Pre-service teachers training for efficient health promoting school activities performance

All over the world the health of children and youth is considered to be the most important value. Therefore, one task of teachers’ education is to train pre-service primary school and kindergarten teachers in a way that enables them to maintain and strengthen their own and their students’ health. The aim of this article is to present the comparative results of a study of pre-service teachers’ majoring in “Primary Education” and “Preschool Education” readiness to perform health promotion activities, to disclose ways of higher education optimisation to find new content, methods and forms of improving the quality of pre-service school and preschool teachers’ training to conduct health promotion work. Our study employed a mixed research method. We developed a questionnaire that consisted of closed-ended and open-ended questions, combined into several sets. We also carried out an anonymous survey of second and third-year students of the Department of Pedagogy of Primary Education (n=133) and the Department of Preschool Education (n=145) of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University. The survey was conducted in March-April of 2019. The conducted research shows that the training of pre-service primary school and preschool teachers at higher educational establishments for health maintenance is effective, but needs some improvement. Regarding the motivational indicator of students’ readiness for health-promoting work, almost 65% of the respondents believe, that preserving the health of children and youth is the task of educational institutions. As for the cognitive component, more than one-half of our students demonstrate a sufficient level of the relevant knowledge, but their number depends on the problem and the academic discipline. There is also a slight difference in students’ answers concerning effective forms and methods of health promotion activity. The results of the study indicate that improvement is possible under the following conditions: purposeful and systematic implementation of pre-service teachers' health education, thorough refining of the course contents, the purpose and tasks of which are related to the development of healthcare competencies; an increase in academic hours for practical training; creation of high-quality textbooks and teaching aids; expanding the curricula of higher educational institutions through optional subjects aimed at the development of students’ competencies for their own and their students’ health maintenance, as well as habits of exercising in their free time

ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ANALYSIS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS OF THE EMERGENCE OF THREATS TO THE SYSTEM OF COUNTERACTING MONEY LAUNDERING AND TERRORISM FINANCING IN UKRAINE

The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and applied principles of the economic and legal analysis of socio-economic factors of the emergence of threats to the system of counteracting money laundering and terrorism financing in Ukraine. The results of the conducted research allow us to assert that socio-economic factors have a significant destabilizing effect on the system of counteracting money laundering and terrorism financing in Ukraine and provoke the intensification of the processes of the emergence of threats. The article analyzes the main approaches to determining the socio-economic factors of threats to the system of counteracting money laundering and terrorism financing in Ukraine, systematizes their list and singles out the most important ones. On the basis of a detailed study, an economic and legal analysis of socio-economic factors of the emergence of threats to the system of counteracting money laundering and terrorism financing and their legislative regulation was carried out. It was established that among the most significant socio-economic factors of the emergence of threats to the system of counteracting money laundering and terrorism financing in Ukraine are: (1) the growth of the shadow economy; (2) the deepening of corruption; (3) growth of the state budget deficit; (4) an increase in the number of crimes related to the legalization (laundering) of criminally obtained funds. The weakness of the current domestic legislation in terms of establishing responsibility for crimes containing signs of money laundering and terrorism financing was revealed, which requires its improvement in the direction of strengthening such responsibility. A list of measures of economic and legal regulation of socio-economic factors of the emergence of threats to the system of counteracting money laundering and terrorism financing in Ukraine is proposed, most of which are in the area of harmonizing the current legislation of Ukraine with international and European norms, improving the supervisory activities of state regulators and the methodological tools of financial monitoring

Еколого-ценотичні особливості судинних рослин териконів шахт міста Нововолинська (Волинська область)

В результаті проведених досліджень териконів міста Нововолинська, які є чи не основними джерелом забруднення довкілля, встановлено місцезростання 55 видів судинних рослин та здійснено їх еколого-ценотичний аналіз

Визначення раціональних режимів ферментативної деструкції автолізату біомаси молочнокислих бактерій

It is shown that the degradation products of peptidoglycans of lactic acid bacteria cell walls that are related to the muramyl peptide series compounds are promising components of food ingredients and dietary supplements for the nutritional support of the population suffering from disorders of the immune system.The expediency of autolysis of lactic acid bacteria biomass to increase the enzymatic degradation efficiency of peptidoglycans of their cell walls has been proven. The accumulation of low molecular weight peptides in the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass under rational parameters, which was not subjected to autolysis, is 0.260 mg/cm3, in the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass that was subjected to autolysis is 0.569 mg/cm3. Rational regimes of enzymatic hydrolysis of the composition of lactic acid bacteria (enzyme concentration of 12.5 mg/cm3, substrate concentration of 70.0 mg/cm3, duration of enzymatic hydrolysis of 245.6 min) were determined using mathematical planning methods of multifactorial experiments, which made it possible to significantly optimize and improve the work efficiency.The affiliation of low molecular weight peptides obtained under the rational conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis to immunological compounds of the muramyl peptide series has been proven by gel chromatography and IR spectroscopy methods. It is determined that the molecular weight of the obtained low molecular weight peptides is in the range of 294 – 650 Da, which, in fact, corresponds to the molecular weight of muramyl dipeptide and glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide. In the IR spectrum of low molecular weight peptides, the absorption bands are noted, which correspond to fluctuations of free amino groups, peptide bonds, which, in fact, occur in the structure of peptides, pyranose glucose forms that are part of muramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine of peptidoglycan, muramyl dipeptide and glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide. Also, fluctuations of β-glycoside bonds, which binds the remains of muramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine in peptidoglycan and glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide are marked in the IR spectrum of low molecular weight peptidesУстановлены рациональные режимы ферментативной деструкции автолизата композиции молочнокислых бактерий методом математического планирования многофакторных экспериментов. Исследован ферментолизат, полученный при рациональных условий деструкции, на предмет наличия в его составе иммунотропных соединений – продуктов деградации пептидогликана клеточных стенок бактерий. Методами гель хроматографии и ИК-спектроскопии доказано, что в составе ферментолизата содержатся низкомолекулярные пептиды, которые можно отнести к соединениям мурамилпептидного ряда, обладающих мощным иммунотропным эффектомВстановлено раціональні режими ферментативної деструкції автолізату композиції молочнокислих бактерій методом математичного планування багатофакторних експериментів. Досліджено ферментолізат, отриманий за раціональних умов деструкції, на предмет наявності у його складі імунотропних сполук – продуктів деградації пептидоглікану клітинних стінок бактерій. Методами гель хроматографії та ІЧ-спектроскопії доведено, що у складі ферментолізату містяться низькомолекулярні пептиди, які можна віднести до сполук мурамілпептидного ряду, що володіють потужним імунотропним ефекто

PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS TRAINING FOR EFFICIENT HEALTH PROMOTING SCHOOL ACTIVITIES PERFORMANCE

All over the world the health of children and youth is considered to be the most important value. Therefore, one task of teachers’ education is to train pre-service primary school and kindergarten teachers in a way that enables them to maintain and strengthen their own and their students’ health. The aim of this article is to present the comparative results of a study of pre-service teachers’ majoring in “Primary Education” and “Preschool Education” readiness to perform health promotion activities, to disclose ways of higher education optimisation to find new content, methods and forms of improving the quality of pre-service school and preschool teachers’ training to conduct health promotion work. Our study employed a mixed research method. We developed a questionnaire that consisted of closed-ended and open-ended questions, combined into several sets. We also carried out an anonymous survey of second and third-year students of the Department of Pedagogy of Primary Education (n=133) and the Department of Preschool Education (n=145) of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University. The survey was conducted in March-April of 2019. The conducted research shows that the training of pre-service primary school and preschool teachers at higher educational establishments for health maintenance is effective, but needs some improvement. Regarding the motivational indicator of students’ readiness for health-promoting work, almost 65% of the respondents believe, that preserving the health of children and youth is the task of educational institutions. As for the cognitive component, more than one-half of our students demonstrate a sufficient level of the relevant knowledge, but their number depends on the problem and the academic discipline. There is also a slight difference in students’ answers concerning effective forms and methods of health promotion activity. The results of the study indicate that improvement is possible under the following conditions: purposeful and systematic implementation of pre-service teachers' health education, thorough refining of the course contents, the purpose and tasks of which are related to the development of healthcare competencies; an increase in academic hours for practical training; creation of high-quality textbooks and teaching aids; expanding the curricula of higher educational institutions through optional subjects aimed at the development of students’ competencies for their own and their students’ health maintenance, as well as habits of exercising in their free time.

Дослідження пробіотичних властивостей кисловершкового масла під час зберігання

The purpose of experimental research was to determine the number of viable cells L. acidophilus of the strain La-5 and Flora Danica when storing cultured butter. For this purpose, we employed different temperature modes of the fermentation of cream, as well as various technologies. The original concentration of cultures in cream is 1•106 cfu/cm3; with a combination of cultures – the ratio of 1:1 at original concentration in cream of 1•106 and 1•106 cfu/cm3, respectively). We prepared 4 groups of butter:– group I (samples BW (Butter Winter)1, BW2, BW3 and BS (Butter Summer)1, BS2, BS3 at souring the cream by FD, FD + La-5, La-5, respectively, in winter and summer). Cream fermentation was conducted at temperature (30±1) ºC;– group II (BW4, BW5, BW6, BS5, BS6, BS7 at souring by FD, FD+La-5; La-5) – fermentation (37±1) ºC;– group III (З7, З8, З9 at souring by FD, FD+La-5, La-5, respectively) – (8±1) ºC→(20±1) ºC→(12±1) ºC – winter stepwise cultured butter production mode similar to the Alnarp mode. (BS7, BS8, BS9) – (20±1) ºC→(6±1) ºC→(10±1) ºC – summer stepwise mode similar to the Danish one;– group IV (BW10, BW11, BW12, BS10, BS11, BS12 at souring by FD, FD+La-5, La-5, respectively) – introduction of souring cultures to a butter grain. The original concentration of cells at inoculation – 1•108 cfu/cm3.The largest number of viable cells of La-5 was registered for the sample in which we used FD+La-5 and the fermentation of cream at temperature (30±1) ºC. Duration of storing the cultured butter with the probiotic properties is 35 days at temperature 0…–5 ºСИсследовано количество жизнеспособных клеток L. acidophilus пробиотического штамма La-5 при использовании ее самостоятельно и при сочетании со мезофильной культурой Flora Danica при хранении кислосливочного масла, используя различные температурные режимы ферментации сливок и различные технологии. Установлено, что в оба сезона года лучшие пробиотические свойства кислосливочного масла проявляются при сочетании Flora Danica + L. acidophilus La-5 при температуре ферментации сливок (30±1) °СДосліджено кількість життєздатних клітин L. acidophilus пробіотичного штаму La-5 за використання її самостійно і у поєднанні із мезофільною культурою Flora Danica при зберіганні кисловершкового масла, використовуючи різні температурні режими ферментації вершків і різні технології. Встановлено, що в обидва сезони року найкращі пробіотичні властивості кисловершкового масла проявляються при поєднанні Flora Danica + L. acidophilus La-5 за температури ферментації вершків (30±1) °

Legal principles of counteracting cyberbullying against children

The essay explores into the legal basis for combatting cyberbullying against children in the age of information technologies. The key signs of cyberbullying against children include the lack of time and geographical limits; the large scale and speed of sharing abusive information, and the unlimited audiences. Methods. To achieve this goal, an empirical study was carried out, in which 180 first-year students (aged 17 years), who study at the Educational and Scientific Institute of Law, Psychology and Innovative Education of Lviv Polytechnic National University, took part. When studying the theoretical and methodological aspects of this research problem, the following theoretical methods were employed: analysis, synthesis, generalization of data from psychological, pedagogical, scientific and methodological literature sources. Results. The phenomenon of cyberbullying against children is available in many developed countries. The research showed that children generally are well informed about the possibilities of protecting their rights in case of cyberbullying. However, the legal basis for protecting victims of cyberbullying requires the adoption of several laws. Conclusions. Most digital rights are enshrined in various UN Human Rights Resolutions that require systematization into the single codified act – The Declaration of Digital Human Rights. The need for this act is increasingly growing. In ten years, it would be difficult to think of a model democratic society. To build a legal basis in the area of e-democracy in line with international standards, it is important to adopt the laws on protection of freedom on the Internet,” and on e-democracy, which will certainly secure digital rights of children