Protective Effect of Chemically Characterized Polyphenol-Rich Fraction from Apteranthes europaea (Guss.) Murb. subsp. maroccana (Hook.f.) Plowes on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury in Mice

Apteranthes europaea (Guss.) Murb. subsp. maroccana (Hook.f.) Plowes (A. europaea) is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicines to treat various diseases including hepatic pathogenesis. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of chemically characterized polyphenol-rich fraction from A. europaea on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice. The chemical characterization of A. europaea polyphenol-rich fraction was carried out using HPLC-DAD (high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a diode-array detector (DAD)). Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was used to induce liver injuries in mice as described in previous works. A polyphenol-rich fraction from A. europaea was used at a dose of 50 mg/Kg to study its hepatoprotective effect. Next, histopathological and biochemical alterations were investigated. The HPLC analysis revealed the presence of several phenolic compounds: gallic acid, methyl gallate, rutin, ferulic acid, and resorcinol. Regarding the mice treated with a polyphenol-rich fraction from A. europaea up to 50 mg/Kg and carbon tetrachloride, no significant biochemical nor histological alterations occurred in their liver; meanwhile, serious biochemical and histopathological changes were noted for liver recovered from the mice treated with carbon tetrachloride only. In conclusion, A. europaea extract is a promising source of hepatoprotective agents against toxic liver injury

Lipids Fraction from Caralluma europaea (Guss.): MicroTOF and HPLC Analyses and Exploration of Its Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Wound Healing Effects

Caralluma europaea is a medicinal plant used in Morocco to cure a variety of illnesses. This study was conducted to determine the chemical composition, the antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities of C. europaea lipids. The chemical composition of C. europaea was analyzed using time-of-flight mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. The antioxidant potential was determined using the 2,2-di-phenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) tests. The antiproliferative effect was evaluated by MTT assay against HL60, K562, Huh-7 cancer cells, and normal Vero cells. The anti-inflammatory potential was conducted against carrageenan-induced paw edema. The wound healing effect was evaluated against skin burns for 21 days. The identified phytochemical compounds were docked for their effect on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, caspase-3, lipoxygenase, glycogen synthase kinase-3-β, and protein casein kinase-1. The results showed the presence of some lipids, such as linoleic acid and vitamin D3. The DPPH (IC50 = 0.018 mg/mL) and FRAP (EC50 = 0.084 mg/mL) of C. europaea lipids showed an important antioxidant effect. For the anti-inflammatory test, an inhibition of 83.50% was recorded after 6 h of treatment. Our extract showed the greatest wound retraction on the 21st day (98.20%). C. europaea lipids showed a remarkable antitumoral effect against the K562 cell line (IC50 = 37.30 µg/mL), with no effect on Vero cells (IC50 > 100 µg/mL). Lignoceric acid was the most active molecule against caspase-3 (−6.453 kcal/mol). The findings indicate the growing evidence of C. europaea as a potential treatment for several diseases

Pharmacological effects of Lavandula officinalis Chaix and its polyphenols: Focus on their in vivo estrogenic and anti-inflammatory properties

Ethnopharmacological relevancy: Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP) are a valuable legacy for human health care and subsistence. Among these MAP, Lavandula officinalis Chaix is traditionally renowned for its ability to treat digestive problems, inflammation, coughing, and to elicit sedative and diuretic effects. Aim of the study: This investigation aimed to assess the effects of Lavandula officinalis Chaix extracts in vivo on the levels of proteins, cholesterol, and estradiol, and study their sub-acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory properties. Materials and Methods: The chemical composition of the hydro-ethanolic (H.E.) extract of Lavandula officinalis Chaix plant was analyzed using HPLC. To check sub-acute toxicity, the H.E. extract at both 300 and 600 mg/kg doses were administered to female rats by daily gavage for 28 days, and animals’ weights, biochemical analyses (AST, ALT, ALP, urea and CREA), and histopathological examinations of kidneys and livers were checked. Furthermore, the in vivo estrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities were examined using H.E. and polyphenols (100 and 200 mg/kg) extracts (P.E.) based on serum and ovarian cholesterol, serum estradiol, uterine proteins levels, and edema inhibition using indomethacin (10 mg/kg) and clomiphene citrate (10 mg/kg) as reference drugs. Results: The results showed that the H.E. extract of Lavandula officinalis Chaix contains some phenolic compounds mainly gallic acid, ferulic acid, catechin, quercetin, and myricetin and showed no evidence of nephrotoxicity nor hepatotoxicity. Additionally, both extracts reduced edema in treated rats by 56–76%. Also, significant estrogenic effects were evidenced by 16–35% increase in serum estradiol, but at less extent than the reference drug treated group. As for cholesterol level, it decreased by 20–60% all extracts included. Moreover, significant influence was noticed on uterine proteins using the hydro-ethanolic extract. Lastly, serum estradiol level increased by 16–64% comparatively to control group. Conclusion: Our findings bring new insights on the role of Lavandula officinalis Chaix extracts as beneficial herbal remedies for female infertility disorders and related inflammation symptoms.Peer reviewe

Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antidiabetic Proprieties of LC-MS/MS Identified Polyphenols from Coriander Seeds

Coriandrum sativum L. seeds are traditionally used to treat diabetes and its complications (inflammation and formation of reactive oxygen species) around the world. The present study investigates the antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of the polyphenol fraction of Coriandrum sativum seeds (PCS). Diabetic mice were orally administered with PCS (25 and 50 mg/kg b.w.) for 28 days. Oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) was also evaluated along with the anti-inflammatory effect, assessed by measuring paw edema development induced with carrageenan in Wistar rat and the antioxidant activity assessed using two tests (β-carotene discoloration and DPPH). Treatment of diabetic mice with PCS for four weeks managed their high fasting blood glucose levels, improved their overall health, also revealed an excellent antihyperlipidemic activity. The OGTT result showed a potent antihyperglycemic activity, and following the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, the PCS exhibited a perfect activity. LC-MS/MS result revealed the presence of 9 polyphenols. This modest work indicates that the PCS have an important antidiabetic, antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effect that can be well established treatment of diabetes and its complications