345 research outputs found
A flaring X-ray pulsar in Dorado
A study of unusual gamma-ray bursts detected on March 5 and March 6, 1979 in the KONUS experiment on the Venera 11 and Venera 12 spacecraft shows their source to be flaring X-ray pulsar in Dorado
Preliminary results of a gamma-ray burst study in the Konus experiment on the Venera-11 and Venera-12 space probes
Twenty-one gamma-ray bursts and 68 solar flares in the hard X-ray range were detected on Venera-11 and Venera-12 space probes during the initial 50-day observation period. Major characteristics of the equipment used and preliminary data on the temporal structure and energy spectra of the gamma-ray bursts are considered. The pattern of gamma-ray burst frequency distribution vs. intensity, N(S), is established
Risk of Venous Thromboembolic Complications in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Aim: The aim of this meta-analysis and systematic review was to evaluate the possible connection between AF and VTE.Material and methods. Atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) contribute to intra-atrial blood stasis which leads to thrombus formation with its embolization. There is some evidence that AF can be a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). The following databases were searched: PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The time frame for conducting a systematic literature search ranged from January 1, 1990 to November 1, 2021. The diagnosis of atrial fibrillation had to be confirmed by using ECG. The diagnosis of VTE could be made with Doppler imaging, ventilation/perfusion scan, CT angiography, venography, angiography or autopsy. Only the three studies with 102192 patients meeting the requirement were included in the meta-analysis.Results. The prevalence of DVT and PE were assessed using incidence rate ratios (IRR) method of the inverse variance random effects model and its 95% confidence interval (CI). The significant association between atrial fibrillation and pulmonary embolism was found (IRR, 4.18 95% Cl 1.958.98). Also there is obvious association between DVT and AF (IRR, 2.97 95% Cl 2.18-4.03).Conclusion. It can be concluded that the increased risk of developing VTE is associatedwith concomitant AF
The optical identifcation of events with poorly defined locations: The case of the Fermi GBM GRB140801A
We report the early discovery of the optical afterglow of gamma-ray burst
(GRB) 140801A in the 137 deg 3- error-box of the Fermi Gamma-ray
Burst Monitor (GBM). MASTER is the only observatory that automatically react to
all Fermi alerts. GRB 140801A is one of the few GRBs whose optical counterpart
was discovered solely from its GBM localization. The optical afterglow of GRB
140801A was found by MASTER Global Robotic Net 53 sec after receiving the
alert, making it the fastest optical detection of a GRB from a GBM error-box.
Spectroscopy obtained with the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias and the 6-m BTA
of SAO RAS reveals a redshift of . We performed optical and
near-infrared photometry of GRB 140801A using different telescopes with
apertures ranging from 0.4-m to 10.4-m. GRB 140801A is a typical burst in many
ways. The rest-frame bolometric isotropic energy release and peak energy of the
burst is erg and
keV, respectively, which is consistent with the
Amati relation. The absence of a jet break in the optical light curve provides
a lower limit on the half-opening angle of the jet deg. The
observed is consistent with the limit derived from the
Ghirlanda relation. The joint Fermi GBM and Konus-Wind analysis shows that GRB
140801A could belong to the class of intermediate duration. The rapid detection
of the optical counterpart of GRB 140801A is especially important regarding the
upcoming experiments with large coordinate error-box areas.Comment: in press MNRAS, 201
Acute WNT signalling activation perturbs differentiation within the adult stomach and rapidly leads to tumour formation
A role for WNT signalling in gastric carcinogenesis has been suggested due to two major observations. First, patients with germline mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) are susceptible to stomach polyps and second, in gastric cancer, WNT activation confers a poor prognosis. However, the functional significance of deregulated WNT signalling in gastric homoeostasis and cancer is still unclear. In this study we have addressed this by investigating the immediate effects of WNT signalling activation within the stomach epithelium. We have specifically activated the WNT signalling pathway within the mouse adult gastric epithelium via deletion of either glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) or APC or via expression of a constitutively active Ξ²-catenin protein. WNT pathway deregulation dramatically affects stomach homoeostasis at very short latencies. In the corpus, there is rapid loss of parietal cells with fundic gland polyp (FGP) formation and adenomatous change, which are similar to those observed in familial adenomatous polyposis. In the antrum, adenomas occur from 4 days post-WNT activation. Taken together, these data show a pivotal role for WNT signalling in gastric homoeostasis, FGP formation and adenomagenesis. Loss of the parietal cell population and corresponding FGP formation, an early event in gastric carcinogenesis, as well as antral adenoma formation are immediate effects of nuclear Ξ²-catenin translocation and WNT target gene expression. Furthermore, our inducible murine model will permit a better understanding of the molecular changes required to drive tumourigenesis in the stomach
Salinity modulates thermotolerance, energy metabolism and stress response in amphipods Gammarus lacustris
Temperature and salinity are important abiotic factors for aquatic invertebrates. We investigated the influence of different salinity regimes on thermotolerance, energy metabolism and cellular stress defense mechanisms in amphipods Gammarus lacustris Sars from two populations. We exposed amphipods to different thermal scenarios and determined their survival as well as activity of major antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase) and parameters of energy metabolism (content of glucose, glycogen, ATP, ADP, AMP and lactate). Amphipods from a freshwater population were more sensitive to the thermal challenge, showing higher mortality during acute and gradual temperature change compared to their counterparts from a saline lake. A more thermotolerant population from a saline lake had high activity of antioxidant enzymes. The energy limitations of the freshwater population (indicated by low baseline glucose levels, downward shift of the critical temperature of aerobic metabolism and inability to maintain steady-state ATP levels during warming) was observed, possibly reflecting a trade-off between the energy demands for osmoregulation under the hypo-osmotic condition of a freshwater environment and protection against temperature stress
ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π΅ ΡΡΠΊΠ° Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡ
Thromboembolic syndrome, the frequency of which is 8β15%, is the main danger for a patient with atrial fibrillation (AF). The left atrial appendage is the most common source of thromboembolia in atrial fibrillation. The frequency of detection of left atrial appendage thrombus in AF is 15.2% in the absence of anticoagulant therapy and 1β8% in patients using this group of drugs. The reason for the formation of thrombi in this localization during anticoagulant therapy today it is not reliably known. This article describes a clinical case of a 67-year-old patient with persistent AF and left atrial appendage thrombosis, who was hospitalized to determine further management strategies. A left atrial appendage thrombus lasted for a year despite continuous anticoagulant therapy with various oral anticoagulants at doses consistent with clinical guidelines due to the patient's absolute refusal to take warfarin, vitamin K antagonist. In addition, this article discusses the use of Thrombodynamics, a new global coagulation test, in patients with AF, which revealed a plasma hypercoagulable state with underlying persistent thrombosis in this patient on continuous oral anticoagulant treatment. The Thrombodynamics test is a promising procedure for assessing the coagulation system state and may be promising as a method for measuring the effectiveness of any oral anticoagulant. However, it is impossible to draw any definite conclusions on the basis of single observations; large clinical studies with the potential of long-term case follow-up of patients are needed.ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΉ (Π€Π) Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ 8β15%. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΊΠΎ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡ. Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±Π° Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΊΠ° Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π€Π ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ 15,2% ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ 1β8% Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ. ΠΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½Π°. Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈ 67 Π»Π΅Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π€Π ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΊΠ° Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’ΡΠΎΠΌΠ± Π² ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ
, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌ Π²Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π°Π½ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π Π²Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Β«Π’ΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°Β» Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π€Π, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π°. Π’Π΅ΡΡ Β«Π’ΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°Β» ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ°. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
The influence of salinity on the effects of Multi-walled carbon nanotubes on polychaetes
Salinity shifts in estuarine and coastal areas are becoming a topic of concern and are one of the main factors influencing nanoparticles behaviour in the environment. For this reason, the impacts of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) under different seawater salinity conditions were evaluated on the common ragworm Hediste diversicolor, a polychaete species widely used as bioindicator of estuarine environmental quality. An innovative method to assess the presence of MWCNT aggregates in the sediments was used for the first time. Biomarkers approach was used to evaluate the metabolic capacity, oxidative status and neurotoxicity of polychaetes after long-term exposure. The results revealed an alteration of energy-related responses in contaminated polychaetes under both salinity conditions, resulting in an increase of metabolism and expenditure of their energy reserves (lower glycogen and protein contents). Moreover, a concentration-dependent toxicity (higher lipid peroxidation, lower ratio between reduced and oxidized glutathione and activation of antioxidant defences and biotransformation mechanisms) was observed in H. diversicolor, especially when exposed to low salinity. Additionally, neurotoxicity was observed by inhibition of Cholinesterases activity in organisms exposed to MWCNTs at both salinities.publishe
Biomethanation potential of biological and other wastes
Anaerobic technology has been traditionally applied for the treatment of carbon rich wastewater and organic residues. Anaerobic processes can be fully integrated in the biobased economy concept for resource recovery. After a brief introduction about applications of anaerobic processes to industrial wastewater treatment, agriculture feedstock and organic fraction of municipal solid waste, the position of anaerobic processes in biorefinery concepts is presented. Integration of anaerobic digestion with these processes can help in the maximisation of the economic value of the biomass used, while reducing the waste streams produced and mitigating greenhouse gases emissions. Besides the integration of biogas in the existing full-scale bioethanol and biodiesel production processes, the potential applications of biogas in the second generation lignocellulosic, algae and syngas-based biorefinery platforms are discussed.(undefined
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