1,264 research outputs found
Re-examining the 'More People Less Erosion' Hypothesis:\ud Special Case of Wider Trend?
Recent research into natural resource rehabilitation based on in-depth case studies has highlighted situations where population growth and agricultural intensification have been accompanied by improved rather than deteriorating soil and water resources(e.g. Tiffen et al., 1994). Drawing on new case studies in six countries (Burkina Faso, Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania and Uganda), this paper examines how widespread are the prospects for positive outcomes of the âmore people, less erosionâ type
Repayment capacity, debt service ratios and mortgage default: An exploration in crisis and non-crisis periods. ESRI Working Paper No. 652 February 2020
In this paper, we explore the impact of current household repayment capacity on mortgage default using household-level
panel data over the period 2004-2017 for Ireland. We measure repayment capacity as changes in the level of the current debtservice
to income ratio to capture a direct channel for affordability shocks. We model the relationship between repayment capacity
and default using a discrete time logit survival model of default flows. We test for a non-linear relationship to explore whether
negative and positive shocks have asymmetric effects and whether shocks depend on household absorptive capacity. We also test
the differing impacts of repayment shocks in crisis and non-crisis times and whether any differences are explained by negative
equity or liquidity constraints. A number of endings emerge. We find that deteriorations in current debt service capacity have a
positive and increasing effect on default which is dependent on the level of indebtedness or absorptive capacity. We find that the
relationship between deteriorations in the repayment capacity and default are worsened in crisis times and we show that this is due
to the presence of negative equity and liquidity constraints in these periods
The Financial Crisis and the Changing Profile of Mortgage Arrears in Ireland. ESRI Research Notes 2014/4/2
Understanding which households go into mortgage arrears during both boom and bust periods in Ireland is of critical importance to ensure suitable policies are deployed to safeguard future financial stability. Many of the difficulties in Ireland arose from the loosening of underwriting standards by financial institutions. This led to excessive household leverage ratios and provided households with limited buffers with which to absorb shocks (McCarthy and McQuinn, 2017; Lydon and McCann, 2017). The joint effects of labour market difficulties and large falls in house prices led to a situation where nearly one-in-five mortgage loans was in arrears at the height of the crisis (McCarthy, 2014)
Estimating an SME investment gap and the contribution of financing frictions. ESRI WP589, March 2018
In this paper, we use firm-level survey data to explore the determinants of SME
investment activity and the extent to which observed investment is in line with that
suggested by economic fundamentals. In contrast to previous literature which has focused
on whether investment gaps exist at a more aggregate level, we find evidence that for SMEs
actual investment is below what would be expected given how companies are currently
performing. The estimated magnitude of this investment gap is economically meaningful at
just over 30 per cent in 2016. We explore the extent to which the gap is explained by
financial market challenges such as access to finance, interest rates, and the availability of
collateral. Financing frictions are found to account for a moderate share of the overall
investment gap (between 10 per cent and 20 per cent of the gap)
Determination of species
There are no author-identified significant results in this report
A county-level perspective on housing affordability in Ireland. ESRI Research Notes 2019/4/2
The issue of housing affordability in Ireland has come to the fore in recent years as house prices have increased significantly following the recovery. In a recent survey, Corrigan et al. (2019a) find that 86.5 per cent of renters expressed a preference for homeownership. However, rising house prices have led to serious concerns about the ability of first time buyers (FTB) to enter the housing market. This group has been cited as one particular pressure point in recent assessments of market affordability (Housing Agency, 2017). Analysis published in the ESRI Quarterly Economic Commentary (McQuinn et al., 2018) finds that house price growth has been uneven across the distribution, with cheaper properties growing at faster rates than more expensive properties. This is likely to further exacerbate the affordability concerns of first time buyers, who typically enter the housing market at lower house price levels than second and subsequent borrowers
\u3cem\u3eFerns\u3c/em\u3e by Kaneko Mitsuharu
Translated from Japanese by Doug Slaymake
Pregnant Violence in Post-3.11 Fiction
This essay explores the violence and the threat of violence associated with pregnancy in Japanese fiction after the triple disastersâthe earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear meltdownâof March 11, 2011. There is hardly a female character in this fiction that is not confronted with questions about pregnancy and childbirth. The queries are surely motivated by genuine concern about the humans involved, but they are just as often about control, about a womanâs body as a public item, about responsibility to the child, and then to society at large. Childbearing in a disaster zone is profoundly anxiety-producing; but it is also worth examining how quickly childbirth, and then womenâs bodies, become at times metaphor and at times synecdoche, for the trauma and fears of the entire society, in these works. In this article I consider Sono Shionâs KibĆ no kuni, Kanehara Hitomiâs Motazaru mono, Taguchi Randiâs ZĆn ni te, Kimura YĆ«sukeâs Seichi Cs, and Furukawa Hideoâs Uma tachi yo, sore demo muku de
Criteria to distinguish between periglacial, proglacial and paraglacial environments
Clarification of the differences between the terms periglacial, proglacial and paraglacial is based on consideration of their conventional definitions, and noting that the term âperiglacialâ is a function of process, âproglacialâ is a function of location and âparaglacialâ is a function of degree and mode of recovery from the disturbance of continental glaciation . Periglacial and proglacial environments are commonly viewed as being adjusted to contemporary process, though important questions have been raised about relict periglacial landscapes in this regard. Paraglacial environments are explicitly out of adjustment with contemporary process and retain in their configuration a glacial signature. All three concepts are seen to be essential to comprehensive understanding of glaciated environments. It is a nested set of concepts which overlap in the field but none of the terms is redundant. Criteria for differentiation of these cold environment descriptors are proposed
Exploring Affordability in the Irish Housing Market. ESRI WP593, June 2018
This paper examines housing affordability in Ireland by looking at the
distribution of housing costs across households. Using microdata from the SILC
survey over the period 2005-2015, the contribution of this paper is threefold. First, the
paper considers the trends in the cost of housing in Ireland across groups of
households split by age, region, household structure, and their position in the
income distribution. Second, we apply selected international housing affordability
definitions and explore the share, and composition, of households in Ireland that
would be captured by these definitions. We do not find evidence of universal
affordability difficulties in the Irish market. However, certain groups do face acute
affordability challenges. Third, working towards a definition of housing cost
affordability for use in Irish policy discussions, we provide some guidance as to
what such a definition could look like
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