Increasing the Efficiency of Blind Decoding of the Steganographic Method with Code Control of Additional Information Embedding

Modern energy systems are often used as a medium for information transmission, including confidential information, which makes relevant the task of ensuring its security, which today is solved using not only cryptographic but also steganographic means that ensure concealment of the very fact of confidential information transmission. The steganographic method with code control of the additional information embedding possesses practical important qualities, but in its original form requires the presence of a container for successful information extraction, which is not always desirable in practice, while the known modification of this steganographic method allows blind decoding is characterized by an insufficient level of resistance to attacks against the embedded message. The purpose of this paper is to improve the efficiency of the steganographic method with code control of the additional information embedding and blind decoding. This purpose was achieved by identifying two factors that determine the occurrence of errors during blind decoding of additional information in the steganographic method with code control: variation of sub-blocks, and errors caused by attacks against the embedded message. We pro-pose the theoretical and practical rationale for codewords that provide the best level of re-sistance to both factors. The most significant result of the paper is a reduction in the number of decoding errors of the steganographic method with code control of the additional information embedding and blind decoding by 12.01% compared to the result known in the literature through a reasonable choice of codewords used to embed the additional information

Comprehensive Molecular Characterization of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma

SummaryWe report a comprehensive molecular characterization of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PCCs/PGLs), a rare tumor type. Multi-platform integration revealed that PCCs/PGLs are driven by diverse alterations affecting multiple genes and pathways. Pathogenic germline mutations occurred in eight PCC/PGL susceptibility genes. We identified CSDE1 as a somatically mutated driver gene, complementing four known drivers (HRAS, RET, EPAS1, and NF1). We also discovered fusion genes in PCCs/PGLs, involving MAML3, BRAF, NGFR, and NF1. Integrated analysis classified PCCs/PGLs into four molecularly defined groups: a kinase signaling subtype, a pseudohypoxia subtype, a Wnt-altered subtype, driven by MAML3 and CSDE1, and a cortical admixture subtype. Correlates of metastatic PCCs/PGLs included the MAML3 fusion gene. This integrated molecular characterization provides a comprehensive foundation for developing PCC/PGL precision medicine

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Effect of radiation reaction on particle motion and production in IZEST-strong fields

We discuss radiation physics in fields approaching the Schwinger field. Among the leading effects in such strong fields are: (1) lepton production; (2) radiation effects from highly accelerated electrons; and (3) radiation back-reaction. Once applied to multi-TeV electrons, the intense electromagnetic fields could produce radiating muons

Investigations of short range ordering in Fe-(5-6)% (at.) Si single crystals with diffusive magnetic anisotropy

The local atomic structure of the Fe-6 % (at.) Si alloy in samples subjected to various treatments (quenching, annealing in dc and ac magnetic fields) has been studied by X-ray diffraction and Moessbauer spectroscopy. In all the samples (even quenched from the disordering temperature of 850°C), the short-range ordering of the B2 type (CsCI structure) takes place at the average cluster size of 0.6-0.7 nm. No D03 ordering has been observed. The superfine field distributions calculated from NGR spectra have shown that the samples arc ordered after all the treatments; moreover, a structure separation over the short-range ordering has been observed. The structure is formed by iron lattice where the short-range ordering regions arc distributed consisting of single or doubled in the direction (paired) bcc cells centered by silicon atoms. The number of Si atoms involved in the pair formation has been estimated.Локальная атомная структура сплава Fe-6 % (at.) Si в образцах, подвергнутых различным обработкам (закалке, термомагнитной обработке в постоянных и переменных магнитных полях), изучалась методами рентгеновской дифракции и мессбауэровской спектроскопии. Во всех образцах (даже после закалки от температуры разупорядочения 850°С) имеет место ближнее упорядочение по типу В2 (структура CsCI) со средними размерами кластеров 0,6-0,7 нм. D03-унорядочспис не обнаружено. Распределения сверхтонких полей, рассчитанные из ЯГР-спектров, показали, что образцы после всех обработок упорядочены, кроме того, наблюдается расслоение в ближнем порядке. Структура сформирована решеткой железа, в которой распределены области ближнего упорядочения, состоящие из единичных или сдвоенных (пары) в направлениях ОЦК ячеек, центрированных атомами кремния. Сделана количественная оценка числа атомов кремния, участвующих в образовании пар.Локальну атомну структуру сплаву Fe-6 % (at.) Si у зразках, підданих різним обробкам (загартування, термомагнітна обробка у постійних та змінних магнітних полях) досліджено методами рентгенівської дифракції та мессбауеровської спектроскопії. У всіх зразках (навіть після гартування від температури розупорядкування 850°С) має місце близьке впорядкування за типом В2 (структура CsCI) з середніми розмірами кластерів 0,6—0,7 нм. D03-внорядкування не виявлено. Розподіли надтонких полів, розраховані з ЯГР-спектрів, посвідчили, що зразки після усіх обробок є впорядкованими, крім того, спостерігається розшарування у ближньому порядку. Структура сформована граткою заліза, в які розподілені області ближнього впорядкування, які складаються з поодиноких або здвоєних (пари) у напрямках ОЦК комірок, центрованих атомами кремнію. Зроблено кількісну оцінку кількості атомів кремнію, що беруть участь в утворенні пар

Purification and some properties of recombinant Erwinia carotovora L-asparaginase, expressed in E.coli cells

The method of purification Erwinia carotovora recombinant L-asparaginase, expressed in E.coli, including ultrasonic disintegration of biomass, fractionation ammonium sulfate and column chromatography on CM- or SP-Sepharose has been developed. According to SDS-PAAGE the enzyme preparation was homogeneous, its specific activity and yield consist respectively about 620 IU/mg of protein and 75%. Physical-chemical and structural properties of recombinant Erwinia carotovora L-asparaginase are similar to the enzymes from the wild strains Erwinia carotovora and recombinant L-asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi

ОПЫТ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ НОВОРОЖДЕННОГО С ХИЛОПЕРИТОНЕУМОМ

The article describes a clinical case of treatment of a newborn with chyloperitoneum against the background of a severe concurrent pathology of the bronchopulmonary system. Chylous effusion was useful during a surgery. In the conservative therapy they used parenteral feeding, octreotide and artificial pulmonary ventilation. The complete parenteral feeding was given for 8 days. The total use of APV considering the concurrent pathology accounted for 86 days. The child was shifted to the second stage of care and discharged when he was 4 months old.В статье приведен клинический случай лечения новорожденного с хилоперитонеумом на фоне тяжелой сопутствующей патологии бронхолегочной системы. Хилезный характер выпота явился находкой при проведении оперативного вмешательства. В консервативном лечении использовали парентеральное питание, октреотид, искусственную вентиляцию легких. Продолжительность полного парентерального питания составила 8 суток. Общая длительность пребывания ребенка на ИВЛ с учетом сопутствующей патологии составила 86 суток. Ребенок переведен на второй этап выхаживания с последующей выпиской домой в возрасте 4 мес. жизни