Provision of production capacity of sugar plants of the Vinnytsia region

 Investigated the current state of development of sugar beet production and sugar in agricultural and processing enterprises of Vinnytsia region, the efficiency of sugar production in the agro-industrial formations and the causes of the crisis in sugar beet production. Made requirements of sugar beet for sugar plants of the Vinnytsia region on the three options for the duration of their work:75 days; 90 days; 100 days. The basic directions of increase of efficiency of activity, identified promising parameters of sugar beet production in the agricultural enterprises of Vinnytsia region. The influence of organizational-economic mechanism on the efficiency of sugar production and usigliano socio-economic importance of the sector through the related challenges.         Key words: organizational and economic mechanism, sugar beets, sugar beets production, productivity, profitability.ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВИРОБНИЧИХ ПОТУЖНОСТЕЙ ЦУКРОВИХ ЗАВОДІВ ВІННИЦЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІкандидати економічних наук, доценти  Жарун  О. В.,  Соколюк  С. Ю., Ткачук  С. П. Уманський національний університет садівництва, Україна, Умань          Досліджено сучасний стан розвитку виробництва цукрових буряків і цукру в сільськогосподарських і переробних підприємствах Вінницької області, визначено ефективність цукробурякового виробництва в аграрно-промислових формуваннях та виявлено причини кризової ситуації у цукробуряковому виробництві. Зроблено розрахунок потреби цукрових буряків для роботи цукрових заводів Вінницької області за трьома варіантами тривалості їх роботи:75 діб; 90 діб; 100 діб. Обґрунтовано напрями підвищення ефективності діяльності, визначено перспективні параметри виробництва цукрових буряків у агроформуваннях Вінницької області. Досліджено вплив організаційно-економічного механізму на ефективність функціонування цукробурякового виробництва та узагальненно суспільно-економічне значення галузі через вирішення відповідних завдань.Ключові слова: організаційно-економічний механізм, цукрові буряки, цукробурякове виробництво, урожайність, рентабельність

The role and branding functions in management by sustainable development of enterprises 'structures

Проведений аналіз внеску підприємницьких структур різних типорозмірів у загальні економічні результати показав, що кращу динаміку економічних результатів показують малі підприємницькі структури. Зроблено припущення, що їх більша гнучкість може бути зумовлена тим, що вони краще використовують свої нематеріальні ресурси для створення нових продуктів і послуг, що мають споживчу цінність. Охарактеризовано склад НМР підприємницьких структур і розглянуто їх можливий внесок у нарощування (чи створення) споживчої цінності. Доведено особливу роль бренду у формуванні споживчої цінності. Розкрито з цих позицій роль і функціональне призначення брендингу й виділено його організуючу та мотивуючу функції для інтеграційної розбудови бізнесу у середовищі малих і середніх підприємств. Підкреслено, що така інтеграція у висококонкурентному середовищі господарювання формує кращі умови для нарощування ресурсного й ринкового потенціалу підприємницьких структур різних розмірів і їх сталого розвитку.The analysis of the contribution of entrepreneurial structures of various sizes to the overall economic results showed that small business structures show the best dynamics of economic results. It has been suggested that their greater flexibility may be due to the fact that they better use their intangible resources to create new products and services that have customer value. The composition of intangible resources of business structures is characterized and their possible contribution to building up (or creating) consumer value is considered. Proved a special role of the brand in the formation of consumer value. The role and functional purpose of branding are revealed from these positions and its organizing and motivating functions for the integration development of business among small and medium-sized enterprises are highlighted. It was emphasized that such integration in a highly competitive business environment creates the best conditions for increasing the resource and market potential of entrepreneurial structures of various sizes and their sustainable developmen

Accretion flows around exotic tidal wormholes I. Ray-tracing

This paper investigates the various spherically symmetric wormhole solutions in the presence of tidal forces and applies numerous methods, such as test particle orbital dynamics, ray-tracing and microlensing. We make the theoretical predictions on the test particle orbital motion around the tidal wormholes with the use of normalized by $\mathcal{L}^2$ effective potential. In order to obtain the ray-tracing images (of both geometrically thin and thick accretion disks, relativistic jets), we properly modify the open source $\texttt{GYOTO}$ code with python interface. We applied this techniques to probe the accretion flows nearby the Schwarzschild-like and charged Reissner-N\"ordstrom (RS) wormholes (we assumed both charged RS wormhole and special case with the vanishing electromagnetic charge, namely Damour-Solodukhin (DS) wormhole). It was shown that the photon sphere for Schwarzschild-like wormhole presents for both thin and thick accretion disks and even for the vanishing tidal forces. Moreover, it was observed that $r_{\mathrm{ph}}\to\infty$ as $\alpha\to\infty$, which constraints $\alpha$ parameter to be sufficiently small and positive in order to respect the EHT observations. On the other hand, for the case of RS wormhole, photon sphere radius shrinks as $\Lambda\to\infty$, as it was predicted by the effective potential. In addition to the accretion disks, we as well probe the relativistic jets around two wormhole solutions of our consideration. Finally, with the help of star bulb microlensing, we approximate the radius of the wormhole shadow and as we found out, for Schild WH, $R_{\mathrm{Sh}}\approx r_0$ for ZTF and grows linearly with $\alpha$. On the contrary, shadow radius for charged wormholes slowly decreases with the growing trend of DS parameter $\Lambda$.Comment: 18 pages, 14 figures, revision submitted to A&

AdS/BCFT correspondence and Horndeski gravity in the presence of gauge fields: holographic paramagnetism/ferromagnetism phase transition

This paper presents a dual gravity model for a (2+1)-dimensional system with a limit on finite charge density and temperature, which will be used to study the properties of the holographic phase transition to paramagnetism-ferromagnetism in the presence of Horndeski gravity terms. In our model, the non-zero charge density is supported by a magnetic field. As a result, the radius $\rho/B$ indicates a localized condensate, as we increase the Horndeski gravity parameter, that is represented by $\gamma$. Furthermore, such condensate shows quantum Hall-type behavior. This radius is also inversely related to the total action coefficients of our model. It was observed that increasing the Horndeski parameter decreases the critical temperature of the holographic model and leads to the harder formation of the magnetic moment at the bottom of the black hole. However, when removing the magnetic field, the ferromagnetic material presents a disorder of its magnetic moments, which is observed through the entropy of the system. We also found that at low temperatures, spontaneous magnetization and ferromagnetic phase transition.Comment: 29 pages, 15 figure

The influence of auditory attention on rhythmic speech tracking: Implications for studies of unresponsive patients

Language comprehension relies on integrating words into progressively more complex structures, like phrases and sentences. This hierarchical structure-building is reflected in rhythmic neural activity across multiple timescales in E/MEG in healthy, awake participants. However, recent studies have shown evidence for this “cortical tracking” of higher-level linguistic structures also in a proportion of unresponsive patients. What does this tell us about these patients’ residual levels of cognition and consciousness? Must the listener direct their attention toward higher level speech structures to exhibit cortical tracking, and would selective attention across levels of the hierarchy influence the expression of these rhythms? We investigated these questions in an EEG study of 72 healthy human volunteers listening to streams of monosyllabic isochronous English words that were either unrelated (scrambled condition) or composed of four-word-sequences building meaningful sentences (sentential condition). Importantly, there were no physical cues between four-word-sentences. Rather, boundaries were marked by syntactic structure and thematic role assignment. Participants were divided into three attention groups: from passive listening (passive group) to attending to individual words (word group) or sentences (sentence group). The passive and word groups were initially naïve to the sentential stimulus structure, while the sentence group was not. We found significant tracking at word- and sentence rate across all three groups, with sentence tracking linked to left middle temporal gyrus and right superior temporal gyrus. Goal-directed attention to words did not enhance word-rate-tracking, suggesting that word tracking here reflects largely automatic mechanisms, as was shown for tracking at the syllable-rate before. Importantly, goal-directed attention to sentences relative to words significantly increased sentence-rate-tracking over left inferior frontal gyrus. This attentional modulation of rhythmic EEG activity at the sentential rate highlights the role of attention in integrating individual words into complex linguistic structures. Nevertheless, given the presence of high-level cortical tracking under conditions of lower attentional effort, our findings underline the suitability of the paradigm in its clinical application in patients after brain injury. The neural dissociation between passive tracking of sentences and directed attention to sentences provides a potential means to further characterise the cognitive state of each unresponsive patient

The Religious situation in Ukraine and it’s influence on the establishment and development of military-religious relations in the Armed Forces of Ukraine (1991–2017)

The article analyzes the religious situation in the Ukrainian society, as well as its impact on the formation and development of military-religious relations in the Armed Forces of Ukraine in 1991–2017. Religion, as one of the leading forms of social consciousness, is an important factor in the formation of civil society and in the development of channels of its communication with state institutions. The Church has traditionally played the role of an important subject of the socio-political life in the history of the Ukrainian people. The relationship between Russian-Ukrainian relations and their impact on state-religious relations in Ukraine and its Armed Forces has been studied. The main tendencies of the development of military-religious relations in the Armed Forces of Ukraine have been clarified. The transformation processes that influenced the change of the existing models of support of religious needs for the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the studied period, are analyzed here/in this article. In particular, some historical aspects of socio-political processes that influenced the formation and development of military-religious relations, and the institutionalization of the military clergy (chaplaincy) of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the period under study are highlighted. In today’s conditions, military chaplains have gained significant experience of service in the war zone, have strong national and patriotic convictions, are able to withstand significant psychological and physical stress, and are ready to carry out pastoral service in any environment

On the effectiveness of event-related beta tACS on episodic memory formation and motor cortex excitability

Background: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is widely used to entrain or modulate brain oscillations in order to investigate causal relationships between oscillations and cognition. Objective: In a series of experiments we here addressed the question of whether event-related, transient tACS in the beta frequency range can be used to entrain beta oscillations in two different domains: episodic memory formation and motor cortex excitability. Methods: In experiments 1 and 2, 72 healthy human participants engaged in an incidental encoding task of verbal and non-verbal material while receiving tACS to the left and right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) at 6.8 Hz, 10.7 Hz, 18.5 Hz, 30 Hz, 48 Hz and sham stimulation for 2s during stimulus presentation. In experiment 3, tACS was administered for 10s to M1 at the individual motor beta frequency of eight subjects. We investigated the relationship between the size of TMS induced MEPs and tACS phase. Results: Beta tACS did not affect memory performance compared to sham stimulation in experiments 1 and 2. Likewise, in experiment 3, MEP size was not modulated by the tACS phase. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that event-related, transient tACS in the beta frequency range cannot be used to modulate the formation of episodic memories or motor cortex excitability. These null-results question the effectiveness of event-related tACS to entrain beta oscillations and modulate cognition

Strategic and Non-Strategic Semantic Expectations Hierarchically Modulate Neural Processing

Perception is facilitated by a hierarchy of expectations generated from context and prior knowledge. In auditory processing, violations of local (within-trial) expectations elicit a mismatch negativity (MMN), while violations of global (across-trial) expectations elicit a later positive component (P300). This result is taken as evidence of prediction errors ascending through the expectation hierarchy. However, in language comprehension, there is no evidence that violations of semantic expectations across local-global levels similarly elicit a sequence of hierarchical error signals, thus drawing into question the putative link between event-related potentials (ERPs) and prediction errors. We investigated the neural basis of such hierarchical expectations of semantics in a word-pair priming paradigm. By manipulating the overall proportion of related or unrelated word-pairs across the task, we created two global contexts that differentially encouraged strategic use of primes. Across two experiments, we replicated behavioral evidence of greater priming in the high validity context, reflecting strategic expectations of upcoming targets based on “global” context. In our preregistered EEG analyses, we observed a “local” prediction error ERP effect (i.e., semantic priming) ∼250 ms post-target, which, in exploratory analyses, was followed 100 ms later by a signal that interacted with the global context. However, the later effect behaved in an apredictive manner, i.e., was most extreme for fulfilled expectations, rather than violations. Our results are consistent with interpretations of early ERPs as reflections of prediction error and later ERPs as processes related to conscious access and in support of task demands