156 research outputs found
Acelerada mortalidad de Opuntia en la Isla Plaza Sur : Âżotra amenaza de un vertebrado introducido?
Accelerated mortality of Opuntia on Isla Plaza Sur : another threat from an introduced vertebrate?
Noticias de BahĂa Academia
El Vivero de la ECCD. Las Amenazadas Tortugas de Cerro Paloma, Isabel. El Daño de los Chivos al VolcĂĄn Alcedo. Las Colecciones del Museo de la ECCD. Chivos en Pinta, Otra Vez? Existe un Guadalupe River en GalĂĄpagos? Avistamiento de un Tirano del Este. Tomar Palabras del Pasado. ÂĄEs Scalesia Atractyloides! El Beagle, Bote de InvestigaciĂłn de la ECCD. Alcedo al DĂa. ExposiciĂłn de Arte a Beneficio de Alcedo. Nueva ConstrucciĂłn. Actividad GeolĂłgica? Ciencia de Alta TecnologĂa. Mas Noticias Sobre Pinta. Primer Registro de la Garza Verde (Butorides Viriscens) en las Islas GalĂĄpagos. Un Vuelo sobre los Volcanes del Norte de Isabela
Giant GalĂĄpagos tortoises; molecular genetic analyses identify a trans-island hybrid in a repatriation program of an endangered taxon
BACKGROUND: Giant Galåpagos tortoises on the island of Española have been the focus of an intensive captive breeding-repatriation programme for over 35 years that saved the taxon from extinction. However, analysis of 118 samples from released individuals indicated that the bias sex ratio and large variance in reproductive success among the 15 breeders has severely reduced the effective population size (N(e)). RESULTS: We report here that an analysis of an additional 473 captive-bred tortoises released back to the island reveals an individual (E1465) that exhibits nuclear microsatellite alleles not found in any of the 15 breeders. Statistical analyses incorporating genotypes of 304 field-sampled individuals from all populations on the major islands indicate that E1465 is most probably a hybrid between an Española female tortoise and a male from the island of Pinzón, likely present on Española due to human transport. CONCLUSION: Removal of E1465 as well as its father and possible (half-)siblings is warranted to prevent further contamination within this taxon of particular conservation significance. Despite this detected single contamination, it is highly noteworthy to emphasize the success of this repatriation program conducted over nearly 40 years and involving release of over 2000 captive-bred tortoises that now reproduce in situ. The incorporation of molecular genetic analysis of the program is providing guidance that will aid in monitoring the genetic integrity of this ambitious effort to restore a unique linage of a spectacular animal
'Prove me the bam!': victimization and agency in the lives of young women who commit violent offences
This article reviews the evidence regarding young womenâs involvement in violent crime and, drawing on recent research carried out in HMPYOI Cornton Vale in Scotland, provides an overview of the characteristics, needs and deeds of young women sentenced to imprisonment for violent offending. Through the use of direct quotations, the article suggests that young womenâs anger and aggression is often related to their experiences of family violence and abuse, and the acquisition of a negative worldview in which other people are considered as being 'out to get you' or ready to 'put one over on you'. The young women survived in these circumstances, not by adopting discourses that cast them as exploited victims, but by drawing on (sub)cultural norms and values which promote pre-emptive violence and the defence of respect. The implications of these findings for those who work with such young women are also discussed
Associations of water and methanol masers at milli-arcsec angular resolution in two high-mass young stellar objects
Most previous high-angular (<0.1 arcsec) resolution studies of molecular
masers in high-mass star forming regions (SFRs) have concentrated mainly on
either water or methanol masers. While high-angular resolution observations
have clarified that water masers originate from shocks associated with
protostellar jets, different environments have been proposed in several sources
to explain the origin of methanol masers. Tha aim of the paper is to
investigate the nature of the methanol maser birthplace in SFRs and the
association between the water and methanol maser emission in the same young
stellar object. We have conducted phase-reference Very Long Baseline
Interferometry (VLBI) observations of water and methanol masers toward two
high-mass SFRs, Sh 2-255 IR and AFGL 5142. In Sh 2-255 IR water masers are
aligned along a direction close to the orientation of the molecular outflow
observed on angular scales of 1-10 arcsec, tracing possibly the disk-wind
emerging from the disk atmosphere. In AFGL 5142 water masers trace expansion at
the base of a protostellar jet, whilst methanol masers are more probably
tracing infalling than outflowing gas. The results for AFGL 5142 suggest that
water and methanol masers trace different kinematic structures in the
circumstellar gas.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy &
Astrophysic
Kinematics of water masers in high-mass star forming regions
We have conducted multi-epoch EVN observations of the 22.2 GHz water masers
towards four high-mass star forming regions (Sh 2-255 IR, IRAS 23139+5939,
WB89-234, and OMC2). The (three) observing epochs span a time range of 6
months. In each region, the water maser emission likely originates close
(within a few hundreds of AU) to a forming high-mass YSO. Several maser
features (~10) have been detected for each source and, for those features
persistent over the three epochs, proper motions have been derived. The
amplitudes of the proper motions are found to be larger than the range of
variation of the line-of-sight velocities and in each of the observed sources
the proper motion orientation seems to indicate an expansion motion.
The gas kinematics traced by the 22.2 GHz water masers is compatible with the
shock-excited nature of water maser emission.
Three different kinematic models (a spherical expanding shell, a Keplerian
rotating disk, and a conical outflow) were fitted to the 3-dimensional velocity
field of the detected maser features. The results of these fits, together with
the comparison of the VLBI maps with the highest-resolution images of the
sources in several thermal tracers, suggest that the water maser features are
most likely tracing the inner portion of the molecular outflows detected at
much larger-scales.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in A&
Loss of Hairless Confers Susceptibility to UVB-Induced Tumorigenesis via Disruption of NF-kappaB Signaling
In order to model squamous cell carcinoma development in vivo, researchers have long preferred hairless mouse models such as SKH-1 mice that have traditionally been classified as âwild-typeâ mice irrespective of the genetic factors underlying their hairless phenotype. The work presented here shows that mutations in the Hairless (Hr) gene not only result in the hairless phenotype of the SKH-1 and Hrâ/â mouse lines but also cause aberrant activation of NFÎșB and its downstream effectors. We show that in the epidermis, Hr is an early UVB response gene that regulates NFÎșB activation and thereby controls cellular responses to irradiation. Therefore, when Hr expression is decreased in Hr mutant animals there is a corresponding increase in NFÎșB activity that is augmented by UVB irradiation. This constitutive activation of NFÎșB in the Hr mutant epidermis leads to the stimulation a large variety of downstream effectors including the cell cycle regulators cyclin D1 and cyclin E, the anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2, and the pro-inflammatory protein Cox-2. Therefore, Hr loss results in a state of uncontrolled epidermal proliferation that promotes tumor development, and Hr mutant mice should no longer be considered merely hairless 'wild-type' mice. Instead, Hr is a crucial UVB response gene and its loss creates a permissive environment that potentiates increased tumorigenesis
Communicating simply, but not too simply: Reporting of participants and speech and language interventions for aphasia after stroke
Purpose: Speech and language pathology (SLP) for aphasia is a complex intervention delivered to a heterogeneous population within diverse settings. Simplistic descriptions of participants and interventions in research hinder replication, interpretation of results, guideline and research developments through secondary data analyses. This study aimed to describe the availability of participant and intervention descriptors in existing aphasia research datasets.
Method: We systematically identified aphasia research datasets containing â„10 participants with information on time since stroke and language ability. We extracted participant and SLP intervention descriptions and considered the availability of data compared to historical and current reporting standards. We developed an extension to the Template for Intervention Description and Replication checklist to support meaningful classification and synthesis of the SLP interventions to support secondary data analysis.
Result: Of 11, 314 identified records we screened 1131 full texts and received 75 dataset contributions. We extracted data from 99 additional public domain datasets. Participant age (97.1%) and sex (90.8%) were commonly available. Prior stroke (25.8%), living context (12.1%) and socio-economic status (2.3%) were rarely available. Therapy impairment target, frequency and duration were most commonly available but predominately described at group level. Home practice (46.3%) and tailoring (functional relevance 46.3%) were inconsistently available.
Conclusion : Gaps in the availability of participant and intervention details were significant, hampering clinical implementation of evidence into practice and development of our field of research. Improvements in the quality and consistency of participant and intervention data reported in aphasia research are required to maximise clinical implementation, replication in research and the generation of insights from secondary data analysis
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