Analysis of GPS radio occultation data from the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC and Metop/GRAS missions at CDAAC

This study investigates the noise level and mission-to-mission stability of Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) neutral atmospheric bending angle data at the UCAR COSMIC Data Analysis and Archive Center (CDAAC). Data are used from two independently developed RO instruments currently flying in orbit on the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3C) and Metop/GRAS (GNSS Receiver for Atmospheric Sounding) missions. The F3C 50 Hz RO data are post-processed with a single-difference excess atmospheric phase algorithm, and the Metop/GRAS 50 Hz closed loop and raw sampling (down-sampled from 1000 Hz to 50 Hz) data are processed with a zero-difference algorithm. The standard deviations of the F3C and Metop/GRAS bending angles from climatology between 60 and 80 km altitude from June–December 2009 are approximately 1.78 and 1.13 μrad, respectively. The F3C standard deviation reduces significantly to 1.44 μrad when single-difference processing uses GPS satellites on the same side of the spacecraft. The higher noise level for F3C bending angles can be explained by additional noise from the reference link phase data that are required with single-difference processing. The F3C and Metop/GRAS mean bending angles differences relative to climatology during the same six month period are statistically significant and have values of −0.05 and −0.02 μrad, respectively. A comparison of ~13 500 collocated F3C and Metop/GRAS bending angle profiles over this six month period shows a similar mean difference of ~0.02 ± 0.02 μrad between 30 and 60 km impact heights that is marginally significant. The observed mean difference between the F3C and Metop/GRAS bending angles of ~0.02–0.03 μrad is quite small and illustrates the high degree of re-produceability and mission independence of the GPS RO data at high altitudes. Collocated bending angles between two F3C satellites from early in the mission differ on average by up to 0.5% near the surface due to systematically lower signal-to-noise ratio for one of the satellites. Results from F3C and Metop/GRAS differences in the lower troposphere suggest the Metop/GRAS bending angles are negatively biased compared to F3C with a maximum of several percents near the surface in tropical regions. This bias is related to different tracking depths (deeper in F3C) and data gaps in Metop/GRAS which make it impossible to process the data from both missions in exactly the same way

Vortex merger near a topographic slope in a homogeneous rotating fluid

This work is a contribution to the PHYSINDIEN research program. It was supported by CNRS-RFBR contract PRC 1069/16-55-150001.The effect of a bottom slope on the merger of two identical Rankine vortices is investigated in a two dimensional, quasi-geostrophic, incompressible fluid. When two cyclones initially lie parallel to the slope, and more than two vortex diameters away from the slope, the critical merger distance is unchanged. When the cyclones are closer to the slope, they can merge at larger distances, but they lose more mass into filaments, thus weakening the efficiency of merger. Several effects account for this: the topographic Rossby wave advects the cyclones, reduces their mutual distance and deforms them. This along shelf wave breaks into filaments and into secondary vortices which shear out the initial cyclones. The global motion of fluid towards the shallow domain and the erosion of the two cyclones are confirmed by the evolution of particles seeded both in the cyclone sand near the topographic slope. The addition of tracer to the flow indicates that diffusion is ballistic at early times. For two anticyclones, merger is also facilitated because one vortex is ejected offshore towards the other, via coupling with a topographic cyclone. Again two anticyclones can merge at large distance but they are eroded in the process. Finally, for taller topographies, the critical merger distance is again increased and the topographic influence can scatter or completely erode one of the two initial cyclones. Conclusions are drawn on possible improvements of the model configuration for an application to the ocean.PostprintPeer reviewe

The ROHP-PAZ Polarimetric Radio Occultation research dataset and its applications

Trabajo presentado al 7th International Workshop on Occultations for Probing Atmosphere and Climate y al 9th Workshop of the International Radio Occultation Working Group (OPAC-IROWG), celebrados del 8 al 14 de septiembre de 2022 en Leibnitz, Austria.After more than 4 years on orbit, the Radio Occultations and Heavy Precipitation aboard PAZ satellite (ROHP-PAZ) experiment has already demonstrated the ability of polarimetric radio occultations (PRO) to detect precipitation. In fact, PRO have shown potential not only in rain detection, but also in precipitation characterization and in sensing the associated vertical cloud structures. PAZ PRO Δϕ observable profiles were made available in 2020 trough the ICE servers (https://paz.ice.csic.es), (https://genesis.jpl.nasa.gov). and more recently through the JPL A new re-processing of the PRO observations is being carried out with the aim to make it public during the second half of 2022. In addition to a better treatment of the rainy observations, the new re-processed profiles will come with an extensive collocation dataset that will allow the users to address scientific studies much more easily. These will take into account the limb-sounding geometry of the observations, performing the collocations directly into the RO rays obtained through a ray-tracer. These collocations include observations like the 30-minute geostationary 10.8 µm brightness temperature, GPM IMERG surface precipitation, microwave brightness temperatures from the numerous overpasses by the satellites in the GPM constellation, radar reflectivities from the GPM core satellite and the NEXRAD ground based weather radars, among others. Furthermore, the collocation algorithms are designed so that more external observations can be easily included. In addition to the exact collocations as described above, external databases are also checked so that coincidences with Tropical Cyclones, Mesoscale Convective Systems and other relevant precipitating systems are identified nearby PAZ observations. In this presentation, we will show a brief overview of the re-processing of the ROHP-PAZ data, with emphasis in the differences between the Δϕ profiles obtained from UCAR’s CDAAC excess phases and from those obtained from JPL excess phases. After that, examples of the coincident datasets will be presented. Results will include statistics gathered from the differentiation of different precipitation regimes (e.g. stratiform vs convective), identification and validation of cloud top height determination, and comparison with other relevant parameters obtained from the collocated observations.The ROHP-PAZ project is part of the Grant RTI2018-099008-B-C22 funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe” of the “European Union”. Part of the investigations are done under the EUMETSAT ROM SAF CDOP4. This work was partially supported by the program Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2020-001058-M. Part of this research has received funding from the postdoctoral fellowships program Beatriu de Pinós, funded by the Secretary of Universities and Research (Government of Catalonia) and by the Horizon 2020 program of research and innovation of the European Union under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 801370.Peer reviewe

Quantification of structural uncertainty in climate data records from GPS radio occultation

Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) has provided continuous observations of the Earth's atmosphere since 2001 with global coverage, all-weather capability, and high accuracy and vertical resolution in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). Precise time measurements enable long-term stability but careful processing is needed. Here we provide climate-oriented atmospheric scientists with multicenter-based results on the long-term stability of RO climatological fields for trend studies. We quantify the structural uncertainty of atmospheric trends estimated from the RO record, which arises from current processing schemes of six international RO processing centers, DMI Copenhagen, EUM Darmstadt, GFZ Potsdam, JPL Pasadena, UCAR Boulder, and WEGC Graz. Monthly-mean zonal-mean fields of bending angle, refractivity, dry pressure, dry geopotential height, and dry temperature from the CHAMP mission are compared for September 2001 to September 2008. We find that structural uncertainty is lowest in the tropics and mid-latitudes (50° S to 50° N) from 8 km to 25 km for all inspected RO variables. In this region, the structural uncertainty in trends over 7 yr is <0.03% for bending angle, refractivity, and pressure, <3 m for geopotential height of pressure levels, and <0.06 K for temperature; low enough for detecting a climate change signal within about a decade. Larger structural uncertainty above about 25 km and at high latitudes is attributable to differences in the processing schemes, which undergo continuous improvements. Though current use of RO for reliable climate trend assessment is bound to 50° S to 50° N, our results show that quality, consistency, and reproducibility are favorable in the UTLS for the establishment of a climate benchmark record

Energy and information technologies in regenerative medicine: effect of the interaction of biologically active plant substrates with the human body

Babinets Ph. P., Sokolovskiy S. I., Sokolovskiy I. I., Prohorov G. V., Gozhenko S. A., Philippov Yu. A., Yashin A. A., Zukow W. Энергоинформационные технологии в восстановительной медицине: эффекты взаимодействия биологически активных растительных субстратов с организмом человека = Energy and information technologies in regenerative medicine: effect of the interaction of biologically active plant substrates with the human body. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(6):37-50. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18210 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%286%29%3A37-50 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/562810 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18210 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011 – 2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive   Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 20.05.2015. Revised 28.05.2015. Accepted: 31.05.2015.   УДК 615.32-012.8:616-08   ЭНЕРГОИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ВОССТАНОВИТЕЛЬНОЙ МЕДИЦИНЕ: ЭФФЕКТЫ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫХ РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ СУБСТРАТОВ С ОРГАНИЗМОМ ЧЕЛОВЕКАEnergy and Information Technologies in regenerative medicine: effect of the interaction of biologically active plant substrates with the human body Ф. П. Бабинец1, С. И. Соколовский1, И. И. Соколовский2. Г. В. Прохоров3, С. А. Гоженко4, Ю. А. Филиппов5, А. А. Яшин6, В. Жуков7 Ph. P. Babinets, S. I. Sokolovskiy, I. I. Sokolovskiy, G. V. Prohorov, S. A. Gozhenko, Yu. A. Philippov, A. A. Yashin, W. Zukow   1Днепропетровскиймедицинский институт традиционной и нетрадиционной медицины 2Институт транспортных систем и технологий НАН Украины 3Черновицкий национальный университет 4УкрНИИ медицины транспорта МОЗ Украины 5Днепропетровская государственная медицинская академия 6Медицинский институтТульского государственного  университета 7Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego, Bydgoszcz, Polska Medical Institute of Traditional and Alternative medicine, Dnepropetrovsk Institute of Transport Systems and Technologies Chernivtsi National University Ukrainian Research Institute for Medicine of Transport, Odessa State Medical Academy, Dnepropetrovsk Medical Institute at Tula State University, Tula Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland   The results of development and research of new type device intended for correction of the functional state of the person, and to neutralize the negative influence of external electromagnetic radiation of different origin, which is a part of the active energy carrier in the form of extracts from plants located in the synergistic relationship. Keywords: electromagnetic radiation, the information signal, biocorrector, converter, Kirlian photography, acupuncture meridians.   В статье приведены результаты разработки и исследований устройств нового типа, предназначенных как для коррекции функционального состояния человека, так и для нейтрализации негативного влияния внешних электромагнитных излучений различного происхождения, в составе которых находится активный энергетический носитель в виде вытяжек из растений, находящихся в синергетической взаимосвязи. Ключевые слова: электромагнитные излучения, информационный сигнал, биокорректор, нейтрализатор, кирлианография, акупунктурные меридианы

Ionospheric correction of GPS radio occultation data in the troposphere

For inversions of the GPS radio occultation (RO) data in the neutral atmosphere, this study investigates an optimal transition height for replacing the standard ionospheric correction using the linear combination of the L1 and L2 bending angles with the correction of the L1 bending angle by the L1–L2 bending angle extrapolated from above. The optimal transition height depends on the RO mission (i.e., the receiver and firmware) and is different between rising and setting occultations and between L2P and L2C GPS signals. This height is within the range of approximately 10–20 km. One fixed transition height, which can be used for the processing of currently available GPS RO data, can be set to 20 km. Analysis of the L1CA and the L2C bending angles shows that in some occultations the errors of standard ionospheric correction substantially increase around the strong inversion layers (such as the top of the boundary layer). This error increase is modeled and explained by the horizontal inhomogeneity of the ionosphere

Error analysis of Abel retrieved electron density profiles from radio occultation measurements

This letter reports for the first time the simulated error distribution of radio occultation (RO) electron density profiles (EDPs) from the Abel inversion in a systematic way. Occultation events observed by the COSMIC satellites are simulated during the spring equinox of 2008 by calculating the integrated total electron content (TEC) along the COSMIC occultation paths with the "true" electron density from an empirical model. The retrieval errors are computed by comparing the retrieved EDPs with the "true" EDPs. The results show that the retrieved NmF2 and hmF2 are generally in good agreement with the true values, but the reliability of the retrieved electron density degrades in low latitude regions and at low altitudes. Specifically, the Abel retrieval method overestimates electron density to the north and south of the crests of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA), and introduces artificial plasma caves underneath the EIA crests. At lower altitudes (E- and F1-regions), it results in three pseudo peaks in daytime electron densities along the magnetic latitude and a pseudo trough in nighttime equatorial electron densities