La experiencia de la discapacidad como detonante para un diseño incluyente

Experimentar la discapacidad constituye un ejercicio que incide positivamente en la forma de diseñar, cuando esta acción pretende mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas en esta condición. Este documento presenta los resultados de un estudio cualitativo realizado con futuros diseñadores, quienes vivieron las limitaciones de la discapacidad en un entorno determinado. La aportación radica en sistematizar estos resultados y evidenciar la importancia del Diseño Universal, ya que los alumnos, aunque conocen dicho concepto, no obtienen un aprendizaje significativo hasta que asumen una discapacidad, lo cual posibilita una transformación en su postura como futuro diseñador

Identification and Distribution of Sterols, Bile Acids, and Acylcarnitines by LC-MS/MS in Humans, Mice, and Pigs-A Qualitative Analysis

Sterols, bile acids, and acylcarnitines are key players in human metabolism. Precise annotations of these metabolites with mass spectrometry analytics are challenging because of the presence of several isomers and stereoisomers, variability in ionization, and their relatively low concentrations in biological samples. Herein, we present a sensitive and simple qualitative LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry) method by utilizing a set of pure chemical standards to facilitate the identification and distribution of sterols, bile acids, and acylcarnitines in biological samples including human stool and plasma; mouse ileum, cecum, jejunum content, duodenum content, and liver; and pig bile, proximal colon, cecum, heart, stool, and liver. With this method, we detected 24 sterol, 32 bile acid, and 27 acylcarnitine standards in one analysis that were separated within 13 min by reversed-phase chromatography. Further, we observed different sterol, bile acid, and acylcarnitine profiles for the different biological samples across the different species. The simultaneous detection and annotation of sterols, bile acids, and acylcarnitines from reference standards and biological samples with high precision represents a valuable tool for screening these metabolites in routine scientific research

Safety assessment of probiotics for human use

The safety of probiotics is tied to their intended use, which includes consideration of potential vulnerability of the consumer or patient, dose and duration of consumption, and both the manner and frequency of administration. Unique to probiotics is that they are alive when administered, and unlike other food or drug ingredients, possess the potential for infectivity or in situ toxin production. Since numerous types of microbes are used as probiotics, safety is also intricately tied to the nature of the specific microbe being used. The presence of transferable antibiotic resistance genes, which comprises a theoretical risk of transfer to a less innocuous member of the gut microbial community, must also be considered. Genetic stability of the probiotic over time, deleterious metabolic activities, and the potential for pathogenicity or toxicogenicity must be assessed depending on the characteristics of the genus and species of the microbe being used. Immunological effects must be considered, especially in certain vulnerable populations, including infants with undeveloped immune function. A few reports about negative probiotic effects have surfaced, the significance of which would be better understood with more complete understanding of the mechanisms of probiotic interaction with the host and colonizing microbes. Use of readily available and low cost genomic sequencing technologies to assure the absence of genes of concern is advisable for candidate probiotic strains. The field of probiotic safety is characterized by the scarcity of studies specifically designed to assess safety contrasted with the long history of safe use of many of these microbes in foods

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Innovación, desarrollo tecnológico y gestión : una construcción desde la investigación

Libro que compila investigaciones de carácter aplicadas y descriptivas en materia de innovación y desarrollo tecnológico, gestión organizacional y empresarial orientada a productividad, rentabilidad, competitividad y sostenibilidadBook that compiles researches of applied and descriptive character in the matter of innovation and technological development, organizational and business management oriented to productivity, profitability, competitiveness and sustainabilityCapítulo 1. Material compuesto para la construcción a partir de la celulosa del papel y cartón reciclado / Carlos Arturo Tamayo S; Nicolás Montero Camacho; Fredy Antonio Herrera -- Capítulo 2. Tecnologías de conservación para base de sopa de frijol rojo (phaseolus vulgaris) y vegetales / Yaceris Castro Escorcia; Teresa Altamar Pérez; Enedys Florez Cortés; Ángela Ortiz Ruiz. Capítulo 3. Utilización de harina compuesta de frijol caupi (vigna unguiculata) en masas para alimentos congelados / Marcela Villalba Cadavid; Matilde Rodríguez Muñoz; Beatriz Fernández; Juan Mendoza Combatt -- Capítulo 4. Elaboración de biorrecubrimiento comestible para carne de hamburguesa como alternativa de conservación y condimento natural / Camila Andrea Ubaque Beltrán. CAPÍTULO 5. Identificación de alternativas de industrialización de productos y subproductos agroindustriales en nuevos materiales bio poliméricos / Luz Henao Díaz; Deya Pérez Zúñiga; Herold Arango Gómez. Capítulo 6. SCADA inalámbrico para monitoreo de sistemas de energía solar / Nelson Giovanni Agudelo Cristancho; Juan Carlos Amezquita Tovar; Ángela María Montoya Castro. -- Capítulo 7. Evaluación de la calidad del agua para consumo humano del corregimiento de Jaraquiel, Montería, Córdoba / Carlos Burgos Galeano; Álvaro Aleán Vásquez; Paula Estrada Palencia -- Capítulo 8. Optimización del sistema de abastecimiento de agua en la comunidad de Jaraquel, Montería Colombia / Carlos Burgos Galeano; Pedro Ramos Tejada; Paula Estrada Palencia; Jhon Sánchez Correa. -- Capítulo 9. Ejecución y sostenibilidad de proyectos productivos en la microrregión cafetera del municipio de Ciénaga, Magdalena / Sugey Issa Fontalvo; Eduardo Robles Panetta; Freddy González Castillo. -- Capítulo 10. Aplicación del método cualitativo por puntos para determinar aspirante favorito a cargos directivos en IES / Zamir Martelo Ballesteros; Raúl Martelo Gómez; Luis Tovar Garrido; Natividad Villabona Gómez; David Franco Borré. -- Capítulo 11 Responsabilidad social en comunidades indígenas orientada al diseño de automatización de válvulas del gasoducto Riohacha-Maicao / Gelvis Melo Freile; César Rivera Romero; Jesús García Guiliany. -- Capítulo 12 Fortalecimiento de la gestión económica de las Mipymes a través de la consultoría / Gloria Amparo Acosta Romero; Mónica Andrade Ríos; Karen Roxana Sánchez. -- Capítulo 13. El compromiso como valor en la responsabilidad social universitaria / Maura Quintero Gutiérrez, Dubys Villarreal Torres; Jesús García Guiliany; Annherys Paz Marcano; Marieth Orcasitas Peñaloza. -- Capítulo 14. Educación financiera como alternativa de desarrollo económico y social para el distrito de Riohacha / Henitzo Martínez Pinedo; Darcy Luz Mendoza; Martha Jaramillo Acosta; Edwin Salas Solano. -- Capítulo 15. Tecnologías de información y comunicación en proceso contable y financiero en pymes del sector turístico / Martha Josefina Castrillón Rois; Edilberto Rafael Santos Moreno; Lorena Esther Gómez Bermúdez; Génesis Barros González. -- Capítulo 16. Aplicación de brainstorming y problem trees para determinar factores que inciden en enseñanza del inglés / Jesús Llerena; Raúl J. Martelo; Jhon Cuesta; Javier Pinedo; David Franco.-- Capítulo 17. Incidencia del marketing en las microempresas del sector comercio en Rionegro Antioquia: conceptualización / Santiago Álzate Carmona; María Yamile Mazo Gil; Leidy García Jaramillo. -- Capítulo 18. Turismo en el Cabo de la Vela: un acercamiento entre los imaginarios turísticos de los visitantes y la creencia de Jepirra, territorio sagrado / María Laura Aponte Aarón; Esmerlis Camargo Torres. -- Capítulo 19. Caracterización de la actividad turística en buenaventura y su integración con las comunidades locales / Víctor Cándelo Aragón; Henry Orobio García; Luis Montaño Aguilar. -- Capítulo 20. Plataforma de comercialización electrónica de un centro de abastos / Karen Ávila Suarez; Mauro Reyes Ortiz. -- Capítulo 21. El teletrabajo en la gestión administrativa / Estefanía Sandoval Cruz; René Alexander Guerrero Vergel. -- Capítulo 22. Gestión del conocimiento y alianzas estratégicas en los procesos de innovación tecnológica / Elder Rivero Gutiérrez; Fátima Bolaño Mendoza. -- Capítulo 23. Competitividad e innovación en el aprendiz SENA: perspectivas de formación / Elizabeth Tuberquia Vanegas; René Alexander Guerrero Vergel. -- Capítulo 24. Bomba de riego por goteo solar, una alternativa para aumentar la eficiencia energética en las unidades acuícolas / Sergio Gabriel Brito Brito; Daldo Ricardo Araujo Vidal; Nicolás Annicharico Jiménez. -- Capítulo 25. Herramienta digital de consultas contables y tributarias para unidades productivas creadas en el fondo emprender / Elkin Fuentes Jiménez; Alda Pérez Campuzano; Marieth Orcasitas Peñaloza; Olga Elena Guerra ArmentaPrimera ediciónna347 página

The Effects of Consuming White Button Mushroom Agaricus bisporus on the Brain and Liver Metabolome Using a Targeted Metabolomic Analysis

A targeted metabolomic analysis was performed on tissues derived from pigs fed diets supplemented with white button mushrooms (WBM) to determine the effect on the liver and brain metabolome. Thirty-one pigs were fed a grower diet alone or supplemented with either three or six servings of freeze-dried WBM for six weeks. Tissue metabolomes were analyzed using targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) combined with chemical similarity enrichment analysis (ChemRICH) and correlated to WBM-induced changes in fecal microbiome composition. Results indicated that WBM can differentially modulate metabolites in liver, brain cortex and hippocampus of healthy pigs. Within the glycero-phospholipids, there was an increase in alkyl-acyl-phosphatidyl-cholines (PC-O 40:3) in the hippocampus of pigs fed six servings of WBM. A broader change in glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids was detected in the liver with a reduction in several lipid species in pigs fed both WBM diets but with an increase in amino acids known as precursors of neurotransmitters in the cortex of pigs fed six servings of WBM. Metabolomic changes were positively correlated with increased abundance of Cryomorphaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Flammeovirgaceae and Ruminococcaceae in the microbiome suggesting that WBM can also positively impact tissue metabolite composition

Molecular cloning of the Swine IL-4 receptor a and IL-13 receptor 1-chains: effects of experimental Toxoplasma gondii, Abstract Ascaris suum and Trichuris suis infections on tissue mRNA levels

IL-4 and IL-13 are multi-functional cytokines with overlapping roles in the host defense against infection. Equally important in the regulation of IL-4 and IL-13 are their associated receptors. Though, their functional receptor complexes and signaling pathways are intricate and in some cases, share common elements, the specificity of the responses, nonetheless, resides in the structure and binding of the a-chain components. This report presents the cloning of the swine receptors IL-4Ra and IL-13Ra1 and the effects of parasite infection on their transcription. Pairwise alignment of predicted amino acid sequences indicates that the swine IL-13Ra1 is 86, 83, and 72% similar to canine, human and mouse sequences, respectively. Amino acid sequence conservation is appreciably lower between the swine IL-4Ra sequence and those from equine (72%), human (66%), and mouse (49%); however, noteworthy similarities were observed in their overall predicted secondary structures predominantly among the swine, equine, and human homologues. Relative levels of receptor mRNA in tissues from swine experimentally infected with the protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) or the nematodes Ascaris suum (A. suum) or Trichuris suis (T. suis), which are known to induce Th1 or Th2 host responses, respectively, were measured by real-time PCR. Results indicated that within 14 days following infection, overall mRNA levels for IL-4Ra and IL-13Ra1 were elevated in T. gondii-infected animals and reduced in A. suum-infected animals. Levels of swIL-4Ra and swIL-13Ra1 mRNA in T. suis-infected animals varied coincidentally with the course of the infection and the location of the analyzed tissue

Detection of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (Bb12) in the Intestine after Feeding of Sows and Their Piglets▿

A real-time PCR method has been developed to distinguish Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies in the gastrointestinal tracts of pigs. Identification of a highly conserved single-copy tuf gene encoding the elongation factor Tu involved in bacterial protein biosynthesis was used as a marker to differentiate homologous Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (strain Bb12) from Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis, as well as Bifidobacterium suis, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium longum, several species of Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus faecium. Real-time PCR detection of serially diluted DNA extracted from a pure culture of Bb12 was linear for bacterial numbers ranging from 10 to 10,000 tuf gene copies per PCR (r2 = 0.99). Relative differences in Bb12 bacterial numbers in pigs fed daily with Bb12 were determined after detection of Bb12 tuf gene copies in DNA extracted from the intestinal contents. Piglets treated with Bb12 immediately after birth maintained a high level of Bb12 in their large intestines with continuous daily administration of Bb12. Piglets born to Bb12-treated sows during the last third of their gestation and also treated with Bb12 at birth (T/T group) had a higher number of Bb12 organisms per gram of intestinal contents compared to placebo-treated piglets born to placebo-treated sows (C/C group), Bb12-treated sows (T/C group), or piglets born to placebo sows but treated with Bb12 immediately after birth (C/T group). In addition, there was a significant increase in gene expression for Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in piglets from the T/T group, with no change in TLR2 and TLR4. These findings suggest that the tuf gene represents a specific and functional marker for detecting Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain Bb12 within the microbiota of the intestine

Educación sexual de jóvenes de nivel medio superior de la Preparatoria Cuautla, Mor.

Licenciatura en Intervención Educativ