Role of a decrease in body heat content in the thermoregulatory reaction of the concha auriculae vessels

At the constant ambient temperature 28-30 C the rabbit ear vessels were dilated and their temperature was 34.8/0.1 C. Administration of the 23-29 C water into the stomach entailed thermoregulatory construction of the ear vessels within 15-25 min. The response occurred at various combinations of temperature changes in different parts of the body. The heat content of the rabbit body, as calculated by the blood temperature in the aorta arc, reduced by 266.3 + or - 26.2 cal/kg at the beginning of the response. The decrease in the organism heat content seems to serve as a signal for occurrence of a corresponding thermoregulatory response

Investigation of Privacy within Health Marketing, Digital Activism, and International Contexts

Privacy, which has a long history of academic inquiry across multiple disciplines, is critically important to modern marketing. Advances in digital information technologies have allowed marketers to provide personalized services to consumers at the cost of their privacy. However, as new technologies increase privacy tensions across all facets of life, so does the need for situational scholarship on privacy. This dissertation uses a variety of datasets, theories, and analytical methods to examine three important privacy contexts: healthcare (industry), activists (actors), and countries (nations). Essay 1 draws on justice theory to examine the role of fairness in consumers’ decision to use health information technologies (HIT). Using data from a nationally representative sample (n = 442), structural equation models (SEM) show that knowledge of technology and of regulations can offset the negative effect of privacy concerns on consumers’ decision to use HIT by increasing fairness perceptions. Using large datasets from Reddit (n = 186,678) and Twitter (n = 922,095), Essay 2 takes a multi-method approach (text mining, linear mixed-effects regression) to examine the culture of digital privacy activists and the impact that their sentiments have on the overall marketplace, thereby testing the theory of marketplace sentiments. Additionally, this essay proposes and validates a new linguistic dictionary creation process. Essay 3 draws on the contextual integrity, self-concept, and international marketing literatures to investigate the antecedents and consequences of meeting informational, temporal, and spatial privacy expectations around the world. Hierarchical regressions, MANOVA, and multi-group SEM are used to analyze survey data from the US, UK, India, and South Africa (n = 1,657) and find that meeting privacy expectations is a function of both consumers (individual-self vs. social-self) and country (developed vs. developing) contexts. Together, these three essays contribute to the privacy literature by identifying perceived justice as a key construct in healthcare exchanges, examining digital privacy activists and their effect on the overall marketplace, and investigating how the determinants and outcomes of MPE vary internationally. Managerial and public policy implications are discussed throughout

Comparative Assessment of the Trophic Level of the Sevastopol and Yuzhnaya Bays Using E-TRIX Index

The ecological state of the Sevastopol Bay and the Yuzhnaya Bay is compared by their trophic level using the E-TRIX index. E-TRIX is defined by four state variables, which are strongly correlated with primary production: chlorophyll a, oxygen as absolute % deviation from saturation, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and total phosphorous. The annual dynamics of biogenic elements is calculated; the one-dimensional water quality model, which has been calibrated for the referred water areas, is used. The annual E-TRIX index variations in the bays are compared; the correlation coefficients between E-TRIX and its parameters are calculated; the contributions of E-TRIX variables are estimated. The annual variation of biogeochemical parameters in the Sevastopol and Yuzhnaya bays has been simulated and E-TRIX index has been estimated. The calculations have showed that on the average the Yuzhnaya Bay has higher trophic level: the average E-TRIX index equals 4.47. In the Sevastopol Bay, the average E-TRIX value equals 4.01. The maximum values of the index have reached 5.53 for the Yuzhnaya Bay and 4.55 for the Sevastopol Bay. However, when the level of phosphates concentration which are the main limiting nutrient elements in the Sevastopol Bay is higher than in the Yuzhnaya Bay (from early July to middle August), the trophic index in the Yuzhnaya Bay is lower than in the Sevastopol Bay. The relative contribution of components in the E-TRIX index has been estimated. It has been revealed that the main factor determining the trophic level in the Sevastopol and Yuzhnaya bays water is the concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen. The contributions of the other components in the E-TRIX index are equivalent

Privacy Consumer Activists on Reddit: Exploring Discourse, Sentiment, and Advocated Practices

New technologies are changing the conversation around privacy, upsetting consumers, and empowering activism. Yet, little is known about privacy consumer activists. In this research, we examine their marketplace culture by analyzing over 100,000 Reddit comments. We contribute to the literature by identifying what they are discussing, feeling, and advocatin