed Electrochemical Sensor Development

Detection of multiple biomarkers for disease diagnosis or treatment monitoring has received a lot of attention due to their potential impact on clinical decision making. Electrochemical biosensors have become one of the preferred detection approaches, due to the simplicity of the accompanying instrumentation. This chapter will explore how electrochemical sensors can be utilized for detection of multiple analytes by integration of sensors into microfluidic microsystems. Some key fabrication technologies for such devices will be presented utilizing polymer microfabrication, paper-based approaches, and the use of printed circuit boards. Next, the use of electrode arrays will be presented along with some commercial platforms, outlining plausible paths towards a successful electrochemical multiplexed sensor. Novel approaches based on microbeads and various labels will then be introduced along with various strategies and technologies utilized to achieve ultrasensitive multiplexed detection

Meperidine (pethidine) versus morphine in acute pain management of opioid-dependent patients

Hassan Solhi,1 Hossein Sanaei-Zadeh,2 Sadra Solhi,1 Mohammad Ali Azizi Nadian,1 Morteza Gharibi,3 Bahman Sadeghi Sedeh4 1Department of Internal Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, 2Emergency Room, Division of Medical Toxicology, Hazrat Ali-Asghar (p) Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 3Department of Emergency Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, 4Department of Social Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak,&nbsp;Iran Abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of morphine and meperidine (pethidine) as pain relief in opioid-dependent patients with acute pain. A total of 122 opioid-dependent patients with acute pain were included in the study. Their pain severity was assessed, using visual analog scale (VAS) scores ranging from 0 to 10. The patients randomly received intravenous morphine (up to 0.15 mg/kg) or meperidine (up to 1.5 mg/kg) for pain control by patient control analgesia (PCA) pump. The clinical opioid withdrawal scale (COWS) was employed for the assessment of withdrawal symptoms. The pain relief and the emergence of withdrawal symptoms were measured at 15, 30, and 60 minutes after drug administration. The patients who received morphine reported a better pain control compared to those who received meperidine (mean &plusmn; standard deviation [SD] VAS scores 4.11&plusmn;1.90 vs 5.85&plusmn;2.08 at the end of the study; P&lt;0.001). On the other hand, the patients who received meperidine indicated prominent withdrawal symptoms (mean &plusmn; SD COWS scores 4.80&plusmn;2.18 vs. 1.98&plusmn;0.82 at the end of the study; P&lt;0.001). Our findings revealed that morphine can be recommended in acute pain management of opioid-dependent patients. In addition, emergency physicians should ask their patients about any drug dependence before selecting the appropriate drug for their acute pain management. Keywords: pain management, meperidine, morphine, opioid dependency, withdrawal symptom

Effect of health education based on BASNEF pattern on use of personal protective respiratory equipment in Ahvaz carbon block factory workers, 2009

  Background and aims: Respiratory diseases due to work with 50 million annually incidence included one third of all occupational diseases and it is one of the main causes of absenteeism from work in workers. Some occupational diseases can be prevented with personal protective equipment. BASNEF model is one of the effective health education and safety training models for workers. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of educational intervention based on BASNEF pattern on increasing the use of personal protective respiratory equipment among carbon black factory workers , where many air pollutants such as carbon block exists. Methods: In this study the intervention curriculum based on BASNEF pattern administrated on 100 (experimental and control) Ahvaz carbon block factory workers. Data were collected by questionnaires. The data were analyzed by Independent T, χ square and Pearson correlation co- efficient using SPSS version16.   Results : After the intervention, the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, intention, and enabling factors showed significant increase in experimental group in comparison of control group (p&lt;0.00001). In addition, the mean score of subjective norms in experimental and control groups showed no significant differences. Conclusion: The educational program based on BASNEF pattern was effective in improving the use of respiratory personal protective equipment in Ahvaz carbon block factory workers

Health promoting lifestyle and its determinants among university students in Sabzevar, Iran

Background: Healthy lifestyle is a major strategy to promote current and subsequent health status. The aim of this study was to assess the status of health-promoting the lifestyle and its determinants among students. Methods: A stratified random sample of 500 students in a university in the city of Sabzevar, Iran participated in this cross-sectional study. Health-promoting lifestyle was measured using Walker�s health-promoting lifestyle profile II. Results: There was a significant correlation between all domains of health-promoting the lifestyle. The highest score among the domains was for an interpersonal relationship (70.8), and the lowest score was for nutrition (53.6), and physical activity (53.4). Significant differences were found in physical activity by gender (P � 0.05). There were significant differences in health responsibility, spiritual growth and body mass index by marital status (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Since one out of five students in this study were overweight/obese, health program planning to promote lifestyle, especially physical activity and nutrition among students is recommended. Our findings may be helpful for faculty administrators, curriculum planners, and health educators in designing guidelines to structuralize a healthier campus and to develop health promotion programs supporting healthy choices among students. © 2016 International Journal of Preventive Medicine

Effects of educational intervention based on PRECEDE model on self care behaviors and control in patients with type 2 diabetes in 2012

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a chronic disease and its control requires essential change in patients' life style. The aim of this study was survey of effects of educational intervention based on PRECEDE Model on self care behaviors and control in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: This was a quasi-experimental study carried out in 78 patients with type 2 diabetes who have referred to Minoodasht clinic of diabetes. The educational program has been designed according to the PRECEDE Model. Prior to perform the educational intervention, the patients filled a questionnaire which was designed according to the structure of PRECEDE Model for type 2 diabetes patients. The diabetes education program was performed on three target groups (patients, their families and Health care personnel). After four weeks, the effects of the educational program have been evaluated through the same questionnaire. The findings were analyzed by SPSS version 16 and p-value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 49 years, 87.2 were married and 19.2 was illiterate. The rate of income of 44.9 was low. 66 had a family history of diabetes and 64 had been afflicted with diabetes more than 5 years. The Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between formation of a file in diabetes clinic and on-time presence to receive services and participation in the educational classes with the marital status variable. The results also showed that there is a significant relationship between observing food diet and job. The mean scores of knowledge, attitude, practice, reinforcing factors and enabling factors has increased after educational intervention. The Chi-square test shows a significant difference before and after of education intervention in stages of the model. CONCLUSION: The obtained results based on PRECEDE Model would support the positive effect of the educational intervention and its major elements (predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors) on diabetes self-care behaviors